6 research outputs found

    Nutrition, Obesity and Asthma Inception in Children. The Role of Lung Function

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    Obesity is an important public health problem. WHO estimates that about 39 million children younger than 5 years of age are overweighted or obese. On the other hand, asthma is the most prevalent chronic disease in childhood, and thus, many children share those two conditions. In the present paper we review the epidemiology of children with asthma and obesity, as well as the consequences of being obese on the respiratory system. On the one hand obesity produces an underlying T-helper 2 (TH2) low inflammation state in which numerous cytokines, which could have an impact in the respiratory system play, a role. On the other hand, some respiratory changes have been described in obese children and, specially, the development of the so called “dysanapsis” (the disproportionate scaling of airway dimensions to lung volume) which seems to be common during the first stages of life, probably related to the early development of this condition. Finally, this review deals with the role of adipokines and insulin resistance in the inception and worsening of asthma in the obese child

    Synthesis and Characterization of Aluminophosphates Type-5 and 36 Doubly Modified with Si and Zn and Its Catalytic Application in the Reaction of Methanol to Hydrocarbons (MTH)

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    This paper presents a study of the synthesis of AlPO4-5 and AlPO4-36 materials doubly substituted by Si and Zn, as acid function and aromatizing function, respectively. The physicochemical properties of the zeotypes were studied by XRD, adsorption of N2, Temperature Programmed Desorption with NH3, 31P MAS NMR and SEM. The incorporation of Zn and Si has shown an important effect on the acidic, textural and morphological properties of the samples. The particle size has a significant effect on the catalytic activity in the reaction of methanol to hydrocarbons in terms of methanol conversion and selectivity. It was observed that as the particle size decreases, the methanol conversion increases causing the catalyst to deactivate in a shorter time. The incorporation of Zn improved the selectivity to total aromatics by the aromatizing effect of Zn. The SAPO-5 (S5) material having a smaller particle size showed complete conversions of methanol. In contrast, the ZnAPO-5 (Z5) material showed low conversions but a high selectivity to total aromatics (41%). On the other hand, the material S36-2 presented a high selectivity to aromatics (58%) due to the high amount of Zn and Si. Both metals provided a certain acidic character to the materials

    Impact of Pneumococcal Vaccination in the Nasopharyngeal Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Healthy Children of the Murcia Region in Spain.

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    An epidemiological study of Streptococcus pneumoniae nasopharyngeal carriage in healthy children was carried out five years after the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13). Study the impact of pediatric vaccination with PCV13, and other associated epidemiological factors on the status of nasopharyngeal carriage, the circulating pneumococcal serotypes, and the antibiotic susceptibility to more frequently used antibiotics. A multi-center study was carried out in Primary Health Care, which included 1821 healthy children aged 1 to 4 years old. All isolates were sent to the Spanish Pneumococcal Reference Laboratory for serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. At least one dose of PCV13 had been received by 71.9% of children and carriage pneumococcal prevalence was 19.7%. The proportion of PCV13 serotypes was low (14.4%), with an observed predominance of non-vaccine serotypes, 23B, 11A, 10A, 35B/F, and 23A were the five most frequent. A high rate of resistance to penicillin, erythromycin, and trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole was found. A low proportion of PCV13 serotypes were detected, confirming the impact of pediatric vaccination for reducing the serotypes vaccine carriage. High resistance rates to clinically important antibiotics were observed.This work was supported by Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (MINECO)[grant SAF2017-83388].S

    Child Head Circumference and Placental MFSD2a Expression Are Associated to the Level of MFSD2a in Maternal Blood During Pregnancy

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    ©. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by /4.0/ This document is the Published Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in [Frontiers in Endocrinology]. To access the final edited and published work see[10.3389/fendo.2020.00038
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