Surto de criptosporidiose em bezerros no Sul do Rio Grande do Sul

Descrevem-se os aspectos epidemiológicos, sinais clínicos e a patologia de um surto de criptosporidiose em bezerros na região Sul do Rio Grande do Sul. De um lote de 400 bezerros de 30-45 dias de idade, 35 adoeceram e 16 morreram. Os bezerros nasciam fracos e logo após o nascimento apresentavam diarreia amarela, emagrecimento progressivo, desidratação, depressão e morte entre 10 e 15 dias após o início dos sinais clínicos. Na necropsia havia congestão dos vasos sanguíneos intestinais e mesentéricos. Havia distensão intestinal por gás e dilatação de vasos linfáticos. Microscopicamente havia achatamento das vilosidades intestinais, com necrose e atrofia. Aderidas à superfície das células epiteliais das vilosidades, havia estruturas puntiformes basofílicas de 2-5µm de diâmetro compatíveis com Cryptosporidium spp. A microscopia eletrônica revelou a presença de diferentes estágios do agente aderidos às microvilosidades de enterócitos. Alerta-se para a importância da criptosporidiose como agente primário de diarreia em bezerros. São necessárias medidas preventivas no que se refere ao manejo para diminuir as perdas econômicas e a contaminação ambiental, e, ainda, diminuir o risco para a saúde pública

Genome-wide association meta-analysis of childhood and adolescent internalising symptoms.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the genetic architecture of internalizing symptoms in childhood and adolescence. METHOD: In 22 cohorts, multiple univariate genome-wide association studies (GWASs) were performed using repeated assessments of internalizing symptoms, in a total of 64,561 children and adolescents between 3 and 18 years of age. Results were aggregated in meta-analyses that accounted for sample overlap, first using all available data, and then using subsets of measurements grouped by rater, age, and instrument. RESULTS: The meta-analysis of overall internalizing symptoms (INToverall) detected no genome-wide significant hits and showed low single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) heritability (1.66%, 95% CI = 0.84-2.48%, neffective = 132,260). Stratified analyses indicated rater-based heterogeneity in genetic effects, with self-reported internalizing symptoms showing the highest heritability (5.63%, 95% CI = 3.08%-8.18%). The contribution of additive genetic effects on internalizing symptoms appeared to be stable over age, with overlapping estimates of SNP heritability from early childhood to adolescence. Genetic correlations were observed with adult anxiety, depression, and the well-being spectrum (rg> 0.70), as well as with insomnia, loneliness, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism, and childhood aggression (rangerg = 0.42-0.60), whereas there were no robust associations with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or anorexia nervosa. CONCLUSION: Genetic correlations indicate that childhood and adolescent internalizing symptoms share substantial genetic vulnerabilities with adult internalizing disorders and other childhood psychiatric traits, which could partially explain both the persistence of internalizing symptoms over time and the high comorbidity among childhood psychiatric traits. Reducing phenotypic heterogeneity in childhood samples will be key in paving the way to future GWAS success