3,638 research outputs found
Difficult to Show Properties and Utility Maximizing Brokers
This article is the winner of the Real Estate and the Internet manuscript prize (sponsored by PricewaterhouseCoopers) presented at the American Real Estate Society Annual Meeting. Brokers have long believed that difficult to show properties sell at lower prices and take longer to sell. Where difficult to show properties are defined as those properties that present extraordinary difficulties for a broker in arranging or showing the listing to a particular buyer. Buyersâ recent access to online real estate applications may make the cost of avoiding these properties prohibitive to brokers. Employing a hedonic pricing model and duration modeling techniques, this study finds that property price and marketing time are not significantly affected for these properties. The results suggest that brokers possess limited market power.
History, Activism, Erasure: Archival Paradox as Institutional Practice
This essay connects the reparative assemblages of queer archiving practice to growing conversations in university studies. Tracing the fraught legal history of Penn State Universityâs first âHomophileâ association in the 1970s, this essay theorizes how university recordsâand the processes of recording they indexâparticipate in the creation of institutional identity and help establish institutional relations with their communities. Ultimately, it suggests that archivists and librarians act as mediators, unintentionally or purposefully, of the relations between vulnerable communities and the structures of power in which they are embedded
The Environmental Aspects Of Wave Power
Advocates for all energy technologies must answer the following questions: Is there enough? Is it safe? Is it secure? Is it environmentally acceptable? What are the costs? This paper attempts to answer the questions for wave power
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Caution: examinations in progress - the operation of neighbourhood plan examinations in England
Gavin Parker, Kat Salter and Hannah Hickman look at what experience to date tells us about how the examination stage in the neighbourhood plan production process is being undertaken, and the issues and associated questions emerging from that experience
Inhibition of cyclooxygenase 2 expression by diallyl sulfide on joint inflammation induced by urate crystal and IL-1β
SummaryObjectiveInvestigation of the effects of diallyl sulfide (DAS), a garlic sulfur compound, on joint tissue inflammatory responses induced by monosodium urate (MSU) crystals and interleukin-1β (IL-1β).DesignThe HIG-82 synovial cell line was used to establish the experimental model and DAS regime. Primary cultures of articular chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts obtained from patients undergoing joint replacement for osteoarthritis were used in experimental studies. Cyclooxygenase (COX) expression following MSU crystal and IL-1β stimulation with/without DAS co-incubation was assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blotting, and immunocytochemistry and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). DAS effects on COX gene expression in an MSU crystal-induced acute arthritis in rats were assessed by RT-PCR.ResultsMSU crystals upregulated COX-2 expression in HIG-82 cells and this was inhibited by co-incubation with DAS. DAS inhibited MSU crystal and IL-1β induced elevation of COX-2 expression in primary synovial cells and chondrocytes. Production of PGE2 induced by crystals was suppressed by DAS and celecoxib. MSU crystals had no effect on expression of COX-1 in synovial cells. NF-κB was activated by MSU crystals and this was blocked by DAS. Increased expression of COX-2 in synovium following intraarticular injection of MSU crystals in a rat model was inhibited by co-administration of DAS.ConclusionsDAS prevents IL-1β and MSU crystal induced COX-2 upregulation in synovial cells and chondrocytes and ameliorates crystal induced synovitis potentially through a mechanism involving NF-κB. Anti-inflammatory actions of DAS may be of value in treatment of joint inflammation
Dual-Frequency VSOP Observations of AO 0235+164
AO 0235+164 is a very compact, flat spectrum radio source identified as a BL
Lac object at a redshift of z=0.94. It is one of the most violently variable
extragalactic objects at both optical and radio wavelengths. The radio
structure of the source revealed by various ground-based VLBI observations is
dominated by a nearly unresolved compact component at almost all available
frequencies.
Dual-frequency space VLBI observations of AO 0235+164 were made with the VSOP
mission in January-February 1999. The array of the Japanese HALCA satellite and
co-observing ground radio telescopes in Australia, Japan, China and South
Africa allowed us to study AO 0235+164 with an unprecedented angular resolution
at frequencies of 1.6 and 5 GHz. We report on the sub-milliarcsecond structural
properties of the source. The 5-GHz observations led to an estimate of T_B >
5.8 x 10^{13} K for the rest-frame brightness temperature of the core, which is
the highest value measured with VSOP to date.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures, to appear in Publ. Astron. Soc. Japa
Radio Synchrotron Emission from Secondary Leptons in the Vicinity of Sgr A*
A point-like source of ~TeV gamma-rays has recently been seen towards the
Galactic center by HESS and other air Cerenkov telescopes. In recent work
(Ballantyne et al. 2007), we demonstrated that these gamma-rays can be
attributed to high-energy protons that (i) are accelerated close to the event
horizon of the central black hole, Sgr A*, (ii) diffuse out to ~pc scales, and
(iii) finally interact to produce gamma-rays. The same hadronic collision
processes will necessarily lead to the creation of electrons and positrons.
Here we calculate the synchrotron emissivity of these secondary leptons in the
same magnetic field configuration through which the initiating protons have
been propagated in our model. We compare this emission with the observed ~GHz
radio spectrum of the inner few pc region which we have assembled from archival
data and new measurements we have made with the Australia Telescope Compact
Array. We find that our model predicts secondary synchrotron emission with a
steep slope consistent with the observations but with an overall normalization
that is too large by a factor of ~ 2. If we further constrain our theoretical
gamma-ray curve to obey the implicit EGRET upper limit on emission from this
region we predict radio emission that is consistent with observations, i.e.,
the hadronic model of gamma ray emission can, simultaneously and without
fine-tuning, also explain essentially all the diffuse radio emission detected
from the inner few pc of the Galaxy.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures. Two references missing from published version
added and acknowledgements extende
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