The study of relationship between serum levels of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 and soluble fibrinogen-like protein 2 with delayed graft function after kidney transplantation

Delayed graft function (DGF) is a transplant complication which means a need to dialysis throughout the first week after transplantation. This study aimed to ascertain the relationship between the two immunomodulatory factors of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) and soluble fibrinogen-like protein 2 (sFGL-2) with DGF after transplantation. This case-control study was done in 2 groups of 58 kidney transplant patients with and without DGF. The control group included the patients who didn't show DGF symptoms. Then, serum levels of sFlt-1and sFGL-2 in all blood samples were measured by ELISA. Serum sFlt-1 and sFGL-2 levels were significantly higher in the DGF group compared to those in the control group (p�0.001). sFlt-1 and sFGL-2 serum levels significantly affect DGF (p<0.001) in such a way that they may be diagnostic factors of DGF. This study showed a significant relationship between sFlt-1 as well as sFGL-2 and DGF. Therefore, plasma levels of sFlt-1 and sFGL-2 may be used as diagnostic tools to determine the risk of DGF. © August 2019, Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol

Effect of Facilitated Tucking with the Nurse and a Simulated Hand on Physiological Pain Index During Vein Puncture on Premature Infants

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Painful and stressful stimuli increase catecholamine, heart rate, blood pressure and increase the intracranial pressure of the baby. Facilitated tucking is a simple technique that makes the baby control her body better. Therefore, this study was performed to compare the effects of fetal status with hands of nurses and simulated hand on the physiological indices of pain during venipuncture in preterm infants. METHODS: The present experimental study was performed on 99 preterm infants admitted to the intensive care unit of Amin and Shahid Beheshti hospitals of Isfahan and in three groups of 33 patients (two groups of test and one control group). In one of the test groups during venipuncture procedure neonates were placed in facilitated tucking by nurse’s hand and in the other group by simulated hands. Before, during and after the intravenous route, the respiratory rate, pulse rate and arterial oxygen saturation were recorded using monitors. FINDINGS: The mean of arterial oxygen saturation during and after venipuncture in the nurses' hand group were (93.04±6.13) and (94.3±56.44) and in simulated hand group were (95.2±21.11) and (94.2±50.86%) which had no significant difference (p<0.05). Between the mean respiratory rate, during and after the venipuncture in the nurses' hand (49.9±85.88) and (54.11±03.85) with simulated hand group (50.64±11.48) and (57.10±96.82) was not significantly different. CONCLUSION: The results of the study showed that the use of nursing hands and simulated hands to put a premature infant in a facilitated tucking is effective equally in controlling the physiological indices

Production of fish cheeses from silver carp by acid coagulation

Fish and fishery products have high nutrition value particularly omega-3 fatty acids. It is expected that the estimated production in 2030 will be 150 to 160 million tones but estimated demand will be 183 million tons. Processing of fish especially (culture fish) is one of the way attentions of people to fish and fishery products. Fish Finger, Fish Berger, Cracker, Fish Ball are the most important of fishery products. In this research was studied production of fish cheese from Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) from sarcoplasmic proteins. After primary preparation of fish (beheading, cutting, filleting and deboning) minced fish was washed with salt solution (0.01, and 0.04 mol) and were isolated sarcoplasmic proteins. Acetic acid (%5) and centrifuge were used for sedimentation and extraction of these proteins. Fifteen formulas were worked for preparing of fish cheese. Minced fish, sedimented protein and fish cheese were examinated for proximal parameters (protein, ash. moisture, carbohydrate and lipid) and microbial and chemical spoilage factors (Total Viable Count, Mold and Yeast, Total Volatile Nitrogen, and Peroxide Value). The shelf life and organoleptic characterization of fish cheese were also surveyed. The results indicated that mean of protein, lipid, ash, moisture and carbohydrate in fish cheese were %14/86, %28/01, %3/46, %48/27, %4/78 respectively. The best formula was treatment of 13 with %18/26 of protein. TVN and PV, in fish cheese, were at standard level but after 30 days stored in 4o C, PV value ere slowly increased. Microbial parameters, in product, (in zero time) were log 3 and 4 but after 30 days were log 4 and 5. Organoleptic factors such as odor, frangibility, taste in fish cheese in zero and 30 days were good and medium respectively. Cost of fish cheese was varied between 2000 to 27000 Rails. As fish cheese is prepared from sarcoplasmic proteins and was not any use from fish tissue, therefore it can be produced as secondary products in processing plants and can be introduced to people as new fish product

