Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation of Active Constituents in Callus of Lavandula angustifolia plant in Vitro

صممت هذه الدراسة لانشاء مزرعة لكالس نبات اللافندر وتقدير محتواه من الزيت الطيار وقورنت كمية الزيت المستخلص من الكالس مع كمية الزيت المستخلص من الاوراق .استحث الكالس من اجزاء من اوراق نبات اللافندر على الوسط الغذائي موراشيج وسكوج MS مع اضافة تراكيز مختلفة من منظمات النمو وهي نفثالين استيك اسد NAA والبنزل ادنينBA . تم الحصول على اعلى وزن طري للكالس من التوليفة 10ملغم/لترNAA و3 ملغم/لترBA حيث بلغت 18غم بعد اربع اسابيع من الزرع . واظهرت النتائج بان كمية الزيت الطيار المستخلص من هذا الكالس كانت 6 مل مقارنة مع كمية الزيت المستخلص من 18 غم من الاوراق وكانت 0.5مل. استخدمت تقنية كروموتوغرافيا الغاز السائل GC-MAS لمعرفة كمية ونوعية المركبات الفعالة الموجودة في الزيت الطيار وبينت النتائج اكثر االمركبات تفوقا هي حامض اللينولك وبلغت نسبته 56.61% وحامض الاوليك وكانت نسبته 57.93%..This study was conducted to describe a protocol for the callus establishing culture of Lavandula angustifolia plant and estimating their content of volatile oil. The quantity of volatile oil callus tissues was compared with that of leaves production. Callus was induced from leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and Benzyl adenine (BA) in different concentrations. Maximum callus fresh weight was obtained in the combination of 10 mg/L BA and 3 mg/L NAA which reached 18 g after four weeks. The results of this work showed that the  quantity of volatile oil from the highest fresh weight callus was 6 ml compared with quantity of 18g of leaves which gave 0.5 ml. Volatile oil of leaf and callus extracts were analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry method (GC-MS) which showed linoleic acid (56.61%) and oleic acid (57.93%) as main components

Accounting Treatment of Drilling and Development Expenses Between the International Reporting Standard Ifrs 6 and the Unified Accounting System (A Comparative Study)

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to identify the accounting treatments for drilling and development expenses in the Iraqi oil companies according to the unified accounting system, and to indicate the extent of compatibility and difference in the treatment of drilling and development expenses between the unified accounting system and the International Financial Reporting Standard IFRS 6.   Theoretical framework: The oil industry includes many activities and operations, starting from research and exploration operations through drilling and development operations, and ending with extracting oil from the well and delivering it to the consumer or transferring it to the refining industry. During these activities expenses are realized that should be accounted for in a way that ensures compliance with international standards for the oil industry as Iraq particularly witness a great development in the oil industry represented in dealing with foreign oil investment companies which means the need to standardize accounting treatments for the oil industry between local oil companies and foreign oil companies.   Design/methodology/approach: The research used comparative descriptive approach by comparing the accounting treatment of drilling and development expenses under the International Financial Reporting Standard IFRS 6 and the unified accounting system applied in Iraq represented by the Basra Oil Company and the Iraqi Drilling Company.   Findings:  One of the most important findings of the research is the concord of the method used by the Basra Oil Company in capitalizing drilling expenses at the expense of wells under operation with the philosophy of the total cost method approved by the standard. However, this agreement is conditional on the absence of dry wells. If the drilling operations resulted in the presence of non-productive or productive wells but in uneconomical quantities, the treatment becomes not compatible with the standard.   The practical and social implications: The Basra Oil Company treats all development (maintenance) expenses as operating expenses that are closed at the end of the year in the income statement, this it is not consistent with the philosophy of Standard No. 6 which states that development expenses that aim to maintain the production capacity of the well should be treated as operating expenses, but if development expenses that aim to increase the production capacity of the well must be capitalized on the cost of the well.   Originality/ Value: The importance of the research comes from the need to work on applying the requirements of the International Financial Reporting Standard IFRS 6 in accounting treatments for oil expenditures, including drilling and development expenses in Iraqi oil companies

