Identifying and Evaluating Smart City Marketing Parameters (Case study: Tabriz)

The main goal of this article is to investigate, identify, and rank the factors that influence the development of a sustainable smart city in Tabriz. The statistical population comprises all of Tabriz Municipality's managers, which number 257 at the moment. The data collected using a standard questionnaire of parameters from "A unique taxonomy of smart sustainable city metrics," which was randomly distributed. In addition, descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used. Spss software is also used to analyze data using descriptive statistical methods and conclusions from sample tests and Friedman ranking tests, as well as to execute Econometric operations. The findings suggest that all of the variables affecting the improvement of a sustainable smart city in Tabriz have a direct and relatively strong relationship, with four variables affecting the marketing of a sustainable smart city. The socio-cultural parameter, which has an average rank of 3.80, the governance parameter, that has an average rank of 3.18, the second parameter, the environmental parameter with rank of 2.03, and the economic parameter, with rank of 1.00, all impact on the improvement of a sustainable smart city marketing

Investigation of the growth, motility, and optical properties of microorganisms in active fluids

To have better control over photobioreactors at various operating conditions, it is necessary to characterize microorganisms’ motion, optimize light distribution, and investigate efficient mixing methods in photobioreactors. The second chapter of this thesis aims to develop a theoretical model for the calculation of microorganisms’ optical characteristics. Modeling light transfer in photobioreactors needs accurate input data to solve Maxwell’s equations. Here, input data include absorption properties of the microorganism’s pigment, pigment-content measurement, and the details of the shape and size of the microorganism cells. These input data predicted the optical characteristics of microorganism cells with homogeneous, coated, and heterogeneous geometries. The third chapter reports on experiments that were carried out to investigate the effect of two mixing methods, turbulent stirring and orbitally shaking, on the growth metrics of Synechocystis sp. CPCC 534, and compare them with stationary cultures. The study revealed that stirring Synechocystis cultures can enhance the growth rate, doubling per day, yield, and Chla production in contrast to cultures without any mixing. In the fourth chapter, the motility of wild-type Synechocystis sp. CPCC 534 was investigated to establish a correlation between the evolution of cell motility and cell growth phases during the complete growth cycle of 78 days. Average cell velocity, mean squared displacement (MSD), diffusion coefficient, and displacement probability density function (PDF) were calculated to assess the dynamics of Synechocystis sp. CPCC 534 during the growth period. The obtained results indicate that the age of microorganisms has a notable influence on different aspects of cell motility. Consequently, this can affect the transport characteristics of active suspension. In the final chapter of this thesis, we aimed to examine the transport characteristics of active fluids and passive fluids in a bifurcated microchannel with a rectangular cross-section. A PDMS microchannel was designed and fabricated to investigate the behavior of two fluids in the bifurcated microchannel. Finally, our investigation revealed that passive fluids exhibit higher velocity than active fluids. This difference arises due to the minimal movement of active fluids caused by their run-and-tumble motion

The Effect of Fiscal Decentralization on Under-five Mortality in Iran: A Panel Data Analysis

Background: Fiscal Decentralization (FD) in many cases is encouraged as a strong means of improving the efficiency and equity in the provision of public goods, such as healthcare services. This issue has urged the researchers to experimentally examine the relationship between fiscal decentralization indicators and health outcomes. In this study we examine the effect of Fiscal Decentralization in Medical Universities (FDMU) and Fiscal Decentralization in Provincial Revenues (FDPR) on Under-Five Mortality Rate (U5M) in provinces of Iran over the period between 2007 and 2010. Methods: We employed panel data methods in this article. The results of the Pesaran CD test demonstrated that most of the variables used in the analysis were cross-sectionally dependent. The Hausman test results suggested that fixed-effects were more appropriate to estimate our model. We estimated the fixed-effect model by using Driscoll-Kraay standard errors as a remedy for cross-sectional dependency. Results: According to the findings of this research, fiscal decentralization in the health sector had a negative impact on U5M. On the other hand, fiscal decentralization in provincial revenues had a positive impact on U5M. In addition, U5M had a negative association with the density of physicians, hospital beds, and provincial GDP per capita, but a positive relationship with Gini coefficient and unemployment. Conclusion: The findings of our study indicated that fiscal decentralization should be emphasized in the health sector. The results suggest the need for caution in the implementation of fiscal decentralization in provincial revenues