Single cell protein production from culture and marine fish wastes

The alarming rate of population growth has increased the demand for food production in third-world countries leading to a yawning gap in demand and supply. This has led to an increase in the number of hungry and chronically malnourished people. This situation has created a demand for the formulation of innovative and alternative proteinaceous food sources. Single cell protein production is a major step in this direction. SCP is the protein extracted from cultivated microbial biomass. Algae, fungi and bacteria are the chief sources of microbial protein that can be utilized as SCP. Produced proteins from these microbes have various nutrition values. SCP is the manufacture of cell mass using microorganisms by culturing on available agriculture, industrial wastes and fisheries by products. Fish wastes due to high protein are the most important substrates for SCP production. In this study, SCP production was done from Silver carp and tuna fish wastes (head, tail and vise versa) and cooked water of canned tuna factories. The used microbes were six genus and species of yeasts include Candida utilis, Saccharomyces cereviceae, Rhodotorula, Khyveromyces marxians, Zygosaccharomyces rouxii and Bacillus subtilis and B.licheniformis. The examination was done in bench scale and CSTR bioreactor (Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor). The effects of various parameters such as pH, temperature, time, supplemented substrates, method of inoculation of microbes, rpm were evaluated. Changes of microbial growth and protein contents were tested by using Optical Density (OD) and Makrokjeldal methods respectively. In end of examination, produced protein were extracted and lyophilized. The results showed that protein percentage in bacterial protein was than yeast protein but wet percentage in bacterial protein was low. Production value produced from tuna fish wastes was higher than (30-45 g/l) to Silver carp wastes (25-29 g/l) and cooked water (10-15 g/l). By adding supplemented substrates, production value has been increased. Candida utilis, in comparison other yeasts, has high activation. B.licheniformis has also had more activation than Bacillus subtilis. The results of the effect some parameters on fermentation showed that yeasts and Bacillus in pH= 5.4 and 32oC and pH=6.9 and 35oC were better than growth pH=6 and 25oC and pH=6.5 and 30oC respectively. Time of fermentation in batch and bioreactor was 54 and 21 hours respectively. High rpm has been caused increasing of microbial growth in bioreactor. The conclusion showed that with optimizing of the growth condition such as some parameters (pH, temperature, substrates and so on) produced SCP with high efficiency. However, produced SCP should be exanimated with other specific tests such as amino acid and fatty acid profiles, minerals, nucleic acids and so on. After full examination, this SCP as probiotic could be used in fish and poultry feed

Measuring Sexual Performance: Development and Psychometric Properties of the Sexual Performance Questionnaire in Iranian People with Spinal Cord Injury

Sexual performance refers to activities served by sexual capacity and motivation. As a culturally sensitive issue, to date the scalar invariance of sexual performance has not been examined for Iranians with spinal cord injuries (SCIs). Aim: To develop and assess properties of an instrument evaluating sexual performance of an Iranian population with SCIs., in Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center (BASIR), Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Using multi-modal methods, we developed and assessed the Sexual Performance Questionnaire (SPQ). This included collecting expert opinions; engaging with patients with SCI referred to BASIR; pilot testing to assess the scale; and a formal investigation. Participants (men = 156, women = 58) completed the SPQ. Internal consistency and reliability were measured using Cronbach’s α coefficient. Content and face validity were examined by academic experts. Construct validity was assessed by examining convergent and discriminant validity. Finally, exploratory factor analysis was used to extract the factor structure of the questionnaire. The Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0.77. There was a significant (p = 0.04) correlation (r = − 0.23) between the SPQ score and age. Those with a partner scored higher (p = 0.001). We found three components: Spouse as initiator, self-initiation, and genital-oriented sex which accounted for 59 of the observed variance. The face and content validity was approved by an expert committee. The development and application of the 13-item SPQ provides a thorough understanding of sexual performance amongst persons with SCI. It facilitates the development of efficient sexual rehabilitation interventions and SCI-specific sexuality education programs. © 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

