FEEDBACK EQUALIZER FOR VEHICULAR CHANNEL

In this fast moving world, the number of fatal accidents is increasing day by day and this leads to the requirement of the availability of the traffic condition and road conditions related data to the users. Therefore, to support Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication in high speed mobility condition, it is required to have reliable and secure of communication. Here, the performance of multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) system as a combination of nonlinear decision feedback receiver (DFE) have been investigated in V2V channel. In this paper, through the simulation, the results are presented to show the effect of the channel correlation coefficient and Doppler shift (Fd) (because of the relative velocity of the vehicle) over the performance of the MIMO system. As a counter measure of those problems non-linear receivers have been formulated and analyzed

Waterborne electrospinning of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) by control of environmental parameters

With increasing toxicity and environmental concerns, electrospinning from water, i.e., waterborne electrospinning, is crucial to further exploit the resulting nanofiber potential. Most water-soluble polymers have the inherent limitation of resulting in water-soluble nanofibers, and a tedious chemical cross-linking step is required to reach stable nanofibers. An interesting alternative route is the use of thermoresponsive polymers, such as poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), as they are water-soluble beneath their lower critical solution temperature (LCST) allowing low-temperature electrospinning while the obtained nanofibers are water-stable above the LCST. Moreover, PNIPAM nanofibers show major potential to many application fields, including biomedicine, as they combine the well-known on off switching behavior of PNIPAM, thanks to its LCST, with the unique properties of nanofibers. In the present work, based on dedicated turbidity and rheological measurements, optimal combinations of polymer concentration, environmental temperature, and relative humidity are identified allowing, for the first time, the production of continuous, bead-free PNIPAM nanofibers electrospun from water. More specifically, PNIPAM gelation was found to occur well below its LCST at higher polymer concentrations leading to a temperature regime where the viscosity significantly increases without compromising, the polymer solubility. This opens up the ecological, water-based production of uniform PNIPAM nanofibers that are stable in water at temperatures above PNIPAM's LCST, making them suitable for various applications, including drug delivery and switchable cell culture substrates

A survey on classification algorithms of brain images in Alzheimer’s disease based on feature extraction techniques

Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most serious neurological disorders for elderly people. AD affected patient experiences severe memory loss. One of the main reasons for memory loss in AD patients is atrophy in the hippocampus, amygdala, etc. Due to the enormous growth of AD patients and the paucity of proper diagnostic tools, detection and classification of AD are considered as a challenging research area. Before a Cognitively normal (CN) person develops symptoms of AD, he may pass through an intermediate stage, commonly known as Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). MCI is having two stages, namely StableMCI (SMCI) and Progressive MCI (PMCI). In SMCI, a patient remains stable, whereas, in the case of PMCI, a person gradually develops few symptoms of AD. Several research works are in progress on the detection and classification of AD based on changes in the brain. In this paper, we have analyzed few existing state-of-art works for AD detection and classification, based on different feature extraction approaches. We have summarized the existing research articles with detailed observations. We have also compared the performance and research issues in each of the feature extraction mechanisms and observed that the AD classification using the wavelet transform-based feature extraction approaches might achieve convincing results

Dual pH and thermoresponsive alternating polyampholytes in alcohol/water solvent mixtures

Synthesis of polyampholytes based on cationic and anionic monomers that exhibit upper critical solution temperature (UCST) behavior is challenging as both the monomers need to be incorporated in stoichiometric amounts. By virtue of their charges, these polymers can exhibit special properties when both their ratios and/or the distance between the two charges are tuned. Here, the synthesis of alternating charge-neutral polyampholytes is described via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) statistical copolymerization of cationic styrenic and anionic N-substituted maleimide monomers. The percentage of N,N-dimethylaminomethylstyrene (DMAMSt) and N-carboxyethylmaleimide (CEMI) monomers in P(DMAMSt-alt-CEMI) copolymers is in 50/50 molar ratios, as confirmed by H-1 NMR measurements during the polymerization of DMAMSt and tBuEMI monomers. The thermoresponsive UCST behavior of the obtained charge neutral polyampholytes is demonstrated in water and alcohol-water (methanol, ethanol and 2-propanol) solvent mixtures. Moreover, the effect of the charge neutral polyampholyte concentration on the UCST phase transition in ethanol/H2O solvent mixtures is discussed. The intermediate tert-butyl protected CEMI-based alternating copolymers P(DMAMSt-alt-tBuEMI) were found to be pH responsive and a diblock copolymer with a poly(N,N-isopropylacrylamide)block(PNIPAM-b-P(DMAMSt-alt-tBuEMI) demonstrated pH and LCST thermoresponsive behavior. These results demonstrate the use of these dual responsive polymers for future work on the exploration of these cationic and thermoresponsive polymers for the development of self-assembled responsive drug carriers

Tuning the LCST and UCST thermoresponsive behavior of poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) by electrostatic interactions with trivalent metal hexacyano anions and copolymerization

Poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) has been reported to show both upper critical solution temperature (UCST) and lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior in presence of trivalent metal hexacyano anions, which is attractive for the development of smart materials. In this communication, the influence of the double thermoresponsive behavior of PDMAEMA driven by electrostatic interactions is investigated by comparing systems with [Co(CN)(6)](3-), [Fe(CN)(6)](3-), and [Cr(CN)(6)](3-) as trivalent anions. Furthermore, tuning of double thermoresponsive behavior of PDMAEMA by incorporating hydrophilic or hydrophobic comonomers is also discussed in the presence of [Fe(CN)(6)](3-) as trivalent ion