Juvenile justice system of Pakistan

This article provides a comprehensive overview and analysis of Pakistan's juvenile justice system, highlighting its evolution, legislative reforms, and challenges. Legislative reforms aimed at aligning national laws with international standards, such as the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, have shaped the system significantly. The enactment of the Juvenile Justice System Ordinance in 2000 marked a pivotal shift towards prioritizing rehabilitation over punishment, introducing specialized juvenile courts and diversionary strategies. Critical components like legal counsel, presumption of innocence, and the child's best interests are explored, along with adopting restorative justice techniques. Challenges include implementation issues, resource constraints, and disparities in access to justice, particularly for underprivileged juveniles. Continuous evaluation and monitoring are crucial to ensure the system's effectiveness

احمد ندیم قاسمی سوانح وشخصیت

Amad Nadeem Qasmi is the name of a person who has experimented in different genres of Urdu literature. He was a poet as well as a fiction writer. He used to write columns and was also aware of the art of criticism. He also wrote some stories for children. Write. Qasmi is a name of a versatile personality. Qasmi also belonged to the same rich family, but he had more economic hardships, which he was spared by his relatives. Even in these situations, mothers should not complain. The mother spins the spinning wheel and the children make ponies. When the rainy season started, the mother would take her children to sit on the threshold and pray to the raindrops that my children do not suffer. Read and write this to be good and make a name in the world. Then that Ayat-e-Kareema. Read and blow on the children. She herself was not literate but wanted to improve the future of her children. These circumstances made Nadeem very sensitive

مکی دورِ نبوی میں حضورﷺ کی صحابہ کرام کی تربیت اور ان سے محبت کے مختلف طریقے اور دورِ حاضر میں اُن کی تطبیق: The training of the Companions of the Holy Prophet in the Meccan period and the different ways of loving them and their application in the present day

Every aspect of the prophet's life has infinite beauty and charm in it, and from whatever angle it is seen, our master, Hazrat Muhammad, peace be upon him, is unique and unparalleled in terms of his beauty. In this article, I want to mention something about the love and compassion of the Holy Prophet for his Companions.The life of our master and teacher, Khatam-il-Nabiyyah, Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa ﷺ, has the distinction that the creator of the universe himself has preserved the glory of this holy being in his holy words forever. In the Holy Quran, Allah Almighty Says You have a great character. God Almighty declares that His Beloved Messenger Muhammad Mustafa (peace be upon him) holds the highest heights of morality. The great creation of Muhammad ﷺ is a masterpiece of all-round and unparalleled comprehensiveness. Two verses about compassion and love for one's companions are particularly noteworthy. On one occasion, Allah testified that Allah's perfect mercy has made the beloved of God the embodiment of mercy If not, this People would never have gathered around you. In another verse, he said: "I have come to you as a messenger of my own dear ones, and I have not given you any desire for salvation." Mٌ (Repentance: 128) O believers! A person from your own nation has come to you as a messenger. Your suffering is burdened by him, and he is hungry for good for you, and he is loving to the believers and very merciful.Faith-enhancing visions of this holy testimony of God Almighty can be seen in places in the holy life of the Holy Prophet ﷺ. That blessed being, who was Rahmatul Laa Lamin, was the embodiment of mercy for all the worlds and creatures, for his namesakes and companions, his compassion and love was something else. The love and compassion of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) continued to shower everywhere, everywhere and on everyone in such a way that everyone's feet were completely filled and there was not a single person who was deprived of this bounty. Children also became fertile and adults too. Women also got a share and so did men. Azad also became a subject of this love and slaves too. The poor were also enriched by this compassion and so were the rich. The love and compassion continued during the day and also at night. Even in poverty, their benevolent master was gracious to them and also in generosity. Therefore, the love and compassion of the Holy Prophet ﷺ continued to rain down on every section of the Companions like heavy rain. Blessed are those holy beings who became the subjects of the mercy of the two worlds, ﷺ, and blessed are those faithful souls who keep on circumambulating this everlasting candle of lov

