6,069 research outputs found
Analysis of rocket engine injection combustion processes
Mixing methodology improvement for the JANNAF DER and CICM injection/combustion analysis computer programs was accomplished. ZOM plane prediction model development was improved for installation into the new standardized DER computer program. An intra-element mixing model developing approach was recommended for gas/liquid coaxial injection elements for possible future incorporation into the CICM computer program
Sedentary behaviors and adiposity in young people: causality and conceptual model
Research on sedentary behavior and adiposity in youth dates back to the 1980s. Sedentary behaviors, usually screen time, can be associated with adiposity. Although the association usually is small but significant, the field is complex, and results are dependent on what sedentary behaviors are assessed and may be mediated and moderated by other behaviors
Malignant Glaucoma: A Review of the Modern Literature
Malignant glaucoma is a rare form of glaucoma that typically follows surgery in patients with primary angle closure and primary angle-closure glaucoma. In this paper, the clinical features, classification, pathogenesis, and principles of management are discussed. Despite a high prevalence of primary angle closure glaucoma in South-East Asia, the vast majority of cases of malignant glaucoma are reported in White populations. This may reflect differing mechanisms of angle closure in White and Asian patients, which somehow reduces the likelihood of an aberrant relationship developing between the lens, ciliary body, anterior hyaloid, and vitreous structures within the eye. Although the exact underlying pathogenic mechanism remains unclear, the prognosis is good with modern medical, laser, and surgical treatment modalities
Information requirements for supersonic transport operation Final report
Effects of meteorological parameters and instrument errors on vertical flight performance of supersonic transport
Spin-Glass Attractor on Tridimensional Hierarchical Lattices in the Presence of an External Magnetic Field
A nearest-neighbor-interaction Ising spin glass, in the presence of an
external magnetic field, is studied on different hierarchical lattices that
approach the cubic lattice. The magnetic field is considered as uniform, or
random (following either a bimodal or a Gaussian probability distribution). In
all cases, a spin-glass attractor is found, in the plane magnetic field versus
temperature, associated with a low-temperature phase. The physical consequences
of this attractor are discussed, in view of the present scenario of the
spin-glass problem.Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review
The PLATO End-to-End CCD Simulator -- Modelling space-based ultra-high precision CCD photometry for the assessment study of the PLATO Mission
The PLATO satellite mission project is a next generation ESA Cosmic Vision
satellite project dedicated to the detection of exo-planets and to
asteroseismology of their host-stars using ultra-high precision photometry. The
main goal of the PLATO mission is to provide a full statistical analysis of
exo-planetary systems around stars that are bright and close enough for
detailed follow-up studies. Many aspects concerning the design trade-off of a
space-based instrument and its performance can best be tackled through
realistic simulations of the expected observations. The complex interplay of
various noise sources in the course of the observations made such simulations
an indispensable part of the assessment study of the PLATO Payload Consortium.
We created an end-to-end CCD simulation software-tool, dubbed PLATOSim, which
simulates photometric time-series of CCD images by including realistic models
of the CCD and its electronics, the telescope optics, the stellar field, the
pointing uncertainty of the satellite (or Attitude Control System [ACS]
jitter), and all important natural noise sources. The main questions that were
addressed with this simulator were the noise properties of different
photometric algorithms, the selection of the optical design, the allowable
jitter amplitude, and the expected noise budget of light-curves as a function
of the stellar magnitude for different parameter conditions. The results of our
simulations showed that the proposed multi-telescope concept of PLATO can
fulfil the defined scientific goal of measuring more than 20000 cool dwarfs
brighter than mV =11 with a precision better than 27 ppm/h which is essential
for the study of earth-like exo-planetary systems using the transit method.Comment: 5 pages, submitted for the Proceedings of the 4th HELAS International
Conference: Seismological Challenges for Stellar Structur
Slow flows of an relativistic perfect fluid in a static gravitational field
Relativistic hydrodynamics of an isentropic fluid in a gravitational field is
considered as the particular example from the family of Lagrangian
hydrodynamic-type systems which possess an infinite set of integrals of motion
due to the symmetry of Lagrangian with respect to relabeling of fluid particle
labels. Flows with fixed topology of the vorticity are investigated in
quasi-static regime, when deviations of the space-time metric and the density
of fluid from the corresponding equilibrium configuration are negligibly small.
On the base of the variational principle for frozen-in vortex lines dynamics,
the equation of motion for a thin relativistic vortex filament is derived in
the local induction approximation.Comment: 4 pages, revtex, no figur
Velocity profiles in shear-banding wormlike micelles
Using Dynamic Light Scattering in heterodyne mode, we measure velocity
profiles in a much studied system of wormlike micelles (CPCl/NaSal) known to
exhibit both shear-banding and stress plateau behavior. Our data provide
evidence for the simplest shear-banding scenario, according to which the
effective viscosity drop in the system is due to the nucleation and growth of a
highly sheared band in the gap, whose thickness linearly increases with the
imposed shear rate. We discuss various details of the velocity profiles in all
the regions of the flow curve and emphasize on the complex, non-Newtonian
nature of the flow in the highly sheared band.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Let
Velocity Profiles in Slowly Sheared Bubble Rafts
Measurements of average velocity profiles in a bubble raft subjected to slow,
steady-shear demonstrate the coexistence between a flowing state and a jammed
state similar to that observed for three-dimensional foams and emulsions
[Coussot {\it et al,}, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 88}, 218301 (2002)]. For
sufficiently slow shear, the flow is generated by nonlinear topological
rearrangements. We report on the connection between this short-time motion of
the bubbles and the long-time averages. We find that velocity profiles for
individual rearrangement events fluctuate, but a smooth, average velocity is
reached after averaging over only a relatively few events.Comment: typos corrected, figures revised for clarit
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Inter-sectoral Transfer of the Food for Life Settings Framework in England
Organisational settings such as schools, workplaces and hospitals are well recognised as key environments for health promotion. Whilst there is extensive literature on specific types of settings, little empirical research has investigated the transfer of frameworks between sectors. This study analyses Food for Life, an England-wide healthy and sustainable food programme that evolved in schools and is being adapted for children's centres, universities, care homes, and hospital settings. Following a case study design, we interviewed 85 stakeholders in nine settings. Food for Life's systemic framework of 'food education, skills and experience' 'food and catering quality', 'community and partnerships' and 'leadership' carried salience in all types of settings. These were perceived to act both as principles and operational priorities for driving systemic change. However, each setting type differed in terms of the mix of facilitating factors and appropriate indicators for change. Barriers in common included the level of culture-shift required, cost perceptions and organisational complexity. For settings based health promotion practice, this study points to the importance of 'frame-working' (the systematic activity of scoping and categorising the field of change) alongside the development and application of benchmarks to stimulate change. These processes are critical in the transfer of learning from between sectors in a form that balances commonality with sufficient flexibility to adapt to specific settings. Synergy between types of settings is an under-recognised, but critical, part of action to address complex issues such as those emerging from the intersection between food, health and sustainability
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