2 research outputs found
Public Attitudes Toward Psychiatric Hospitals: A Rural-Urban Comparative Public Survey in Odisha State, India
Background: Integration of psychiatric care with public health services and offering mental health care services to patients from lower socioeconomic status remains a global challenge. Scarcity of funds and professional workforce in psychiatric hospitals contribute to this situation. However, negative attitudes in the population are also a known impediment to patients seeking mental health services. This study aimed to assess the attitudes toward psychiatric hospitals among the urban and rural population in India.
Subjects and Methods: The study was carried out amongst the general population in Odisha, India. The total sample (n = 988) includes 496 respondents from an urban-setting, and 492 respondents from rural parts of the district. Participants were selected by using simple random-sampling from the Asian Institute of Public Health (AIPH) data base. A standardized seven-item questionnaire was adopted, with responses indicated on a 5-point Likert-scale. Interviews were fully structured and conducted face-to-face.
Results: Level of education (B = -0.192, ss = -0.320, p < 0.000) and urban-rural comparison (B = -0.272, ss = -0.189, p < 0.000) significantly influenced attitudes toward psychiatric hospitals. Gender, age, and religious beliefs did not show any significant effect on attitudes toward psychiatric hospitals. Individuals in rural areas and those with lower education levels showed more negative attitudes toward psychiatric hospitals.
Conclusion: Negative attitudes toward psychiatric hospitals from those living in rural areas as well as those with lesser education may be reflective of the lack of availability, accessibility, affordability, and credibility of such mental health services. The Mental Health Care Act in India is a progressive legislation which might improve the situation of the provided services and, consequently, reduce negative attitudes in the years to come
Perceived Course of Illness on the Desire for Social Distance From People Suffering From Symptoms of Schizophrenia in India
Background: Stigmatization of people with schizophrenia remains a highly relevant topic
worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like India. It is crucial to
identify the determinants of the desire for social distance as a proxy for discriminatory
behavior in a socio-cultural context to indicate ways to reduce stigma. This study aims to
explore whether the public perception of the perceived course of an illness concerning
people with symptoms of schizophrenia has an impact on the desire for social distance.
Subjects and Methods: Data collection took place in five cities in India. The sample (N
= 447) was stratified for gender, age, and religion. Desire for social distance was sampled
based on a self-reported questionnaire using unlabelled vignettes for schizophrenia. First,
factor analysis was conducted to identify the main factors underlying the perception of
the perceived course of the illness. Subsequently, a regression analysis was conducted
to examine the impact of the perception of those prognostic factors on the desire for
social distance.
Results: Factor analysis revealed two independent factors of the perceived course
of an illness: (1) life-long dependency on others and loss of social integration and
functioning and (2) positive expectations toward treatment outcome. This second factor
was significantly associated with a less desire for social distance toward persons
with schizophrenia.
Conclusion: The desire for social distance toward people with schizophrenia reduces
with the expectation of positive treatment outcomes which underlines the need to raise
public mental health awareness and provide psychoeducation for affected people and
their family members in India. Help-seeking behaviors can be promoted by directing
those needing treatment toward locally available, affordable and credible communitybased
services rather than facility-based care. Strikingly, lifelong dependency and the
inability to socially integrate do not increase the desire for social distance, reflecting the
Indian nation’s socio-relational values and insufficiency of public mental health services.
This indicates the suitability of systemic therapy approaches in public mental healthcare
services to support the family’s involvement and family-based interventions in caregiving
for mentally ill people across the lifespan