Enzymatic heterozygosity and morphological variance in synthetic populations of Drosophila melanogaster

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Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus in a Sow in El Oro Province - Ecuador

Background: Macracantorhincosis is a zoonotic disease resulting from inadequate sanitary conditions, which occurs in pigs infected by acanthocephalic helminths called Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus. The eggs of these parasites are resistant to cold, high temperatures and can survive up to three years in the soil. They are consumed by dung beetles of the Scarabeidae family causing the parasite to evolve into its infective form, the cystacanth. The pig becomes infected after ingestion of either larvae or adult forms of these coleoptera. This paper describes a case report of macracantorhincosis found in a pig from the canton of Zaruma located in the province of El Oro, Ecuador. Case: A female pig, approximately 24 months old, weighing 30 kg, presented cachexia, muscle weakness, pale oral and ocular mucosa and a body temperature (rectal) above 39.4°C. The animal had a bulge on the ventral side of the neck, which evolved causing progressive discomfort to the point that the animal stopped eating. The pig was dewormed for three consecutive days. Fifteen days later, the animal had convulsions and muscle tremors, and died some hours after the symptoms started. During necropsy procedure, pale digestive tract membranes and nodules with fibrin were observed in the small intestine (jejunum), which was incised and the presence of parasites adhered to the granulomas detected. Two granulomas for morphological and histological studies and stool samples for coproparasitic test were collected. The collected parasites were fixed in a 10% buffered formalin solution, cross-sections were made and routinely processed for histological studies. The 5-μm-thick sections were stained using the hematoxylin and eosin (HE) technique. The parasite’s action involves perforation of the intestinal wall though its proboscis causing peritonitis and enteritis. Other conditions in intestinal dissection such as necrotic areas, inflammation of the submucosa and adult parasites adhered to the intestinal mucosa were also observed. The coproparasitic examination was performed using the flotation and sedimentation techniques. The coproparasitic test detected dark colored feces, semi-solid consistency and the presence of Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceu eggs. In the histological evaluation of the cross section of the parasite, the presence of circular and longitudinal muscle fibers and lemniscus with their constrictor muscles was observed. Cuticle, hypodermis with tapered fibers and a large number of developing mature eggs were also reported.   Discussion: There is no pathognomonic symptomatology about this parasitosis, peritonitis can be generated by intestinal perforations. The findings at necropsy were ulcerations, inflammation in the small intestine and the presence of numerous nodules in the serous layer, where there was penetration of the parasite's proboscis. When fixed to the mucosa, these parasites cause ulcerations, inflammation and necrosis in the wall of the small intestine. The hypodermic layer is thicker than the muscular layer and the presence of leminis with their constricting muscles are typical features of acanthocephalus. It is considered appropriate to carry out epidemiological studies on the prevalence of the parasite Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus at pig farming system in the region, in order to determine the main risk factors. In Ecuador, cases of this disease in humans have not yet been reported, but have already been described in other countries, so the presence of this parasite in family swine farming may be considered a zoonotic-type risk factor. Keywords: pig, zoonotic disease, macrocanthorhincosis.  Título: Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus em uma porca da Província de El Oro - Equador. Descritores: suíno, doença zoonótica, macracantorrincose

Linkage disequilibrium in French natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster

International audienc

Impacto de las redes sociales Facebook, Twitter y pagina WEB como herramientas publicitarias caso de estudio: Asesorias y seminarios (servicios contables y tributarios), ciudad Guayaquil

La presente investigación estuvo basada en el análisis del impacto de las principales redes sociales Facebook, Twitter y una página web como herramientas publicitarias para Asesorías y Seminarios en la ciudad de Guayaquil. En este caso se trató de indagar e investigar los beneficios que representa emplear las redes sociales como una herramienta publicitaria, específicamente en el segmento de los emprendedores y pequeños empresarios, donde tienen el control de desarrollar su propio contenido con mensajes únicos que apalancan su posición en la mente del consumidor y con un manejo adecuado pueden generar voceros de la marca y fidelizar a sus consumidores lo cual conllevará a mejorar el canal de comunicación con el objetivo de lograr generar oportunidades de negocios. Para que esta tarea sea exitosa es importante entender las motivaciones, aptitudes y necesidades del consumidor, entonces es indispensable contar con la mayor cantidad de herramientas publicitarias disponibles de forma gratuita en el internet, para usarlas con el objetivo de alinearlas a las estrategias del negocio o la empresa. Además, es recomendable el uso de una página web donde en forma clara y específica se muestren los servicios que prestan este tipo de negocios que se convertirá en una oficina virtual abierta las 24 horas del día y como complemento un formulario que permita la generación de registros como nombre, teléfono y e-mail de potenciales clientes.This research was based on analysis of the impact of the major social networks Facebook, Twitter and a website as advertising tools for consultants and workshops in the city of Guayaquil. In this case it came to inquire and investigate the benefits associated with use of social networks as an advertising tool, specifically in the segment of freelancers and small businesses, where they have control to develop their own content with only messages that leverage its position in the consumer's mind and with proper management can generate spokespersons brand loyalty and consumers which will lead to better communication channel with the goal of generating business opportunities. To make this task successful is important to understand the motivations, skills and consumer needs, then it is essential to have as many marketing tools available for free on the internet, for use in order to align them to business strategies or the company. In addition, it is advisable to use a website where clearly and specifically the services provided by these businesses will become an open virtual office 24 hours a day are displayed and in addition a form that allows the generation of records such as name, phone and e-mail leads