نوآبادیات رجحان ساز نظریہ کا پس منظر: تحقیقی جائزہ: Background to Colonialism Theory: A Research Review

The process of a powerful country establishing its own government by abolishing the government of another country outside its territory and strengthening its economy by exploiting the rights of the local people is called Colonialism. Colonialism is applied to any process by which a powerful nation dominates a weaker nation and considers it its right to exploit its resources. According to this definition, gaining power over a subjugated nation of any region or any country is called Colonialism which does not differ in any way from the normal government process. The process of many European powers settling outside of Europe for economic and military benefits is called Colonialism. Colonialism is definitely the result of imperialism, but it is not synonymous with it. Colonialism could be a possibility of imperialism, and it is not necessary that imperialism and colonialism must always coexist. The difference between imperialism and colonialism is historical. Imperialism is a product of the Middle Ages and colonialism is a product of modern times. The medieval period was economically based on feudalism and the economic system of the modern era is characterized by capitalism. Therefore, the values, morals, customs, rules and regulations of both feudalism and capitalism are different. The common thing among both is that the wealth is concentrated in the upper classes. This wealth is not created by their own labor, but collected by taxing the laborers' earnings or by directly robbing them. Another difference is that the emperor does not see any problem in the lavish distribution of wealth, but the colonists do not like such extravagance, simply because they cannot afford it. Because the colonizer has a capitalist ideology, he keeps increasing the wealth and keeps track of each and every penny. Because of this difference, the medieval imperialism formulates a special concept of human effort in its concept. In medieval imperialism, the pursuit of ranks, prestige, status, and fame is central, while wealth is of secondary importance. In Colonialism, the values are contrary to that of medieval imperialism

An Exploration of Young Learners' Motivation Level inLight of TEYL Principles: Private vs. Public Schools in Sialkot

This study explores the young learners' motivation level in light of TEYL (Teaching English to Young Learners) principles in Sialkot public and private schools. This study uses the qualitative descriptive research methodology, and data is collected through semi-structured interviews with the teachers serving in public and private schools.Understanding young learners involves comprehensively investigating student development, education, and well-being. This exploration encompasses a range of interdisciplinary perspectives, including educational psychology, early childhood development, pedagogy, and socio-cultural factors. Researchers delve into young learners' cognitive, emotional, social, and physical dimensions to understand their learning processes, needs, and experiences. Additionally, exploring young learners involves examining effective teaching strategies, curriculum design, assessment methods, and classroom environments that promote optimal learning outcomes for children. The motivation level of students in Teaching English to Young Learners (TEYL) classrooms is influenced by applying TEYL principles, which prioritize creating engaging, interactive, and developmentally appropriate learning environments. By incorporating principles such as meaningful context, active participation, and play-based activities, TEYL educators can foster intrinsic motivation among young learners. The teachers from both sectors highlighted the factors, strategies and challenges they encountered while teaching. They also pinpointed some disparities in the motivation levels of the young learners stemming from their environment. Moreover, they emphasized the use of technology for employing TEYL principles and the governing bodies' role to resolve the disparities, uplift the school environment and provide the resources to dispel these disparities in the motivational levels of the young learners. This study finds out that for the implementation of TEYL principles, the “Rewards”, “Interactive Classrooms”, and "Use of Audio-Visual Aids" play a significant role in uplifting the motivation level of young learners in both public and private schools in Sialkot. &nbsp

Digital Diplomacy in Education: A Comprehensive Analysis of How Digital Technologies Contribute to International Collaboration in Educational Diplomacy

