Development Of A Simulation Toolkit For Electrical Capacitance Tomography.

This paper describes a software tool that implements a two-dimensional finite element (FE) model for the simulation of capacitance readings from a specified electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) system

Signal-to-noise ratio of Gaussian-state ghost imaging

The signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of three Gaussian-state ghost imaging configurations--distinguished by the nature of their light sources--are derived. Two use classical-state light, specifically a joint signal-reference field state that has either the maximum phase-insensitive or the maximum phase-sensitive cross correlation consistent with having a proper $P$ representation. The third uses nonclassical light, in particular an entangled signal-reference field state with the maximum phase-sensitive cross correlation permitted by quantum mechanics. Analytic SNR expressions are developed for the near-field and far-field regimes, within which simple asymptotic approximations are presented for low-brightness and high-brightness sources. A high-brightness thermal-state (classical phase-insensitive state) source will typically achieve a higher SNR than a biphoton-state (low-brightness, low-flux limit of the entangled-state) source, when all other system parameters are equal for the two systems. With high efficiency photon-number resolving detectors, a low-brightness, high-flux entangled-state source may achieve a higher SNR than that obtained with a high-brightness thermal-state source.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures. This version incorporates additional references and a new analysis of the nonclassical case that, for the first time, includes the complete transition to the classical signal-to-noise ratio asymptote at high source brightnes

Coherent Molecular Optics using Sodium Dimers

Coherent molecular optics is performed using two-photon Bragg scattering. Molecules were produced by sweeping an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate through a Feshbach resonance. The spectral width of the molecular Bragg resonance corresponded to an instantaneous temperature of 20 nK, indicating that atomic coherence was transferred directly to the molecules. An autocorrelating interference technique was used to observe the quadratic spatial dependence of the phase of an expanding molecular cloud. Finally, atoms initially prepared in two momentum states were observed to cross-pair with one another, forming molecules in a third momentum state. This process is analogous to sum-frequency generation in optics

Brain lateralization and self-reported symptoms of ADHD in a population sample of adults:A dimensional approach

Many clinical studies reported a compromised brain lateralization in patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) without being conclusive about whether the deficit existed in the left or right hemisphere. It is well-recognized that studying ADHD dimensionally is more controlled for comorbid problems and medication effects, and provides more accurate assessment of the symptoms. Therefore, the present study applied the dimensional approach to test the relationship between brain lateralization and self-reported ADHD symptoms in a population sample. Eighty-five right-handed university students filled in the Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scales and performed a lateralization reaction time task. The task consists of two matching conditions: one condition requires nominal identification for letters tapping left hemisphere specialization (Letter Name-Identity condition) and the other one requires physical and visuospatial identification for shapes tapping right hemisphere specialization (Shape Physical-Identity condition). The letters or shapes to be matched are presented in left or right visual field of a fixation cross. For both task conditions, brain lateralization was indexed as the difference in mean reaction time between left and right visual field. Linear regression analyses, controlled for mood symptoms reported by a depression, anxiety and stress scale, showed no relationship between the variables. These findings from a population sample of adults do not support the dimensionality of lateralized information processing deficit in ADHD symptomatology. However, group comparison analyses showed that subjects with high level of inattention symptoms close to or above the clinical cut-off had a reduced right hemisphere processing in the Shape Physical-Identity condition

The effect of build orientation and surface modification on mechanical properties of high speed sintered parts

High speed sintering is a novel additive manufacturing technology that uses inkjet printing and infra-red energy to selectively sinter polymeric powder. The research presented here investigates the effect of build orientation on dimensional accuracy, density, mechanical properties and surface roughness of high speed sintered parts. Tensile specimens were built through seven different angles between and including the XY (horizontal) and ZY (vertical) planes and analysed. The effect of the PUSh™ process was also investigated across this range of build orientations. The results show that build orientation does infuence the properties of the parts. A number of mechanical properties showed a relationship with build orientation. Density was seen to decrease as the angle increased from XY towards ZY. This increase in angle was shown to increase surface roughness while ultimate tensile strength and elongation at break decreased. At all build orientations, the PUSh™ process significantly reduces surface roughness, mildly increases part density and had a small effect on ultimate tensile strength whilst showing a small but consistent increase in elongation at break