Feasibility Study of Convolutional Long Short Term Memory Network for Pulmonary Movement Prediction in CT Images

Background: During X-ray imaging, pulmonary movements can cause many image artifacts. To tackle this issue, several studies, including mathematical algorithms and 2D-3D image registration methods, have been presented. Recently, the application of deep artificial neural networks has been considered for image generation and prediction.Objective: In this study, a convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) neural network is used to predict spatiotemporal 4DCT images.Material and Methods: In this analytical analysis study, two ConvLSTM structures, consisting of stacked ConvLSTM models along with the hyperparameter optimizer algorithm and a new design of the ConvLSTM model are proposed. The hyperparameter optimizer algorithm in the conventional ConvLSTM includes the number of layers, number of filters, kernel size, epoch number, optimizer, and learning rate. The two ConvLSTM structures were also evaluated through six experiments based on Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and structural similarity index (SSIM).Results: Comparing the two networks demonstrates that the new design of the ConvLSTM network is faster, more accurate, and more reliable in comparison to the tuned-stacked ConvLSTM model. For all patients, the estimated RMSE and SSIM were 3.17 and 0.988, respectively, and a significant improvement can be observed in comparison to the previous studies. Conclusion: Overall, the results of the new design of the ConvLSTM network show excellent performances in terms of RMSE and SSIM. Also, the generated CT images with the new design of the ConvLSTM model show a good consistency with the corresponding references regarding registration accuracy and robustness

Relationship Between Language Skills and Executive Functions in Hearing Impaired Students with Cochlear Implants

This study aimed to determine the relationship between language and executive functions skills in cochlear implanted students with hearing impairment.The statistical population of the research consists of all students with cochlear implanted hearing impairment studying in regular and exceptional schools in Tehran, with an age range of 7 to 11 years. 58 subjects (30 girls and 28 boys) were selected and evaluated by available sampling method among students with cochlear implanted hearing impairment studying in regular schools (29 people) and exceptional schools (29 people) in the academic year 2018-2019. Executive functions and language skills were assessed with the BRIEF Questionnaire (BRIEF) and Test Of Language Development-Primary:3 (TOLD-P3) in respect. Data analysis using Pearson's correlation test shows a significant positive relationship at P ≥ 0.01 level between language skills with planning components (r=0.646), working memory (r=0.676), inhibition (r=0.617) and total executive functions (r=0.699) of students with cochlear implanted hearing impairment were analyzed with SPSS software version 26.Based on the investigations carried out in this research, it can be reported that language skills have a significant correlation with the components of executive functions. Considering the role of language and executive functions in behavior management, it is necessary to emphasize on an early intervention program to improve these skills in children with hearing impairment

Drug Repurposing for Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) Based on Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a lesser-known eye disease in the world that gradually destroys a person’s vision by creating dark spots in the center of vision. Material and Methods: Samples of AMD-related genes were extracted from the NCBI, then the gene expression network (GCN) was extracted. In addition, pathway enrichment analysis was performed to investigate the role of co-expressed genes in AMD. Finally, the drug-gene interaction network was plotted.Results: The results of this work based on bioinformatics showed that many genes are involved in AMD disease, the most important of which are the genes of TYROBP, LILRB2, LCP2, PTPRC, CFH, SPARC, HTR5A.Overexpression of these genes can be considered as basic biomarkers for this disease, we separated some of which we had from the gene co-expression network and some from the results of genes ontology (genes that have a P value ≤ 0.05). The most important drugs were isolated from the drug-gene network based on degree, which included 5 drugs including ocriplasmin, collagenase clostridium histolyticum, topiramate, primidone, butalbital.Conclusion: Among the genes we found, three genes of CFH, TYROBP, SPARC seem to be more important than the others. Among drugs, ocriplasmin, topiramate, primidone can play a more important role based on the degree in the drug-gene network, because all steps are performed with different bioinformatics methods, clinical trials must confirm or reject the results.Keywords: Age-Related Macular Degeneration; AMD; Co-Expression Network; Drug Repurposing

