Nitrogen form and root division modifies the nutrimental and biomolecules concentration in blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)

Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) continues to gain importance in the international market due to its effects on the prevention of human diseases. This leads to the need to optimize the production and quality of the fruit. The present research evaluated the effect of NO3- and NH4+, using the split roots technique, in the nutritional status, photosynthetic pigments and total sugars in blueberry leaves. A completely random experiment was established with six greenhouse treatments: three under homogeneous root conduction (HR) and three with split roots (SR). The concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, B and Na, chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), carotenoids (Car) and total sugars were evaluated in the leaves. The exclusive supply of NH4+ led to the largest accumulation of N, P, Mg, S, Cu, Mn and B, compared to plants treated with NO3-. The Chla and total sugars were higher with NH4+ compared to NO3- nutrition. The supply of N separately (SR) had no positive effects on the evaluated variables, however, the SR with half of N, in the form of NH4+, compared to the non-SR with full application of N, has no differences in N-leaf concentration, which implies a higher use in the uptake or accumulation of this macro element in plant. V. corymbosum L. with split root and half of N in the form of NH4+, doubled the N use efficiency, as it matches in yield the complete supply treatment of N-NH4+ without root division

Effect of silicon and humic substances on the productivity and absorption of minerals in cucumber

Objective: This work is to evaluate the effect of potassium silicate and humic substances to mitigate salt stress in cucumber grown in greenhouse. Design/methodology/approach: The design that was used was a completely randomized with factorial arrangement. The first factor is the varieties of cucumber (Var); Induran (I) and SV2516 (SV), the second factor is potassium silicate (Si) with doses 0, 10, 20 mL·L-1 and the third factor is humic substances (SH) with doses 0, 10, 20 kg / ha. Results: The results showed that the best interaction was SV * SH20 for the NFP and Rend variables. In the fruit content of N and Ca it was I * SH10 and in K and P it was SV * Si20, for the rest of the minerals such as Mg, Fe and Cu the interactions that stood out were SV * Si10, SV * Si20 and I * Si10 respectively. The best interaction in sheet mineral content was I * SH20 in N, SV * SH10 for P and K, and SV * Si20 for Cu. Study limitations/implications: There was no significant difference in Ca, Mg and Fe minerals in leaf. Findings/conclusions: At least one of the interactions of cultivars and doses of biostimulants favored agronomic variables, quality and mineral absorption in fruit. Key words:  Salt stress, humic substances, potassium silicate.O Objective: To evaluate the effect of potassium silicate and humic substances in the mitigation of salt stress in cucumber grown in a greenhouse. Design/Methodology/Approach: A completely randomized design with factorial arrangement was used. The first factor was the cucumber varieties (Var): Induran (I) and SV2516 (SV). The second factor was potassium silicate (Si), with doses of 0, 10, and 20 mL·L-1. The third factor was humic substances (SH), with doses of 0, 10, and 20 kg/ha. Results: The best interaction for the NFP and Y variables was SV*SH20. The N and Ca content in the fruit was I*SH10, while the K and P content was SV*Si20. Meanwhile, Mg, Fe, and Cu interactions stood out with SV*Si10, SV*Si20, and I*Si10, respectively. The best interaction in leaf mineral content was I*SH20 (N), SV*SH10 (P and K), and SV*Si20 (Cu). Study Limitations/Implications: There was no significant difference in Ca, Mg, and Fe in leaf. Findings/Conclusions: At least one of the interactions between cultivars and bio stimulant doses favored agronomic traits, quality, and mineral absorption in fruit

Cytotoxicity induced by carbon nanotubes in experimental malignant glioma

"Despite multiple advances in the diagnosis of brain tumors, there is no effective treatment for glioblastoma. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), which were previously used as a diagnostic and drug delivery tool, have now been explored as a possible therapy against neoplasms. However, although the toxicity profile of nanotubes is dependent on the physicochemical characteristics of specific particles, there are no studies exploring how the effectivity of the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is affected by different methods of production. In this study, we characterize the structure and biocompatibility of four different types of MWCNTs in rat astrocytes and in RG2 glioma cells as well as the induction of cell lysis and possible additive effect of the combination of MWCNTs with temozolomide. We used undoped MWCNTs (labeled simply as MWCNTs) and nitrogen-doped MWCNTs (labeled as N-MWCNTs). The average diameter of both pristine MWCNTs and pristine N-MWCNTs was ~22 and ~35 nm, respectively. In vitro and in vivo results suggested that these CNTs can be used as adjuvant therapy along with the standard treatment to increase the survival of rats implanted with malignant glioma.

