Reduction Glossoplasty in a Calf with Bifid Tongue

Background: Fetal malformations are characterized by anatomical changes that compromise an organ or system. Tongue formation in bovines occurs with the fusion of three structures at the end of the fourth week of gestation, and any failure during this stage of embryonic development may lead to tongue malformation. Bifid tongue, also called glossoschisis, is a rare congenital abnormality in any species and is characterized by incomplete fusion of the lateral tongue buds, resulting in a deep groove in the midline of the tongue. The objective of this study was to describe a case of bifid tongue and the procedure of reduction glossoplasty in a calf of the Girolando breed in Tocantins State.Case: A male mixed-breed (Holstein-Friesian × Gir) calf, born from natural mating in the municipality of Araguaína, Tocantins, was clinically assessed in the Sector of Ruminant Clinical Medicine of the Federal University of Tocantins at 2 months of age. The owner reported that the animal exhibited difficulty in suckling after birth and that on inspection of the oral cavity, he observed changes in the tongue and mandible. Clinical examination of the oral cavity revealed the presence of a bifid tongue and abnormal fusion of the mandible in the region of the lower incisive teeth. It was decided to perform a surgical procedure with the aim of improving the animal’s quality of life because the owner wanted to keep it in the farm. An incision was made, followed by removal of the medial rims of the two tines of the tongue, and synthesis was performed, joining the ventral rims of the tongue, beginning at the root and ending at the apex.Discussion: The observed lesions are compatible with bifid tongue and mandibular fissure, both previously reported in other species. The literature has no reports of bifid tongue in bovines. The etiology of fetal malformations is still unclear, and the primary causes known in Brazil include ingestion of toxic plants by the mother, such as Mimosa tenuiflora and Poincianella pyramidalis; infections, with the main viral agents being bovine viral diarrhea virus and blue tongue virus; and teratogenic agents, namely certain medications administered during embryogenesis, e.g., ivermectin. Other potentially teratogenic agents that have not been identified as causes of malformation include radiation, cortisone, benzimidazoles, sulfonamides, folate antagonists, and organophosphates. The intense genetic improvement that the Holstein-Friesian breed has been subjected to, including inbreeding that results in consanguinity, may be a determining factor for the breed carrying mutant alleles. Because the calf in this report was crossbred from parents with Holstein-Friesian ancestry, it could carry mutant alleles that led to the malformation. Another etiology proposed in a study on embryological bases by Goodacre and Wallace (1990) is the persistence of buccopharyngeal membrane and amniotic constriction bands in the region of the branchial arches; this cause cannot be ruled out in the present case. Calves born with fetal malformations generate losses for cattle breeders because the calf dies either before or after birth, which may culminate with the death of the mother or, in cases in which the anomaly is compatible with life, damage to the animal’s development and well-being, as in the present report. Bifid tongue is a rare malformation in bovines, and reduction glossoplasty is essential for the description and improvement of techniques that aid bovine medicine; however, animals subjected to this procedure should not be used for reproduction. 

Trauma in Primary Teeth at a Specialized Service Center: Retrospective Cohort

Objective: To evaluate the factors associated with the occurrence of dental trauma in children up to six years of age and describe the results of clinical follow-up and possible sequelae. Material and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out with data collected from the dental records of 96 pediatric patients up to 6 years old with traumatized primary teeth who sought care from the. Pediatric Dental Trauma project of a private university in the city of Rio de Janeiro from July 2014 to July 2017, and who had clinical and radiographic follow-up for up to three months as of their initial visit. Results: 96 children (58.3% boys and 41.7% girls) included who presented 166 traumatized primary teeth. Intrusion was the most observed type of trauma and in 45.8% of cases, the care occurred one-week post trauma. The maxillary central incisors were the most affected teeth (97.6%). The prognosis of the dental elements with more than 3 months of follow-up was considered favorable, and 59.6% of the teeth did not present any clinical or radiological sequelae. Oral hygiene instruction and monitoring were the most common approaches. Conclusion: The prevalence of dental trauma in the present study was high and occurred mainly in domestic settings. The upper central incisors were the teeth that suffered the most injuries. The presence of patients at follow-up visits was an important factor for the positive result in most cases

Coeficiente de distribuição do inseticida tiametoxam na fração mineral de solos sob efeito de ácidos orgânicos mono, di e tricarboxílicos

The aim of this study was to investigate the sorption and desorption of thiamethoxam in contrasting soils under the effect of organic acids. The results showed that MTo sorption had higher Kd. The presence of organic acids increased sorption and reduced desorption of thiamethoxam at MTo. The opposite was observed for the LVdf where the presence of 400 µmol L-1 of acid reduced the sorption of thiamethoxam in a concentration of 20 µmol L-1, not influencing desorption. The dynamics of organic acids with minerals from the soil particles were clarified by infrared analysis

O efeito da adição da inulina na produção do queijo coalho: avaliação da caracterização

The present work proposed to analyze a coalho cheese with inulin. For that, inulin was added, in the stirring stage, during the process of making the coalho cheese to obtain two samples: SCC (standard coalho cheese) and ICC (coalho cheese with inulin). In the two studied samples, the following analyzes were carried out: pH, acidity, water activity and colorimetric. As well as it was possible to know the effect of the addition of inulin when stored under refrigeration for 14 days from the analysis of instrumental texture profile, melting capacity, acceptability test and purchase intention. The studied coalho cheese samples showed differences in physical-chemical and instrumental parameters evaluated. Inulin contributed to obtaining cheeses with less melting capacity and with a firm, soft texture and little adhesiveness. Both cheeses showed high luminosity (L*) and predominance of yellow color (b*) in detriment of green (a*). The various sensory attributes evaluated by tasters, as well as purchase intention, indicated good results for this new product. The proposed work contributes to the development of a profitable market for new dairy products enriched with physiologically active components, prebiotics, which is currently one of the research priorities of the food industry

