Joint AAPM Task Group 282/EFOMP Working Group Report: Breast dosimetry for standard and contrast‐enhanced mammography and breast tomosynthesis

: Currently, there are multiple breast dosimetry estimation methods for mammography and its variants in use throughout the world. This fact alone introduces uncertainty, since it is often impossible to distinguish which model is internally used by a specific imaging system. In addition, all current models are hampered by various limitations, in terms of overly simplified models of the breast and its composition, as well as simplistic models of the imaging system. Many of these simplifications were necessary, for the most part, due to the need to limit the computational cost of obtaining the required dose conversion coefficients decades ago, when these models were first implemented. With the advancements in computational power, and to address most of the known limitations of previous breast dosimetry methods, a new breast dosimetry method, based on new breast models, has been developed, implemented, and tested. This model, developed jointly by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine and the European Federation for Organizations of Medical Physics, is applicable to standard mammography, digital breast tomosynthesis, and their contrast-enhanced variants. In addition, it includes models of the breast in both the cranio-caudal and the medio-lateral oblique views. Special emphasis was placed on the breast and system models used being based on evidence, either by analysis of large sets of patient data or by performing measurements on imaging devices from a range of manufacturers. Due to the vast number of dose conversion coefficients resulting from the developed model, and the relative complexity of the calculations needed to apply it, a software program has been made available for download or online use, free of charge, to apply the developed breast dosimetry method. The program is available for download or it can be used directly online. A separate User's Guide is provided with the software

Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (third edition)

The third edition of Flow Cytometry Guidelines provides the key aspects to consider when performing flow cytometry experiments and includes comprehensive sections describing phenotypes and functional assays of all major human and murine immune cell subsets. Notably, the Guidelines contain helpful tables highlighting phenotypes and key differences between human and murine cells. Another useful feature of this edition is the flow cytometry analysis of clinical samples with examples of flow cytometry applications in the context of autoimmune diseases, cancers as well as acute and chronic infectious diseases. Furthermore, there are sections detailing tips, tricks and pitfalls to avoid. All sections are written and peer-reviewed by leading flow cytometry experts and immunologists, making this edition an essential and state-of-the-art handbook for basic and clinical researchers

Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (third edition)

The third edition of Flow Cytometry Guidelines provides the key aspects to consider when performing flow cytometry experiments and includes comprehensive sections describing phenotypes and functional assays of all major human and murine immune cell subsets. Notably, the Guidelines contain helpful tables highlighting phenotypes and key differences between human and murine cells. Another useful feature of this edition is the flow cytometry analysis of clinical samples with examples of flow cytometry applications in the context of autoimmune diseases, cancers as well as acute and chronic infectious diseases. Furthermore, there are sections detailing tips, tricks and pitfalls to avoid. All sections are written and peer-reviewed by leading flow cytometry experts and immunologists, making this edition an essential and state-of-the-art handbook for basic and clinical researchers

Mapping the Institutional Architecture of the Climate-Energy Nexus

This technical report is a deliverable for the CLIMENGO project. This project is funded by the Swedish Energy Agency and is a collaboration between the Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), Lund University, Stockholm University and the Swedish Environment Institute (SEI) in Oxford. The project aims to (1) map the institutional complexity of global energy and climate governance, (2) to evaluate its effectiveness and legitimacy, (3) and to develop a knowledge-base for decision-makers. This first technical report is written to explain the methodology for data-gathering and analysis, in relation to the first objective of CLIMENGO: mapping the institutional complexity of global energy and climate governance. For more information and access to more output of the CLIMENGO project, please visit: www.climengo.eu

Mapping the Institutional Architecture of Global Energy Governance

This technical report is a deliverable of the CONNECT project (Coping with Fragmentation: Assessing and Reforming the current Architecture of Global Environmental Governance), funded by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NOW). CONNECT (1) takes stock of the existing level of fragmentation across a number of issue-areas in global environmental politics; (2) explains the causes of fragmentation of global governance architectures; (3) analyses the implications of fragmentation across different scales of governance; and finally, (4) suggests policy responses to increased fragmentation. This technical report presents a novel mapping of the global energy governance architecture. It presents a data-set and initial descriptive statistics that can be used for further analysis of fragmentation and institutional complexity of global energy governance