Stratégies d'urbanisation dans la zone Asie-Pacifique

Rapport sur le séminaire d'experts, ONU-Comission économique et sociale pour l'Asie et le Pacifique, ministère des affaires étrangère

Nanoscale Precipitation, Recovery and Grain Growth in ODS Steel Particles

International audienc

Nanoscale Precipitation, Recovery and Grain Growth in ODS Steel Particles

International audienc

In situ characterization of microstructural instabilities: Recovery, recrystallization and abnormal growth in nanoreinforced steel powder

International audience: An in situ X-ray diffraction experiment was set up to study the microstructural evolution of a nanostructured oxide dispersion-strengthened ferritic steel produced by high-energy ball milling. Dislocation density and grain growth between 20 and 1100 degrees C were quantified by coupling-modified Williamson-Hall and Warren-Averbach methods. During the early stages of heating, recovery through the rearrangement of dislocations increases the coherent domain size from 23 to about 60 nm. Once the annealing temperature reaches 800 degrees C, recrystallization starts. Using a specific analysis of 2-D detector signal, it has been possible to grasp the occurrence of abnormal growth leading to bimodal grain size distribution with both ultrafine grains and coarser micronic grains. The grain growth kinetics upon heating were determined for both populations and separately quantified. Ultrafine grains exhibit a continuous moderate growth rate, leading to continuous recrystallization, whereas specific grains experience a rapid abnormal growth up to their final size after a short incubation time

Oxide dispersion strengthened ferritic steels: a basic research joint program in France

International audienceAREVA, CEA, CNRS, EDF and Mecachrome are funding a joint program of basic research on Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Steels (ODISSEE), in support to the development of oxide dispersion strengthened 9-14% Cr ferritic-martensitic steels for the fuel element cladding of future Sodium-cooled fast neutron reactors. The selected objectives and the results obtained so far will be presented concerning (i) physical-chemical characterisation of the nano-clusters as a function of ball-milling process, metallurgical conditions and irradiation, (ii) meso-scale understanding of failure mechanisms under dynamic loading and creep, and, (iii) kinetic modelling of nano-clusters nucleation and alpha/alpha' unmixing. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Influence of oxide volume fraction on abnormal growth of nanostructured ferritic steels during non-isothermal treatments: An in situ study

International audienceNanostructured ferritic steels were mechanically alloyed with various contents of oxide-forming yttrium and titanium (0, 0.05, 0.3 and 1 wt%). The microstructure evolution of the milled powders during non-isothermal annealing treatments was studied using in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Recrystallization and grain growth were quantified upon heating up to 1100 degrees C, which is the typical consolidation temperature for nanostructured ferritic steels. The temperature where abnormal grain growth occurs is observed to increase with the volume fraction of oxide nanoparticles. This demonstrates the interest of increasing the amount of alloying elements to limit the formation of the bi-modal grain microstructure. Using the nanoscale characterization of the precipitation state, the size of retained ultrafine grains (UFG) in the bimodal microstructure was found to be in agreement with the modified Zener theory demonstrating that the microstructure of ultrafine-grained steels can be tailored by the amount and size of second-phase particle