Psychopharmacological management of acute alcohol withdrawal symptoms. A review

© 2020 The Authors. Published by Journalcmpr.com. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence. The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: https://doi.org/10.24327/23956429.ijcmpr202005881Evidence based medicine suggest that implementations of a clinical protocol for the management of acute alcohol withdrawal symptoms improves patient’s outcome. Clinical guidelines were developed by several institutions mainly to ensure high quality, person centered, and safe management of alcohol withdrawal symptoms with a large variation in the local practice especially in the management of unplanned alcohol withdrawal with regards to the regime, choice of benzodiazepines and appropriate vitamin supplementation. Various health organizations advise integration of training for alcohol withdrawal management. Timely assessments and staff education increase patient monitoring, create a safer and caring environment, reduce the risks including agitation to staff and other patients and enhance the quality of care. This review looked at the various National Health Services Hospitals with guidelines and protocols providing a comprehensive review for the acute management of alcohol withdrawal symptoms

Genetic Polymorphism and mRNA Expression Studies Reveal IL6R and LEPR Gene Associations with Reproductive Traits in Chinese Holsteins

Genetic selection of milk yield traits alters the energy distribution of high producing cows, resulting in gene-induced negative energy balance, and consequently, poor body condition scores and reduced reproductive performances. Here, we investigated two metabolic-syndrome pathway genes, IL6R (Interleukin 6 receptor) and LEPR (Leptin receptor), for their polymorphism effects on reproductive performance in dairy cows, by applying polymorphism association analyses in 1588 Chinese Holstein cows (at population level) and gene expression analyses in granulosa cells isolated from eight cows (at cell level). Among the six single nucleotide polymorphisms we examined (two SNPs for IL6R and four SNPs for LEPR), five were significantly associated with at least one reproductive trait, including female fertility traits covering both the ability to recycle after calving and the ability to conceive and keep pregnancy when inseminated properly, as well as calving traits. Notably, the identified variant SNP g.80143337A/C in LEPR is a missense variant. The role of IL6R and LEPR in cattle reproduction were further confirmed by observed differences in relative gene expression levels amongst granulosa cells with different developmental stages. Collectively, the functional validation of IL6R and LEPR performed in this study improved our understanding of cattle reproduction while providing important molecular markers for genetic selection of reproductive traits in high-yielding dairy cattle

Investigating the Short-Term Effects of Cold Stress on Metabolite Responses and Metabolic Pathways in Inner-Mongolia Sanhe Cattle

Inner-Mongolia Sanhe cattle are well-adapted to low-temperature conditions, but the metabolic mechanisms underlying their climatic resilience are still unknown. Based on the 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance platform, 41 metabolites were identified and quantified in the serum of 10 heifers under thermal neutrality (5 °C), and subsequent exposure to hyper-cold temperature (−32 °C) for 3 h. Subsequently, 28 metabolites were pre-filtrated, and they provided better performance in multivariate analysis than that of using 41 metabolites. This indicated the need for pre-filtering of the metabolome data in a paired experimental design. In response to the cold exposure challenge, 19 metabolites associated with cold stress response were identified, mainly enriched in “aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis” and “valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation”. A further integration of metabolome and gene expression highlighted the functional roles of the DLD(dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase), WARS (tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase), and RARS(arginyl-tRNA synthetase) genes in metabolic pathways of valine and leucine. Furthermore, the essential regulations of SLC30A6 (solute carrier family 30 (zinc transporter), member 6) in metabolic transportation for propionate, acetate, valine, and leucine under severe cold exposure were observed. Our findings presented a comprehensive characterization of the serum metabolome of Inner-Mongolia Sanhe cattle, and contributed to a better understanding of the crucial roles of regulations in metabolites and metabolic pathways during cold stress events in cattle

Chloroplast genome evolution in the Dracunculus clade (Aroideae, Araceae)

Chloroplast (cp) genomes are considered important for the study of lineage-specific molecular evolution, population genetics, and phylogenetics. Our aim here was to elucidate the molecular evolution in cp genomes of species in the Dracunculus clade (Aroideae, Araceae). We report de novo assembled cp genomes for eight species from eight genera and also retrieved cp genomes of four species from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The cp genomes varied in size from 162,424 bp to 176,835 bp. Large Single Copy (LSC) region ranged in size from 87,141 bp to 95,475 bp; Small Single Copy (SSC) from 14,338 bp to 23,981 bp; and Inverted Repeats (IRa and IRb) from 25,131 bp to 32,708 bp. The expansion in inverted repeats led to duplication of ycf1 genes in four species. The genera showed high similarity in gene content and yielded 113 unique genes (79 protein-coding, 4 rRNA, and 30 tRNA genes). Codon usage, amino acid frequency, RNA editing sites, microsatellites repeats, transition and transversion substitutions, and synonymous and non-synonymous substitutions were also similar across the clade. A previous study reported deletion of ycf1, accD, psbE, trnL-CAA, and trnG-GCC genes in four Amorphophallus species. Our study supports conservative structure of cp genomes in the Dracunculus clade including Amorphophallus species and does not support gene deletion mentioned above. We also report suitable polymorphic loci based on comparative analyses of Dracunculus clade species, which could be useful for phylogenetic inference. Overall, the current study broad our knowledge about the molecular evolution of chloroplast genome in aroids.Peer reviewe

