Studi Kualitatif: Perilaku Ibu terhadap Pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Puskesmas Banemo, Kabupaten Halmahera Tengah

Abstract One effort to obtain a good baby growth and development is by giving exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months. Breastmilk is the first natural food for babies that provide all the vitamins, minerals and nutrients needed by babies for growth during the first six months and no food or other fluids are needed. This study aimed to determine the behaviour of mothers towards exclusive breastfeeding for children in the working area of Banemo Public Health Center in Central Halmahera District. This research was qualitative with a phenomenological approach to find out in-depth information about mother’s behaviour towards exclusive breastfeeding. The number of informants in this study were 7 informants consisting of 1 key informant, 3 supporting informants, and 3 regular informants. Research showed that mothers’ lack of knowledge about the benefits of the importance of exclusive breastfeeding makes mothers not give exclusive breastfeeding to their babies. The work of nursing mothers as housewives allows mothers to manage berween household chores and breastfeeding. There was no special treatment for the mother’s breast in preparation for child birth because the breast of the informant was normal. There was mothers’ lack of knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding, so it is recommended for health workers to increase knowledge of breastfeeding mothers through counselling and it is also advisable for breastfeeding mothers to prepare for child birth by carrying out breast care so that the do bot get blistered during breastfeeding. Abstrak Salah satu upaya untuk memperoleh tumbuh kembang bayi yang baik adalah dengan pemberian AirSusu Ibu (ASI) eksklusif sampai enam bulan. ASI merupakan makananan alami yang pertama untukbayi yang memberikan semua vitamin, mineral, dan gizi yang dibutuhkan oleh bayi untuk pertumbuhanselama enam bulan pertama dan tidak ada makanan atau cairan lain yang diperlukan. Penelitian inibertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku ibu terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif kepada anak di wilayahkerja Puskesmas Banemo Kabupaten Halmahera Tengah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatifdengan pendekatan fenomonologi untuk mengetahui informasi yang mendalam tentang perilaku ibuterhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan jumlah informan pada penelitian ini adalah 7 informan yangterdiri dari 1 informan kunci, 3 informan pendukung, dan 3 informan biasa. Penelitian menunjukkanbahwa kurangnya pengetahuan ibu tentang manfaat akan pentingnya ASI eksklusif membuat ibu tidakmemberikan ASI eksklusif kepada bayinya. Pekerjaan ibu sebagai ibu rumah tangga membuat ibu dapatmengatur antara pekerjaan rumah dengan menyusui. Tidak ada perawatan khusus pada payudara ibudalam mempersiapkan kelahiran anak karena payudara informan normal. Kurangnya pengetahuan ibutentang ASI eksklusif sehingga disarankan kepada petugas kesehatan agar meningkatkan pengetahuanibu menyusui melalui penyuluhan dan disarankan pula kepada ibu menyusui agar melakukan persiapankelahiran anak dengan melaksanakan perawatan payudara agar tidak lecet pada saat menyusui

On the role of selective nucleation and growth to recrystallization texture development in a Mg-Gd-Zn alloy

One of the main material properties altered by rare earth additions in magnesium alloys is texture, which can be specifically adjusted to enhance ductility and formability. The current study aims at illuminating the texture selection process in a Mg-0.073at%Gd-0.165at%Zn alloy by investigating recrystallization nucleation and early nucleus growth during static recrystallization. An as-cast sample of the investigated alloy was deformed in uniaxial compression at 200{\deg}C till 40% strain and was then cut into two halves for subsequent microstructure characterization via ex-situ and quasi in-situ EBSD investigations. In order to gain insights into the evolution of texture during recrystallization, the contributions from dynamic and static recrystallization were initially separated and the origin of the non-basal orientation of recrystallization nuclei was traced back to several potential nucleation sites within the deformed matrix. Considering the significant role of double-twin band recrystallization in determining the recrystallization texture, this type of recrystallization nucleation was further investigated via quasi-in-situ EBSD on a deformed sample, annealed at 400{\deg} for different annealing times. With progressive annealing a noticeable trend was observed, in which the basal nuclei gradually diminished and eventually vanished from the annealed microstructure. In contrast, the off-basal nuclei exhibited continuous growth, ultimately becoming the dominant contributors to the recrystallization texture. The study therefore emphasizes the importance of particular nucleation sites that generate favorably oriented off-basal nuclei, which over the course of recrystallization outcompete the neighboring basal-oriented nuclei in terms of growth, and thereby dominate the recrystallization texture

Ya Quds Academic Cultural News Letter, Issue No. 4

This issue of Ya Quds! comes at a time when the Centre for Jerusalem Studies has appointed a new director, Arnan Bashir. We would like to wish him all the best in his endeavours to promote the vision and goals of the Centre. We would like to send out a call for the fifth issue of Ya Quds!, Articles may be in Arabic or English and should not exceed 1200 words. The deadline for submission is September 25, 2018

Microstructure, texture and tensile properties of ultrafine/nano grained magnesium alloy processed by accumulative back extrusion