The comprehensive study of possibility ecological control Mnemiopsis leidyi in Caspian Sea activity: The study and recognization parasitic fauna and Bacterial flore in ctenophore (Mnemiopsis leidyi and Bereo ovata)

Bacterial flora and parasitic fauna of M. leidyi an exotic invader jelly fish to Caspian Sea ecosystem and B. ovata to Black sea an alternative biological control agent was studied. During summer 1382 to spring 1383, using routine Bacteriological work. 72 sample of sea water Caspian Sea obtained from depth 20 and 50 meters, 36 sample of M. leidyi from depth 20 meters, 10 sample of B. ovata and 3 sample of sea water (Black sea) were collected and according to Bacteriological was studied. 216 sample of M. leidyi from depth 10 to 50 meters of Caspian Sea and 47 sample of B. ovata from Black and Marmarreh Sea (Turkey) were collected and was studied. In this study no parasite from was identified in M. leidyi (Caspian sea) but 64 percentage and 73 percentage of B. ovata (Marmarreh and Black sea respectively) contaminated to Trichodina ctenophore at varians concentration B. ovata of Black sea (130 min 1050 max) and B. ovata Marmarre sea (420 min 2100 max). While B. ovata kept at high salinity of 21 ppt was more contaminated with this pretrichial protozoan (Trichodina) than in low salinity (12/5 ppt). in comparision of bacterial flore in two cetenophore (M. leidyi and B. ovata) was observed that some of bacteria such as micrococcus sp, Aeromonas sp. Bacillus coagulans in both ctenophore and some other bacteria such as Agromobacterium and chromobacterium only observed in B. ovata but other researcher have reported fram Caspin sea and some of bacteria to specific Shewanella , Vibrio harveiy and bacillus linens was observed in B. ovata . Of course specific bacteria cannot transfer to Caspian Sea (different of salinity black sea (2/1%) to Caspian Sea (1/25 %)). Therefore if B. ovata to introduce to south Caspian Sea for biological control population M. leidyi. it is necessary at first some of viral pathogen in aquatic animal (fish) such as VNN, IPN,IHN,VHS,SVC was studied and then with confidence 95% non-infestation B. ovata to viruses and pass from bath anti parasite and anti-bacterial must be introduce to south Caspian sea

S100P enhances the motility and invasion of human trophoblast cell lines

S100P has been shown to be a marker for carcinogenesis where its expression in solid tumours correlates with metastasis and a poor patient prognosis. This protein’s role in any physiological process is, however, unknown. Here we first show that S100P is expressed both in trophoblasts in vivo as well as in some corresponding cell lines in culture. We demonstrate that S100P is predominantly expressed during the early stage of placental formation with its highest expression levels occurring during the first trimester of gestation, particularly in the invading columns and anchoring villi. Using gain or loss of function studies through overexpression or knockdown of S100P expression respectively, our work shows that S100P stimulates both cell motility and cellular invasion in different trophoblastic and first trimester EVT cell lines. Interestingly, cell invasion was seen to be more dramatically affected than cell migration. Our results suggest that S100P may be acting as an important regulator of trophoblast invasion during placentation. This finding sheds new light on a hitherto uncharacterized molecular mechanism which may, in turn, lead to the identification of novel targets that may explain why significant numbers of confirmed human pregnancies suffer complications through poor placental implantation