Frequency-dependent alterations in functional connectivity in patients with Alzheimer’s Disease spectrum disorders

BackgroundIn the spectrum of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and related disorders, the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) signals within the cerebral cortex may exhibit distinct characteristics across various frequency ranges. Nevertheless, this hypothesis has not yet been substantiated within the broader context of whole-brain functional connectivity. This study aims to explore potential modifications in degree centrality (DC) and voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) among individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and AD, while assessing whether these alterations differ across distinct frequency bands.MethodsThis investigation encompassed a total of 53 AD patients, 40 aMCI patients, and 40 healthy controls (HCs). DC and VMHC values were computed within three distinct frequency bands: classical (0.01–0.08 Hz), slow-4 (0.027–0.073 Hz), and slow-5 (0.01–0.027 Hz) for the three respective groups. To discern differences among these groups, ANOVA and subsequent post hoc two-sample t-tests were employed. Cognitive function assessment utilized the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Pearson correlation analysis was applied to investigate the associations between MMSE and MoCA scores with DC and VMHC.ResultsSignificant variations in degree centrality (DC) were observed among different groups across diverse frequency bands. The most notable differences were identified in the bilateral caudate nucleus (CN), bilateral medial superior frontal gyrus (mSFG), bilateral Lobule VIII of the cerebellar hemisphere (Lobule VIII), left precuneus (PCu), right Lobule VI of the cerebellar hemisphere (Lobule VI), and right Lobule IV and V of the cerebellar hemisphere (Lobule IV, V). Likewise, disparities in voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) among groups were predominantly localized to the posterior cingulate gyrus (PCG) and Crus II of the cerebellar hemisphere (Crus II). Across the three frequency bands, the brain regions exhibiting significant differences in various parameters were most abundant in the slow-5 frequency band.ConclusionThis study enhances our understanding of the pathological and physiological mechanisms associated with AD continuum. Moreover, it underscores the importance of researchers considering various frequency bands in their investigations of brain function