The purpose of this research is to investigate the complex dynamics of digital diplomacy in education by conducting qualitative interviews with thirty educators. The study digs into the use of digital tools in teaching approaches, the problems that come with technological integration, and the influence of international partnerships on educators' professional growth. The findings are consistent with earlier research, highlighting the transformational power of digital technologies in influencing instructional methods and forging global relationships. Teachers emphasized the good impact of foreign relationships, which contribute to improved cultural awareness and student motivation. Despite the benefits, technical concerns and differing digital literacy skills among students were observed, emphasizing the importance of focused professional development. The report closes with recommendations for increasing the integration of Digital Diplomacy in Education, such as strong technical assistance, standardized frameworks for international partnerships, and customized professional development efforts. These findings add to the larger discussion of technology, diplomacy, and education, providing guidance for policymakers, educators, and stakeholders interested in establishing an integrated and inclusive global education system

اردو میں ماحولیاتی تنقید کے بنیادی مباحث کا تنقیدی جائزہ: A Critical Review of Basic Discussion of Environmental Criticism in Urdu

The living and non-living things on the planet are called environment. The interrelationship of natural and artificial things is called environment. The history of ecology is as old as man. Environmental criticism formally arose out of the devastation caused by World War II. Environmental criticism observes the symbols and value signals between nature and culture. It means that life speaks. Environmental criticism is the name of the study of mutual relations between literature and the physical environment. The creators are taking up the pen on the protection of nature, its sanctity and responsibilities. Romantic poets have promoted environmental criticism by using nature in their poetry. Compared to other branches of criticism, the development of environmental criticism was a little late. Urdu fiction played a role in the development of environmental criticism. Film industry, Urdu. Poetry, Urdu novels, Urdu drama, almost all literary genres have influenced environmental criticism to some extent. This effect has proved useful for Urdu literature to a great extent                                                                                                                                                    

Investigating Emotional Experiences of Music Listener: Impact on Psychological Well-being

One of the primary goals of music is to enhance well-being and to reduce stress and make us feel better. However, sometimes it may hinder our emotional state. This study is aimed to examine the effects of music on the listener’s psychological well-being and health. Qualitative research design was used. Sample size of 9 young adults was recruited through purposive sampling technique. All of them were regular music listeners. Data collected through semi-structured interviews were analyzed employing thematic analysis. The results have shown the diversity of emotional experiences and the role of music in the alleviation of stress and anxiety. It was also observed that the music helps in catharsis and spiritual connection. Further, music plays an important role in fostering and promoting social connection and emotional health. The study can be implied in community engagement, educational and health settings.&nbsp

د ارزاني خويشکي د کلام د ځنې لرغونو پښتني لغاتو څېړنه او سپړنه: THE ANCIENT PASHTO WORDS IN ARZANI KHAISHKI'S POETRY: AN EXPLORATORY AND ANALYTICAL REVIEW

Arzani Khaishki , the pioneer poet of the second era of Pashto poetry, is recognized as Pashto's foremost literary figure. As a devoted follower and caliph of Bayazid Ansari, Arzani khaishki stood out in an era when Pashto literature was significantly influenced by Arabic and Persian. Distinguishing himself from his contemporaries, Arzani Khaishki made a conscious effort to employ pure Pashto words in his poetry, thereby preserving the linguistic heritage of his time. His work is invaluable, capturing and maintaining the Pashto vocabulary and dictionaries that have since become obsolete. This article sheds light on these ancient words, offering a rich resource for researchers and students of Pashto literature to deepen their understanding and appreciation of the language's historical development

MARXIST FEMINISM IN “WOMAN WORK” BY MAYA ANGELOU

The following analysis focuses on the poem “Woman Work” by Maya Angelou, an American poetess and a black woman, who raised her voice for women of that times those were slaves in the household and society as well. Following are the key features of Marxist feminism: Sense of alienation Want of identity Wish of freedom This poem was analyzed in perspective of feminism theory and it was all about self-exploration mainly through the poetry and primarily by women. The major themes of Maya Angelou works focus on feminism, identity crises, family and racism.&nbsp