NACIONES INTELECTUALES: LA MODERNIDAD LITERARIA MEXICANA DE LA CONSTITUCION A LA FRONTERA (1917-2000)

This dissertation proposes an analysis of representative texts within the category of "intellectual nations". The idea of "intellectual nations" is inscribed in the project of questioning the centrality and canonicity of certain cultural productions that have given legitimacy to the hegemonic idea of nationalism, which helped sustain the PRI regime in Mexico. The dissertation, thus, seeks to follow an intellectual tradition that thought the nation in coordinates different to those institutionalized by the PRI State. I define "intellectual nation" as a discursive construction that imagines "other" forms of conceiving the "national", articulated within the "literary field" and enunciated from a non-hegemonic position with respect to the field of power. In these terms, the dissertation is focused in the specific study of representative texts within this tradition, written between 1917 and 2000, through certain terms that have been defining the evolution of Mexican literature: national culture, tradition, modernity, border, Occidentalism. This study is thus centered in texts that allow the study of "intellectual nations" in diverse historical contexts. These contexts have been chosen in order to speak of important moments of transformation within the intellectual field, as well as of the state ideology and the emergence of social movements where the "intellectual nations" played an important role

Técnicas y herramientas de recolección de información mediante OSINT en RRSS

Hoy en día tenemos millones de datos y de información publicada en internet y de acceso libre debido a la contante y continua publicación de nuevos contenidos mediante diversas formas, redes sociales, blogs... Esto ha favorecido que se almacene una desorbitada cantidad de datos online a partir de los cuales se puede obtener información de gran valor y utilidad mediante técnicas como OSINT. En este trabajo estudiaremos e investigaremos diferentes herramientas y técnicas OSINT existentes, cómo se utilizan, su formación, sus objetivos y sus consecuencias en un enfoque centralizado en redes sociales.Nowadays we have millions of data and information published on the Internet and freely accessible due to the constant and continuous publication of new content through various forms, social networks, blogs... This fact has provoked the storage of a huge amount of online data from wich we can obtain, through techniques and tools such as OSINT, useful and great value information. In this paper we will study and investigate different OSINT tools and techniques, how they are used, their formation, their goals and their consequences in a social media-centric approach.Máster Universitario en Dirección de Proyectos Informáticos (M133

On the use of controlled radiation pressure to send a satellite to a graveyard orbit

A very important topic in modern astrodynamics is the removal of satellites from their orbits, after the end of their missions. In this work, we propose the use of the solar radiation pressure to change the orbital energy of a satellite, to remove it from the operational region to a graveyard orbit. A mechanism for changing the area-to-mass ratio of the satellite and/or its reflectivity coefficient is used to accomplish this task. We derive an analytical model to find the maximum eccen- tricity achieved during the removal trajectory, for different initial conditions for the argument of perigee and the longitude of the ascending node. After that, the best trajectories, i.e., trajectories with low eccentricity, are integrated using a numerical model. These low eccentricity trajectories are important because satellites with disposal orbits with low eccentricity pose a lower risk of crossing the operational region during the de-orbiting.Un tema importante en la astrodinámica moderna es la remoción de satélites de sus órbitas al finalizar sus misiones. En este trabajo proponemos utilizar la presión de la radiación solar para modificar la energía orbital del satélite, y así alejarlo de la región operacional y enviarlo a una órbita “en el cementerio”. Para este propósito, se propone un mecanismo para cambiar la razón área-masa y/o la reflectividad del satélite. Obtenemos un modelo analítico para encontrar la máxima excentricidad alcanzada durante la trayectoria de remoción, para diferentes valores iniciales del argumento del perigeo y de la longitud del nodo ascendente. A continuación, las mejores trayectorias, esto es, las de menor excenticidad, se integran numéricamente. Estas trayectorias de baja excentricidad son importantes pues los satélites con ´orbitas de desecho de baja excentricidad tienen un menor riesgo de cruzar las regiones operacionales durante su eliminación.The author is thankful for the grants # 406841/2016-0 and 301338/2016-7 from the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); and grants # 2014/22295-5, 2011/08171-3, 2016/14665-2 and 2016/07248-6 from São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Contribution of psychoactive substance use and other environmental factors to adolescent pregnancies in Mexico

Introduction: Mexico has the highest prevalence of adolescent pregnancies among all the member countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) with a fertility rate of 70.6 births for every 1000 women aged 15–19 years. This study explored the associations between psychoactive substance use and adolescent pregnancy in 3263 adolescents. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2018. We examined adolescent pregnancy among a sample of currently pregnant, ever pregnant and never pregnant teenage girls. The prevalence of psychoactive substance use was estimated at the state level using the 2016 National Survey of Drug, Alcohol, and Tobacco Use. Multilevel logistic models were fitted to evaluate the association between psychoactive substance use and adolescent pregnancy. Results: Girls living in states with high prevalence of illegal drug use, non-prescription use of medical drugs, alcohol abuse and daily tobacco use had higher odds of having adolescent pregnancy (OR=1.22, 95% CI: 1.17–1.27; OR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.66–2.39; OR=1.10, 95% CI: 1.03–1.13; and OR=1.05, 95% CI: 1.03–1.18, respectively). Finally, adolescent pregnancy was positively associated with population density (OR=0.85, 95% CI: 0.82–0.88) and number of homicides (OR=1.08, 95% CI: 1.03–1.13). Conclusions: The exposure of adolescents to psychoactive substances may directly contribute to having a pregnancy. Also, these findings highlight the importance of attending school, having high school education and being beneficiaries of the social program CCT-POP in reducing adolescent fertility rates.S