Extra-renal Wilms’ Tumor in a child: A Case Report

 Wilms’ tumor is one of the most common abdominal tumor of childhood, primarily a malignant renal tumor.  Extrarenal wilms’ tumor, however, is a rare disease, more commonly reported in Indian subcontinent. The locations of an extrarenal wilms’ tumor include retroperitoneum, uterus, skin and thorax

Text Summarizing and Clustering Using Data Mining Technique

Text summarization is an important research topic in the field of information technology because of the large volume of texts, and the large amount of data found on the Internet and social media. The task of summarizing the text has gained great importance that requires finding highly efficient ways in the process of extracting knowledge in various fields, Thus, there was a need for methods of summarizing texts for one document or multiple documents. The summarization methods aim to obtain the main content of the set of documents at the same time to reduce redundant information. In this paper, an efficient method to summarize texts is proposed that depends on the word association algorithm to separate and merge sentences after summarizing them. As well as the use of data mining technology in the process of redistributing information according to the (K-Mean) algorithm and the use of (Term Frequency Inverse Document Frequency TF-IDF) technology for measuring the properties of summarized texts. The experimental results found that the summarization ratios are good by deleting unimportant words. Also, the method of extracting characteristics for texts was useful in grouping similar texts into clusters, which makes this method possible to be combined with other methods in artificial intelligence such as fuzzy logic or evolutionary algorithms in increasing summarization rates and accelerating cluster operations

Studying the Effect of COVID-19 on Liver Enzymes and Lipid Profile in Iraqi Recovering Patients

ثبت ان كوفيد-19 يؤثر على العديد من أجهزة وأنظمة الجسم . بما في ذالك الكبد,. كان الهدف من الدراسة تقييم تأثير كوفيد-19 على انزيمات الكبد واختبارات الدهون للأشخاص المتعافين من كوفيد-19 .وسائل تحقيق الهدف تقييم مستويات ( ناقل امين الاسبارتيت (AST ), وناقل امين الالانين (ALT), وانزيم الفوسفاتيز القلوي (ALP), وسكر الدم العشوائي (    (RBSواختبارات الدهون (الدهون الثلاثية (TG) ,الكولستيرول , البروتين الدهني ذو الكثافة العالية (LDH), البروتين الدهني ذو الكثافة المنخفضة (LDL), البروتين الدهني ذوالكثافة المنخفضة جدا (VLDL), تم جمع 120 عينة ,منها 50 شخص اصحاء ,لم يتعرضوا للفايروس و70  شخصا متعافين من مرض كوفيد-19. أظهرت أنزيمات الكبد اختلافات معنوية وزيادة في مستويات ناقل امين الاسبارتيت (AST ), وناقل امين الالانين (ALT), وانزيم الفوسفاتيز القلوي (ALP) بين المجموعتين حيث كانت قيمة  p> 0.001 وكذالك أظهر ملف الدهون اختلافات واضحة , حيث بين زيادة في مستوى الكولسترول ,الدهون الثلاثية , البروتين الدهني المنخفض الكثافة (LDL), البروتين الدهني ذو الكثافة المنخفضة جدا (VLDL), وانخفاض في مستوى  البروتين الدهني عالي الكثافة (LDH) في مجموعة الأشخاص المتعافين من كوفيد-19 مقارنة بالأصحاء (p> 0.001). اما مستوى سكر الدم العشوائي (RBS)  فلم يظهر أي فرق معنوي (p-value) (0.062) ,كذالك مؤشر كتلة الجسم BMI والعمر لم يضهر هناك فرق معنوي بين المجموعتين.  خلاصة هذا البحث ان الأشخاص المتعافين من كوفيد-19 تسبب لهم اضطرابات في انزيمات الكبد وملف الدهون.  The Covid-19 virus disease has been shown to affect numerous organs and systems including the liver. The study aimed to compare lipid profiles and liver enzyme levels in individuals who had recovered from Covid-19 infection. To achieve the study objectives, liver Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP),  Random Blood Sugar (RBS) and Lipid profile which include cholesterol, High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Triglycerides (T.G), Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), and Very low-density Lipoprotein (VLDL) were determined. One hundred twenty serum samples were obtained, of which fifty samples were utilized as the control healthy persons (not affected by COVID) and seventy samples came from COVID-19 patients who had recovered. Liver enzymes showed a significant increase in serum AST, ALT, and ALP between the two groups (p-values) of 0.001. The lipid profile demonstrated notable ariations which showed an increase in cholesterol, TG, LDL, and VLDL., as well as a decrease in HDL level in the recovered patients’ group compared to the control (p-values) with a value of 0.001. There were no significant differences in RBS between the recovered patients’ group as compared with the control, (p-value) (0.062). Also, body mass index )BMI( and age showed no significant differences. This study concluded that Covid 19 survivors experienced issues with their lipid profiles and liver enzyme