A systematic review of sarcopenia prevalence and associated factors in people living with human immunodeficiency virus

People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) appear to be at an increased risk of sarcopenia, which can have a devastating effect on their life due to consequences such as physical disability, poor quality of life, and finally death. This systematic review examined sarcopenia prevalence and its associated factors in PLWH. A systematic search was conducted using the keywords in the online databases including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane databases from the dates of inception up to May 2022. The retrieved articles underwent a two-step title/abstract and full-text review process, and the eligible papers were selected and included in the qualitative synthesis. Data relating to the study population, purpose of study, gender, age, race, body mass index, medical history, paraclinical results and antiretroviral therapy as associated factors of sarcopenia were extracted. In addition, the prevalence of sarcopenia in PLWH and its promoting and reducing factors were also extracted. We reviewed the 14 related studies for identifying of sarcopenia prevalence and its associated factors in PLWH. The total number of PLWH in all the reviewed studies was 2592. There was no criterion for the minimum number of people with HIV and the lowest number of PLWH was 27, and the highest number was 860. Some studies reported a significantly higher prevalence of sarcopenia in HIV-infected individuals compared with HIV-negative controls as follows: 24.2–6.7%, 15–4% and 10–6%, respectively. We showed that, age (30–50 years), being female, >5 years post-HIV diagnosis, multiple vertebral fractures, cocaine/heroin use and lower gamma-glutamyl transferase level were the main promoting factors of sarcopenia. Higher educational level, employment, physical exercise, calf circumference >31 cm, and gait speed >0.8 m/s were also factors to reduce sarcopenia. Sarcopenia prevalence in PLWH is higher than HIV-negative population. Given the importance and prevalence of sarcopenia among PLWH and its associated consequences (i.e., mortality and disability), determining its risk factors is of great importance. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society on Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders

Scenario-Driven Supply Chain Charaterization Using a Multi-Dimensional Approach

Extreme disruptive events, such as the volcano eruption in Iceland, the Japanese tsunami, and the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as constant changes in customers’ needs and expectations, have forced supply chains to continuously adapt to new environments. Consequently, it is paramount to understand the supply chain characteristics for possible future scenarios, in order to know how to respond to threats and take advantage of the opportunities that the next years will bring. This chapter focuses on describing the characteristics of the supply chain in each of the six macro-scenarios presented in Sardesai et al. (2020b), as final stage of the scenario building methodology. Supply chains for each scenario are characterized in eight dimensions: Products and Services, Supply Chain Paradigm, Sourcing and Distribution, Technology Level, Supply Chain Configuration, Manufacturing Systems, Sales Channel, and Sustainability

In Vitro Comparison of Instrumentation Time and Cleaning Capacity between Rotary and Manual Preparation Techniques in Primary Anterior Teeth

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the cleaning ability and instrumentation time of manual and rotary methods used for preparation of primary an-terior teeth.Materials and Methods: Forty-four primary anterior teeth were used in this experi-mental study. Access cavities were prepared and India ink was injected into the canals. The samples were divided into three groups according to the instrument and preparation technique. In group I the root canals were manually instrumented with K-files. Rotary Flexmaster instruments were used for canal preparation in Group II, and the samples in Group III (control) were not instrumented. After canal preparation, the teeth were cleared with methyl salicilate and the removal of India ink was measured in the cervical, middle and apical thirds. The incidence of file breakage and instrumentation time was recorded in the three study groups. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney and t-tests.Results: There was no significant difference in cleaning capacity between the two tech-niques, but a significant difference was found between the experimental and control groups. Working time was significantly shorter when using the rotary system. No file fracture was observed during the study period.Conclusion: Regarding the shorter working time for rotary instrumentation and the similar cleaning ability of the two techniques, the application of the rotary system is suggested for preparation of decidious root canals during pulpectomy