IMPLICATION OF IMAGES FOR DENTAL IMPLANT TREATMENT PLANNING: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

Abstract. Background and aim: Meanwhile, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has developedrapidly and is now being routinely used for preoperative planning by some implant surgeons. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis, evaluate the Implications for dental implant treatment planning. Method: The search took place between 2010 and 2019. In this study, we first reviewed the abstract of the articles and selected the studies that had the most coordination with our goals, and then we examined the entire text and finally, 4 studies were selected. In addition to reviewing the literature, the results are extracted and enter the meta-analyzer stata14, which summarizes the final results. Result: CBCT observer-based planning gives more homogeneity of treatment plans as compared to the surgical gold standard. Further, complications were predicted better when the planning was based on CBCT images.Conclusion: Hat either PAN or CBCT can be reliably utilized to determine the preoperative implant width.Key words: dental implant, treatment planning, systematic review

Comparison of Hemodynamic Effects of Dose Response vs. Conventional Dosing of Propofol for Anesthesia Induction Under Bispectral Index Monitoring: A Clinical Trial

Propofol is an advantageous agent for anesthesia induction. It can cause dose-related hemodynamic adverse effects. The bispectral index (BIS) is a brain function monitor utilized to assess the depth of anesthesia. This study aimed to compare the adverse hemodynamic effects of BIS-guided response dosing with conventional weight-based dosing of Propofol. In this clinical trial, patients were anesthetized with propofol in two different orthopedic operating rooms. In one operating room, patients received propofol with dose-response method (group A), and the other received weight-based dosing (group B). For both groups, BIS was used as an index of anesthesia depth. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded at baseline, during induction, and at different time points. A total of 73 patients were included in the final analysis. The mean dose of propofol for induction was higher in the control group than in the response-guided group (1.94±1.65 vs. 1.09±0.32, respectively, P=0.006). There were no reported significant adverse hemodynamic effects in patients of the two groups. Response-guided propofol dosing can be used to decrease propofol dose during anesthesia induction. Further studies are needed to investigate the clinical benefit of this dosing strategy

The Effect of Fiscal Decentralization on Under-five Mortality in Iran: A Panel Data Analysis

Background: Fiscal Decentralization (FD) in many cases is encouraged as a strong means of improving the efficiency and equity in the provision of public goods, such as healthcare services. This issue has urged the researchers to experimentally examine the relationship between fiscal decentralization indicators and health outcomes. In this study we examine the effect of Fiscal Decentralization in Medical Universities (FDMU) and Fiscal Decentralization in Provincial Revenues (FDPR) on Under-Five Mortality Rate (U5M) in provinces of Iran over the period between 2007 and 2010. Methods: We employed panel data methods in this article. The results of the Pesaran CD test demonstrated that most of the variables used in the analysis were cross-sectionally dependent. The Hausman test results suggested that fixed-effects were more appropriate to estimate our model. We estimated the fixed-effect model by using Driscoll-Kraay standard errors as a remedy for cross-sectional dependency. Results: According to the findings of this research, fiscal decentralization in the health sector had a negative impact on U5M. On the other hand, fiscal decentralization in provincial revenues had a positive impact on U5M. In addition, U5M had a negative association with the density of physicians, hospital beds, and provincial GDP per capita, but a positive relationship with Gini coefficient and unemployment. Conclusion: The findings of our study indicated that fiscal decentralization should be emphasized in the health sector. The results suggest the need for caution in the implementation of fiscal decentralization in provincial revenues