Skin markers and the prediction of intraabdominal adhesion during second Cesarean delivery

Objectives: The aim of the present study has been to examine skin scar characteristics and striae gravidarum, considering the reliability of each for predicting adhesions in repeat Caesarean sections.  Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was done over a period of two years. One hundred pregnant women were invited to participate in the study. Preoperatively, abdominal scar features (according to the scar’s appearance) and stria gravidarum were both recorded.Then, at the time of surgery, intraabdominal adhesions were graded according to the modified Nair’s classification.  Results: Among the skin markers, abdominal scar width (p = 0.001), depressed scar (p = 0.002) and striae colour grading (p = 0.0183) were found to have significant associations with intraabdominal adhesions; yet all were of low validity.  Conclusions: Despite growing interest in the use of skin markers in the prediction of intraabdominal adhesions at the time of repeat CS, the present study demonstrates that these markers may not be reliable.

Study ABO / Rh Systems with IL-18 & IL-33 in Iraqi Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type II

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorder disease. The inflammatory markers act as a new risk factor for development of type 2 diabetes with a possible association with ABO/Rh blood groups. Human ABO genes are located on chromosome 9q34.1-q34.2. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between inflammatory markers, interleukin (IL) -18 and IL-33 in type 2DM and ABO blood groups. Sixty four patients with newly diagnosed type2 DM and control group consist of twenty healthy Iraqi individual. Laboratory test were include ABO blood groups using standard serological procedures and detection IL-18 and IL-33 in serum by ELISA kits. The Present data showed a significant increase in the serum level of IL-18 between type 2 DM patients and control, while there was no significant difference in the serum level of IL-33. At the same time both study blood groups O patients & control showed lowest level of serum IL-18, while blood group A with allele A showed less concentration of IL-33 in patients & control. Blood group O showed the highest percentage in patients & control, also Rh positive showed higher percentage. In conclusion, positive relation between IL-18 concentration and risk of type 2 DM, thus may be a predictor for newly diagnostic diabetic patient, while Serum levels of IL-33 might be a predictor marker of disease progression. No associations were found between ABO & Rh groups with type 2 DM

Analysis of primary metabolites, inorganic phosphate, selected heavy metals and radioactive contamination in imported rice in Bahrain