The Body as Object of Historical Research: Bibliographic Review

This study aimed at describing, by means of a literature review, some possible meanings of the body through history. This study was conducted by collected bibliographic data of published books in Portuguese in the last 10 years, from known authors, mentioned in articles of anthropology, sociology and psychology. The articles found were organized as research and review articles and later categorized according to the theme. We discussed the possible understanding the meaning of body according with time, looking for its modification and impact

Psychological Factors Related to Fibromyalgia Syndrome Phenomenon

Fibromyalgia is a chronic rheumatic syndrome characterized mainly by diffuse musculoskeletal pain. Its diagnosis is clinical and the presence of 15 to 18 tender specific painful body sites (tender points), with no specific laboratory alterations. It is often associated with other symptoms such as constant fatigue, swelling, morning stiffness, difficulty in memorizing and concentrating, mood swings, anxiety, and depression, among others. This condition mainly affects women, bringing a considerable negative impact on carriers. Pain perception is the result of multiple factors: biological, social, and psychological. This study sought through qualitative research to recognize the psychosocial factors related to fibromyalgia, as well as identify the possible meanings to suffering, seeking to contribute to elucidate the psychogenic phenomena related to the pain of Fibromyalgia Syndrome. Finally, to analyze if patients who are undergoing psychotherapy follow-up benefit from the symptoms caused by chronic pain of fibromyalgia. The result is divided into three categories: Implications of the diagnosis in social relations, repercussions of the diagnosis on the interviewees\u27 quality of life, and psycho-affective symptoms experienced by the interviewed fibromyalgia patients. According to the research, it was observed physical limitation, adding severe pain, memory impairment, concentration, excessive fatigue, resulting in psychic suffering characterized as guilt, frustration, depression, anxiety, and self-image affected. In this study, ten female patients with a mean age of 40.2 years were interviewed, of which 30% are undergoing psychological follow-up, which resulted in greater acceptance of their comorbidity and coping with it

Qualidade de vida sexual em HSH indetectáveis para HIV / Quality of sexual life in MSM untected for HIV

Este estudo exploratório e prospectivo buscou a familiarização com o fenômeno, a percepção e a descoberta de ideias a respeito do objetivo do presente artigo que se baseou em Mensurar a Qualidade de Vida Sexual de HSH Indetectáveis para HIV, bem como Analisar a percepção desta população avaliada sobre o impacto da indetectabilidade na qualidade de sua vida sexual e propor intervenções que possam ser úteis a profissionais e acadêmicos da saúde para mudar um possível cenário negativo. A amostra foi composta por 152 pessoas, sendo esta, composta por indivíduos maiores de 18 anos, Homens Cis, Declarados HSH (homens que fazem sexo com homens) e Indetectáveis para HIV por mais de seis meses. Na pesquisa de campo foram utilizados como instrumento o Quality of Life Questionnaire-Male (SQoL-M) e um questionário simples com perguntas abertas e fechadas

Avaliação do estigma relacionado ao uso de prep em homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH) / Evaluation of the stigma related to the use of prep in men who have sex with men (MSM)

Introdução: A profilaxia de pré-exposição (PrEP) é uma estratégia de prevenção biomédica eficaz comprovada com o potencial para alterar o curso da epidemia de HIV. Pesquisas anteriores relatam várias barreiras ao uso da PrEP entre homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH). Metodologia: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a ocorrência de estigma relacionado ao uso de PrEP em homens que fazem sexo com homens. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório e transversal de caráter quantitativo, sendo utilizado um questionário sociodemográfico e um específico para coleta de dados com três perguntas relacionadas à temática e indagando os indivíduos usuários sobre os estigmas em relação ao uso. A amostra foi determinada por conveniência. Resultados: A totalidade dos participantes se encontra entre a faixa etária de 20 a 54 anos, com média de 33,17 anos. Quando questionados se já haviam deixado de informar que faziam uso da PrEP por pensar que poderiam ser julgados ou tratados diferentemente, 21.43% (6) dos participantes responderam afirmativamente. Referente à ocorrência de experiencias ruins com amigos, familiares, parceiros sexuais ou médicos ao informar fazer uso da PrEP, 46.43% (13) dos participantes responderam afirmativamente. Conclusão: Desenvolver intervenções que reduzam o estigma em contextos clínicos será fundamental para promover o acesso equitativo

Impactos da COVID-19 sobre a enfermagem brasileira: aspectos epidemiológicos / Impacts of COVID-19 on brazilian nursing: epidemiological aspects

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o perfil epidemiológico da COVID-19, doença causada pelo coronavírus, em profissionais da enfermagem atuantes no Brasil, no período de 20 de março a 29 de setembro de 2020. Trata-se de um estudo transversal cujos dados foram extraídos do Observatório da Enfermagem, plataforma criada pelo Conselho Federal da Enfermagem. Foram confirmados 20.489 casos de COVID-19 entre os profissionais da enfermagem no período de estudo. O maior número de casos foi registrado na região nordeste (29,8%), o maior número de óbitos na região sudeste (121) e maior letalidade na região norte (3,03%). O sexo feminino foi o mais acometido (83,40%), sendo que 42,06% dos profissionais infectados apresentavam idade entre 31 e 40 anos. A letalidade foi maior para indivíduos de 61 a 70 anos (21,13%) e 71 a 80 anos (27,58%). A incidência aumentou no mês de outubro, e foi de 248 para cada 100 mil profissionais o risco de contaminação. Conclui-se que a letalidade aumentou de acordo com a idade e que houve um aumento da incidência e redução no número de óbitos de profissionais de enfermagem infectados com COVID-19