Yield and quality of hybrid tomato grafted and cultivated under shade mesh and greenhouse

The objective was to determine the yield, fruit quality and root development of four grafted tomato hybrids grown under anti-aphid mesh cover and greenhouse. The grafted hybrids were grown under shade mesh and greenhouse from april to november 2014. Variables evaluated were: fruit weight per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of fruits per plant, polar and equatorial fruit diameter, vitamin C and lycopene contents, and root fresh and dry weight. Hybrids grafted and cultivated under anti-aphid mesh had higher quality than the production obtained under greenhouse. However, lycopene and vitamin C contents and accumulated root system dry matter are greater under greenhous

Influencia de cuatro concentraciones de solución Steiner sobre los nutrientes en la solución del suelo y productividad en tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

El desarrollo y productividad de los cultivos agrícolas está directamente relacionado con el suministro nutricional que estos reciben. La hipótesis de esta investigación es que la concentración de iones medidos en la solución del suelo, permite evaluar la eficiencia del manejo nutricional y su efecto sobre el cultivo, así, la concentración de iones está condicionada por el aporte mineral y los procesos de intercambio iónico del suelo. El objetivo de ésta investigación, fue medir el efecto de la aplicación continua de cuatro concentraciones de solución nutritiva sobre la concentración de iones en la solución del suelo y la respuesta en el cultivo de tomate bajo invernadero. El ensayo se estableció en suelo calcáreo bajo un diseño de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones, con plantas de tomate indeterminado. Los tratamientos fueron cuatro concentraciones con diferente proporción de la solución Steiner modificada para el cultivo de tomate: 1) 50, 2) 75, 3) 100 y 4) 125%, que fueron aplicadas de forma continua por fertirriego. En cada tratamiento se extrajo la solución del suelo y se midió la concentración de los iones NO3-, K+ y Ca+2, el pH y la conductividad eléctrica durante 18 semanas. Al mismo tiempo, se midió la respuesta en el cultivo. La concentración de la solución nutritiva, aplicada de forma constante al cultivo de tomate, presenta una relación directa con la disponibilidad de nutrientes. La solución nutritiva al 125% generó mejor crecimiento, fisiología, calidad comercial y rendimiento agronómico. El calcio fue el único elemento que se detectó en niveles suficientes en la solución del suelo a partir de una concentración de 50% en la solución nutritiva, debido a su alta disponibilidad original del suelo

Temas Socio-Jurídicos. Volumen 14 No. 30 Agosto de 1996

La Revista Temas Socio-Jurídicos en su edición número 30, desea anunciar a sus lectores, poniéndola a disposición de la comunidad científica nacional la adquisición de la obra completa de Galileo Galilei en su primera edición florentina de 1842.The Socio-Legal Issues Magazine, in its 30th edition, wishes to announce to its readers, making it available to the national scientific community the acquisition of the complete works of Galileo Galilei in its first Florentine edition of 1842

Temas Socio-Jurídicos. Volumen 13 No. 29 Diciembre 1995

Como homenaje póstumo dedicamos al profesor Valencia Zea, esta edición número 29 de la revista Temas Socio-Jurídicos, en la cula difundimos un ejercicio hermeneútico salido de su pluma en la sentencia proferida por la sala de casación civil de la Corte Suprema de Justicia de 23 de junio de 1958.As a posthumous tribute we dedicate to Professor Valencia Zea, this 29th edition of the Socio-Legal Issues magazine, in which we spread a hermeneutical exercise from his pen in the sentence pronounced by the civil cassation chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice of 23 June 1958

Latin Americans show wide-spread Converso ancestry and imprint of local Native ancestry on physical appearance

Historical records and genetic analyses indicate that Latin Americans trace their ancestry mainly to the intermixing (admixture) of Native Americans, Europeans and Sub-Saharan Africans. Using novel haplotype-based methods, here we infer sub-continental ancestry in over 6,500 Latin Americans and evaluate the impact of regional ancestry variation on physical appearance. We find that Native American ancestry components in Latin Americans correspond geographically to the present-day genetic structure of Native groups, and that sources of non-Native ancestry, and admixture timings, match documented migratory flows. We also detect South/East Mediterranean ancestry across Latin America, probably stemming mostly from the clandestine colonial migration of Christian converts of non-European origin (Conversos). Furthermore, we find that ancestry related to highland (Central Andean) versus lowland (Mapuche) Natives is associated with variation in facial features, particularly nose morphology, and detect significant differences in allele frequencies between these groups at loci previously associated with nose morphology in this sample.Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celula

Latin Americans show wide-spread Converso ancestry and imprint of local Native ancestry on physical appearance

Historical records and genetic analyses indicate that Latin Americans trace their ancestry mainly to the intermixing (admixture) of Native Americans, Europeans and Sub-Saharan Africans. Using novel haplotype-based methods, here we infer sub-continental ancestry in over 6,500 Latin Americans and evaluate the impact of regional ancestry variation on physical appearance. We find that Native American ancestry components in Latin Americans correspond geographically to the present-day genetic structure of Native groups, and that sources of non-Native ancestry, and admixture timings, match documented migratory flows. We also detect South/East Mediterranean ancestry across Latin America, probably stemming mostly from the clandestine colonial migration of Christian converts of non-European origin (Conversos). Furthermore, we find that ancestry related to highland (Central Andean) versus lowland (Mapuche) Natives is associated with variation in facial features, particularly nose morphology, and detect significant differences in allele frequencies between these groups at loci previously associated with nose morphology in this sample.Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celula