Türk tekstil sektöründe yeşil tedarik zinciri yönetimi uygulamaları

Text in English ; Abstract: English and TurkishIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 58-60)xi, 68 leavesGreen supply chain management practices have been one of the most intriguing focal point for of scholars over the last decade. Previous studies have presented the cases of green supply chain applications of companies from different sectors in different countries. They suggest that green supply chain management practices might impact environmental performance as part of organizational performance. However, it has not yet been determined whether the green supply chain management practices will impact the environmental performance as a part of the organizational performance of the SMEs in the textile sector of Turkey. This thesis aims to explore the gaps in the literature and recognize the influence of environmental performance as a part of organizational performance and consequently addressing green supply chain management practices (GSCMP) specifically in the Turkish textile industry. The data is collected from Turkish textile firms through a survey and the Statistical Package of the SPSS is used to analyze the collected data. The proposed hypothesis are tested. The proposed variables in the hypothesis are green supply chain management practices, green process and product design, and the internal awareness of green supply chain management practice approaches used to determine whether they improve a company's overall environmental performance as a part of organizational performance. The findings of this research were observed that implementing GSCM practices has a positive impact on environmental performance within a textile sector organizations. The thesis concludes that textile relevant SMEs still have room for improvement. This study will help SMEs in the Turkish textile industry make better decisions to identify green supply chain management practices that can improve environmental as a part of an organizational performance.Yeşil tedarik zinciri yönetimi uygulamaları, son on yılda akademisyenler için en ilgi çekici odak noktalarından biri olmuştur. Daha önce yapılan çalışmalar yeşil tedarik zinciri yönetiminin gelişimi ve kapsamı hakkında bilgi vermenin yanı sıra farklı sektörlerden şirketlerin yeşil tedarik zinciri uygulama örneklerini sunmuştur. Yeşil tedarik zinciri yönetimi uygulamalarının, örgütsel performansın bir parçası olarak çevresel performansı etkileyebileceğini öne sürüyorlar. Ancak yeşil tedarik zinciri yönetimi uygulamalarının Türkiye tekstil sektöründeki KOBİ'lerin örgütsel performanslarının bir parçası olarak çevresel performanslarını etkileyip etkilemeyeceği henüz belirlenmemiştir. Bu tez, literatürdeki boşlukları keşfetmeyi ve örgütsel performansın bir parçası olarak çevresel performansın etkisini tanımayı ve sonuç olarak özellikle Türk tekstil endüstrisindeki yeşil tedarik zinciri yönetimi uygulamalarını (GSCMP) ele almayı amaçlamaktadır. Veriler, Türk tekstil firmalarından anket yoluyla toplanmıştır ve toplanan verilerin analizinde SPSS'nin İstatistiksel Paketi kullanılmıştır. Önerilen hipotez test edilir. Hipotezde önerilen değişkenler, yeşil tedarik zinciri yönetimi uygulamaları, yeşil süreç ve ürün tasarımı ve örgütsel performansın bir parçası olarak bir şirketin genel çevresel performansını iyileştirip iyileştirmediğini belirlemek için kullanılan yeşil tedarik zinciri yönetimi uygulama yaklaşımlarının içsel farkındalığıdır. Bu araştırmanın bulguları, bir tekstil sektörü organizasyonunda GSCM uygulamalarının uygulanmasının çevresel performans üzerinde olumlu bir etkiye sahip olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, tekstil endüstrisindeki KOBİ'lerin, kurumsal performansın bir parçası olarak çevreyi iyileştirebilecek yeşil tedarik zinciri yönetimi uygulamalarını belirlemek için daha iyi kararlar almalarına yardımcı olacaktır.INTRODUCTIONLITERATURE REVIEWEnvironmental Performance (EP) as an Organizational Performance (OP)Green Supply Chain Management Practices (GSCMP)Internal Awareness of GSCMP (IAGSCMP)Green Product and Process Design (GPPD)RESEARCH METHODOLOGYResearch MethodologyTheoretical FrameworkHypothesisResearch DesignPopulation Frame and Sample SizeData collectionMeasurement scaleData AnalysisValidity AnalysisReliability AnalysisDemographic AnalysisGenderAgeEducational levelTotal work experienceDepartment of workDescriptive Statistics of companiesEmployee sizeNumber of suppliersType of businessRevenue of the firmsDescriptive Statistics of Research QuestionsAnalysis of firm detailsRelation between GSCMP and Number of suppliersRelation between GPPD and Number of suppliersRelation between IAGSCMP and Number of suppliersRelation between GSCMP and size of the companyRelation between GPPD and size of the companyRelation between IAGSCMP and size of the companyRelation between GSCMP and firm’s revenueRelation between GPPD and firm’s RevenueRelation between IAGSCMP and firm’s revenueRelation between GSCMP and Business typeRelation between GPPD and Business typeRelation between IAGSCMP and Business typeRelation between GSCMP and EPRelation between GPPD and EPRelation between IAGSCMP and EPCorrelation AnalysisMultiple Regression AnalysisRESULTS AND CONCLUSIONSResults and ConclusionLimitationsConclusionFuture Researc

DESCRIBING IMPACT OF SARAIKI ON ENGLISH LANGUAGE SKILLS: A CASE STUDY ON THE SPOKEN VERSION OF GRADUATES

This research article explores the influence of Saraiki, a South Asian language spoken predominantly in the Saraiki region of Pakistan, on the English language skills of graduates. The study delves into the spoken version of graduates to analyze the extent to which Saraiki affects various aspects of English language proficiency. The research employs a case study approach, incorporating qualitative methods to gather in-depth insights into the linguistic dynamics involved. The findings of this study aim to contribute to the understanding of language interplay and its implications for language learners, educators, and policymakers

Isolation and characterization of dermatophytes and tinea corporis infections in wasit province, Iraq

Background: A mycotic infection can result in a variety of human disorders. They are widespread around the world, but are more common in tropical nations like India where the temperature and humidity are more conducive to their persistence and activity. Purpose: The present study were determines the incidence of tinea infections and their dermatophytes in Wasit Province, Iraq. Result: A total 125 scraping samples with dermatophytes infections collected.  About 50\125(40%) were infected with Tinea corporis. Among them, which three species were identified distribution to 26 cases were Trichophyton mentagrophytes with a percentage of 52%, was the most frequently isolated dermatophyte 12 cases were Trichophyton rubrum with a percentage 24%, and 12 cases were Microsporum canis with a percentage 24%. Conclusion: T. mentagrophytes reported as a high incidence in patients followed by Tinea corporis