Rice plays an important role in the diet of Bahraini people. Rice is usually imported from different countries to Bahrain, as Bahrain does not produce rice. The sources of rice and their growth conditions vary from a country to another, this directly affects the quality of rice and thus it is necessary to analyse the rice content as it has a direct impact on society’s diet. In the present study, the protein content, carbohydrate content, inorganic phosphate content, selected heavy metals (Al, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) content of 8 rice samples imported in Bahrain were analysed. In addition, the gamma radiation activity concentration of all samples was measured. The rice samples analysed were glutinous rice (from Thailand), long grain parboiled rice (from Thailand), Basmati rice (from Pakistan), Punjabi basmati rice (from Pakistan), brown rice (from U.S.A.), white pudding rice (from U.K.), jasmine rice (from Italy), and organic white rice (from Slovenia). The highest protein content and inorganic phosphate content was determined in Basmati rice from Pakistan. The highest carbohydrate content and Al content were determined in long grain parboiled rice from Thailand. Brown rice from the U.S.A. had the highest Cu, Mn, and Zn content, while the highest Fe content was determined in Jasmine rice from Italy. The lowest radioactive contaminated rice was the organic white rice from Slovenia

The Obelisk About Him in the Iraqi Theatrical Discourse

المسرح هو المكان الذي تُصان فيه كل الأفكار والرؤى الفنية الممنوعة من قبل التابوات (السياسية ـ الاجتماعية ـ الدينية) لمعالجةِ حاجات الفرد ومعرفة معاناته بطرائق غير مباشرة, تصل إلى المتلقي عن طريق رؤى حوارية جمالية إخراجية سينوغرافية بشكل مخفٍ مسكوت عنه أو بشكل مرئي علني. تخصصت هذه الدراسة بالكشف عن المسكوت عنه في الخطاب المسرحي العراقي وقد ضمت أربعة فصول: تضمن الفصل الأول الإطار المنهجي للبحث, والذي ضم مشكلة البحث كيف تمثل المسكوت عنه في الخطاب المسرحي العراقي؟ وأهمية البحث وهدف البحث الذي تحدد في كشف آليات اشتغال المسكوت عنه في الخطاب المسرحي العراقي. أما حدوده فقد اقتصرت على العروض المسرحية في المسرح الوطني في العاصمة بغداد للمدة من (2005- 2015م). وأختتم الفصل بتعريف المصطلحات. أما الفصل الثاني: الإطار النظري, تضمن ثلاثة مباحث. ضم المبحث الأول: المسكوت عنه مفاهيمياً, المبحث الثاني: المسكوت عنه في طروحات علم النفس, المبحث الثالث: المسكوت عنه في الخطاب المسرحي العالمي. واختتم الفصل بالدراسات السابقة ومناقشاتها وما أسفر عنه الإطار النظري. في حين ضم الفصل الثالث:  إجراءات البحث, وهي مجتمع البحث وأدواته ومنهج البحث وتحليل العينة (مسرحية أحلام كارتون تأليف كريم شغيدل وإخراج كاظم النصار 2013م). أما الفصل الرابع: فقد احتوى على النتائج والاستنتاجات و التوصيات و أيضا ضم قائمة المصادر والمراجعThe theater is the place where all the ideas and artistic visions forbidden by the taboos (social and religious politics) are stored to address the individual's needs and to know his suffering in indirect ways, reaching the recipient through a cinematic. This study was devoted to uncovering the silence in the Iraqi theater discourse. It included four chapters: The first chapter included the methodological framework of the research, which included the problem of research. How is the silence represented in the Iraqi theater discourse? And the importance of research and research objective, which is identified in the detection mechanisms of the silent operation in the Iraqi theater discourse. The limits were limited to theatrical performances in the National Theater in Baghdad for the period (2005 - 2015). The chapter concludes with the definition of terms.                                                             Chapter Two: Theoretical framework, which included three questions. Combining the first topic: The concept of silence, concept, the second topic: the silent in the proposals of psychology, the third topic: silent in the world theater discourse. The chapter concluded with previous studies, discussions and the theoretical framework. While the third chapter included: research procedures, the research community and its tools and the methodology of research and analysis of the sample (play Ahlam Carton by Karim Shugaidl and directed by Kazem Al-Nassar 2013).                           Chapter 4 contains the findings, conclusions and recommendations, as well as a list of sources and references.                                                                                          &nbsp