Dispersive Optical Interface Based on Nanofiber-Trapped Atoms

We dispersively interface an ensemble of one thousand atoms trapped in the evanescent field surrounding a tapered optical nanofiber. This method relies on the azimuthally-asymmetric coupling of the ensemble with the evanescent field of an off-resonant probe beam, transmitted through the nanofiber. The resulting birefringence and dispersion are significant; we observe a phase shift per atom of $\sim$\,1\,mrad at a detuning of six times the natural linewidth, corresponding to an effective resonant optical density per atom of 0.027. Moreover, we utilize this strong dispersion to non-destructively determine the number of atoms.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Role of entanglement in two-photon imaging

The use of entangled photons in an imaging system can exhibit effects that cannot be mimicked by any other two-photon source, whatever the strength of the correlations between the two photons. We consider a two-photon imaging system in which one photon is used to probe a remote (transmissive or scattering) object, while the other serves as a reference. We discuss the role of entanglement versus correlation in such a setting, and demonstrate that entanglement is a prerequisite for achieving distributed quantum imaging.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figure

Efisiensi Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Agribisnis Gabungan Kelompok Tani Dalam Pengembangan Usaha Agribisnis Perdesaan: Studi Kasus Di Kabupaten Bantul Tahun 2012

EnglishPolicy to concert Rural Agribusiness Development (PUAP) into Microfinance Institutions for Agribusiness (MFI-A) is a strategic movement in Ministry of Agriculture to solve the finance constraint of small-scale farmers and farm labor. This paper aims to analyze efficiency level of MFI-A of the Farmer Group Association (Gapoktan) and to identify the factors influencing efficiency of MFI-A Gapoktan in Bantul Regency involving 65 MFI-As from March until June 2012. The research applies DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) approach using the assumption of constant return to scale (CRS) and variable return to scale (VRS) with output oriented to measure the efficiency score of each observed MFI-A. This research also employs an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression. Based on DEA-CRS CCR as many as 19 MFI-As (29.23%) are efficient, while based on DEA-VRS BCC total of 33 MFI-As (50,77%) are efficient. Manager\u27s education level, age of MFI-A, time of service, and number of administrators significantly influence efficiency of MFI-A. IndonesianKebijakan Pengembangan Usaha Agribisnis Perdesaan (PUAP) menjadi Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Agribisnis (LKM-A) merupakan langkah strategis Kementerian Pertanian untuk menyelesaikan persoalan pembiayaan petani skala mikro dan buruh tani yang jumlahnya cukup besar di perdesaan. Tujuan kajian ini untuk menganalisis tingkat efisiensi LKM-A gabungan kelompok tani (gapoktan) PUAP di Kabupaten Bantul dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi efisiensi LKM-A Gapoktan PUAP di Kabupaten Bantul. Penelitian dilakukan pada 65 LKM-A gapoktan PUAP di Kabupaten Bantul pada bulan Maret-Juni 2012. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan analisis DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) asumsi constant return to scale (CRS), dan variable return to scale (VRS) dengan output oriented digunakan untuk mengukur skor efisiensi dari masing-masing LKM-A yang diamati. Selanjutnya penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi efisiensinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari perhitungan DEA-CRS versi CCR, sebanyak 19 LKM-A (29,23%) telah efisien, sedangkan dengan perhitungan DEA-VRS versi BCC terdapat sebanyak 33 LKM-A (50,77%) efisien. Tingkat pendidikan manajer, umur LKM-A, waktu pelayanan dan jumlah pengelola memiliki pengaruh dan nyata terhadap efisiensi LKM-A, sedangkan metode pinjaman dan sistem pembiayaan LKM-A tidak berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap efisiensi LKM-A gapoktan PUAP di Kabupaten Bantul