An AZ31 wrought magnesium alloy was processed by employing multipass accumulative back extrusion process. The obtained microstructure, texture and room temperature tensile properties were characterized and discussed. Ultrafine grained microstructure including nano grains were developed, where the obtained mean grain size was decreased from 8 to 0.5 µm by applying consecutive passes. The frequency of both low angle and high angle boundaries increased after processing. Strength of the experimental alloy was decreased after processing, which was attributed to the obtained texture involving the major component lying inclined to the deformation axis. Both the uniform and post uniform elongations of the processed materials were increased after processing, where a total elongation of 68 pct was obtained after six-pass deformation. The contribution of different twinning and slip mechanism was described by calculating corresponding Schmid factors. The operation of prismatic slip was considered as the major deformation contributor. The significant increase in post uniform deformation of the processed material was discussed relying on the occurrence of grain boundary sliding associated with the operation of prismatic slip.Postprint (author's final draft

Antinociceptive activity of Mentha piperita leaf aqueous extract in mice

Mentha piperita L. (Labiatae) is an herbaceous plant, used in folk medicine for the treatment of several medical disorders.In the present study, the aqueous extract of Mentha piperita leaf, at the i.p doses 200 and 400 mg/kg, showed significant analgesic effects against both acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate-induced thermal stimulation in mice, with protection values of 51.79% and 20.21% respectively. On the contrary, the Mentha piperita leaf aqueous extract did not exhibit anti-inflammatory activity against carrageenan induced paw oedema.These findings indicate that Mentha piperita has a potential analgesic effect that may possibly have mediated centrally and peripherally, as well as providing a pharmacological evidence for its traditional use as a pain reliever

Social sciences research in neglected tropical diseases 2: A bibliographic analysis

The official published version of the article can be found at the link below.Background There are strong arguments for social science and interdisciplinary research in the neglected tropical diseases. These diseases represent a rich and dynamic interplay between vector, host, and pathogen which occurs within social, physical and biological contexts. The overwhelming sense, however, is that neglected tropical diseases research is a biomedical endeavour largely excluding the social sciences. The purpose of this review is to provide a baseline for discussing the quantum and nature of the science that is being conducted, and the extent to which the social sciences are a part of that. Methods A bibliographic analysis was conducted of neglected tropical diseases related research papers published over the past 10 years in biomedical and social sciences. The analysis had textual and bibliometric facets, and focussed on chikungunya, dengue, visceral leishmaniasis, and onchocerciasis. Results There is substantial variation in the number of publications associated with each disease. The proportion of the research that is social science based appears remarkably consistent (<4%). A textual analysis, however, reveals a degree of misclassification by the abstracting service where a surprising proportion of the "social sciences" research was pure clinical research. Much of the social sciences research also tends to be "hand maiden" research focused on the implementation of biomedical solutions. Conclusion There is little evidence that scientists pay any attention to the complex social, cultural, biological, and environmental dynamic involved in human pathogenesis. There is little investigator driven social science and a poor presence of interdisciplinary science. The research needs more sophisticated funders and priority setters who are not beguiled by uncritical biomedical promises

Dietary fruits and vegetables and cardiovascular diseases risk

Diet is likely to be an important determinant of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. In this article, we will review the evidence linking the consumption of fruit and vegetables and CVD risk. The initial evidence that fruit and vegetable consumption has a protective effect against CVD came from observational studies. However, uncertainty remains about the magnitude of the benefit of fruit and vegetable intake on the occurrence of CVD and whether the optimal intake is five portions or greater. Results from randomized controlled trials do not show conclusively that fruit and vegetable intake protects against CVD, in part because the dietary interventions have been of limited intensity to enable optimal analysis of their putative effects. The protective mechanisms of fruit and vegetables may not only include some of the known bioactive nutrient effects dependent on their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and electrolyte properties, but also include their functional properties, such as low glycemic load and energy density. Taken together, the totality of the evidence accumulated so far does appear to support the notion that increased intake of fruits and vegetables may reduce cardiovascular risk. It is clear that fruit and vegetables should be eaten as part of a balanced diet, as a source of vitamins, fiber, minerals, and phytochemicals. The evidence now suggests that a complicated set of several nutrients may interact with genetic factors to influence CVD risk. Therefore, it may be more important to focus on whole foods and dietary patterns rather than individual nutrients to successfully impact on CVD risk reduction. A clearer understanding of the relationship between fruit and vegetable intake and cardiovascular risk would provide health professionals with significant information in terms of public health and clinical practice

The 1930s as black mirror: Visions of historical repetition in the global financial press, 2007-2009

Media coverage of the recent financial crisis has referred extensively to various past crises, and in particular to the events of the 1930s. This article suggests that the idea of the Great Depression has effectively come to function as a kind of historical ‘black mirror’ – a quasi-object within which conjuncture and historical representation interact to produce an image of capitalist history itself. Focusing on the journalistic output of four key financial publications, I trace how portrayals of the 1930s have evolved over the course of the crisis. I find that while the 1930s are frequently and consistently invoked in ways that purport to reveal the historicity of the crisis, these representations produce an oscillation between different visions of historical repetition, which in turn underpin competing interpretations of the crisis as it unfolds. In so doing, I argue, appeals to the 1930s have simultaneously served to conceal and disclose the constitutive relation of historical imagination to historical process – a double move that has had the paradoxical effect of both securing and undermining the reproduction of finance capitalism as we have come to know it