Preparation of some azo compounds by diazotization and coupling of 2- amino -5 – thiol -1,3,4- thiadizaole

2- amino -5- thiol-1,3,4- thiadiazole (S1) was prepared by cyclic locking of thiosemicarbazide in the presence of anhydrous sodium carbonate and CS2. diazotization of (S1) compound gave diazonium salt (S2) that reacts with different activated aromatic compounds to get the following azo compounds ,2 [(4- aminophenyl) diazenyl ] 1,3,4- thiazdiazole-5- thiol (S3) ,2-[4-amino- 1-naphthyl diazenyl] -1,3,4 – thiazdiazole-5-thiol (S4) , 3-amino-4-[(5- mercapto -1,3,4- thiadiazole -2-yl) diazenyl ] phenol(S5) ,1-[(5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl) diazenyl] -2-naphthol (S6) , 5-{[4-(dimethylamino) phenyl] diazenyl}-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2- thiol(S7) ,5-{[4-(diethylamino) phenyl] diazenyl}-1,3,4- thiadiazole-2- thiol(S8) ,2- amino-5-[(5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl) diazenyl] phenol(S9) . All the prepared azo compounds have been characterized and identified through the study of their some physical, chemical and spectrometrical (U.V.I.R) properties

Synthesis of some Schiff's bases derivatives from aminoazo compounds

Reaction of,2- [( 4- amio phenyl ) diazenyl] 1,3,4- thiadiazole -5- thiol (S1) with p- chlorobenzeldehyde,3,4 – dimethoxy benzaldehyde and pyrrol-2- carbonxaldehyde gave -5- [{4-(4-chlorobenzylidene amino) phenyl} diezenyl]-1,3,4- thiadiazole-2- thiol (S2),5-[{ 4-[(3,4- dimethoxybenzyldene )amino phenyl ] diazenyl)-1,3,4- thiadiazole-2-thiol,(S3) and -5- [4-(1,H – pyrrol -2- yl- methylene)amino phenyl] diazenyl)-1,3,4- thiadiazole-2- thiol (S4) respectively as schiff's bases compounds. On the same route-2-[(4-amino-1- naphthyl ) diazenyl] -1,3,4- thiadiazole -5- thiol (S5) reacts with –p- chloro benzaldehyde and –m- nitrobenzaldehyde to give the follwing schiff's bases -5-[{ 4-(4- chloro benzylidene ) amino -1- naphthyl} diazenyl] -1,3,4- thiadiazole -2- thiol (S6) and -5- ({ 4- [3- nitrobenzylidene) amino] -1- naphthyl({ diazenyl) -1,3,4 – thiadiazole-2- thiol (S7). Sn2 reaction was carried out by the reaction of compound (S6,S7) with bromo ethyl acetate to get ethyl[5{4-(4- chlorobenzylidene amino)-1- naphthyl} diazenyl] -1- 1,3,4- thiadiazole-2- yl- thio] acetate (S8) and ethyl [5-{4- (2- nitrobenzylidene amino)-1- naphthyl diazenyl] -1,3,4- thiadiazole -2-yl-acetate (S9).(Fig.1)

Determinants of Success and Failure of Entrepreneurs of SMEs in Bangladesh- An Explorative Study

Entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship are significantly correlated with the economic development of a country. Entrepreneurs cannot easily succeed in doing successful business venture without facing risk that arises from internal and external conditions. So, the present study has been undertaken in order to identify the factors contributing to the success; and influencing the failure of entrepreneurs of SMEs in Bangladesh by employing sophisticated multivariate technique-Varimax Rotated Factor Analytical Technique. The study has collected and used only primary data; and consulted available literature for designing the questionnaire and study. The study has considered 18 variables responsible for failure, and 10 variables contributing to the success of entrepreneurs. The study has identified factors responsible for success of Entrepreneurs of SMEs: Relationship Factor; and Organization Factor in order of magnitude. It has identified factors influencing the failure of Entrepreneurs of SMEs: sustainable Factor, Supply Factor, and Product Related Factor in order of magnitude. The study has suggested entrepreneurs of SMEs to consider these factors while developing policies and strategies for SMEs

Determinants of Success and Failure of Entrepreneurs of SMEs in Bangladesh- An Explorative Study

Entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship are significantly correlated with the economic development of a country. Entrepreneurs cannot easily succeed in doing successful business venture without facing risk that arises from internal and external conditions. So, the present study has been undertaken in order to identify the factors contributing to the success; and influencing the failure of entrepreneurs of SMEs in Bangladesh by employing  sophisticated multivariate technique-Varimax Rotated Factor Analytical Technique. The study has collected and used only primary data; and consulted available literature for designing the questionnaire and study. The study has considered 18 variables responsible for failure, and 10 variables contributing to the success of entrepreneurs. The study has identified factors responsible for success of Entrepreneurs of SMEs: Relationship Factor; and Organization Factor in order of magnitude. It has identified factors influencing the failure of Entrepreneurs of SMEs: sustainable Factor, Supply Factor, and Product Related Factor in order of magnitude. The study has suggested entrepreneurs of SMEs to consider these factors while developing policies and strategies for SMEs

A study on small business enterprises in Bangladesh : searching for growth factors and obstacles

Small businesses are the heart of the market-based economy with their business operations in rural and urban areas of developed and developing countries. In Bangladesh, small business enterprises are playing a significant role by contributing to the production and services, employmnet and thereby to GDP. But these are found to face servere competition and different types of constraints. As a result, these have not achieved substantial growth. In view of this, the present study is primarily aimed at identifying factors and obstacles that influence the growth of SBEs. Finally, the paper suggests some policy measures which are expected to excel the growth of SBEs

On the 'independence of trials-assumption' in geometric distribution

In this note, it is shown through an example that the assumption of the independence of Bernoulli trials in the geometric experiment may unexpectedly not be satisfied. The example can serve as a suitable and useful classroom activity for students in introductory probability course

Edukasi Tentang Pentingnya Kesadaran Mahasiswa Dalam Etika di Kehidupan Kampus

Etika dan akhlak memiliki pengertian yang kurang lebih sama, namun dalam kegiatan sehari-hari terdapat perbedaan yaitu akhlak atau moralitas untuk penilaian terhadap tindakan yang dilakukan, sedangkan etika adalah ilmu yang mempelajari tentang sistem nilai yang berlaku. Setiap masyarakat memiliki sistem nilai tersendiri, baik dari unit masyarakat terkecil yaitu keluarga, masyarakat dunia pendidikan/sekolah, maupun masyarakat luas yaitu masyarakat. Anggota masyarakat dituntut untuk dapat memahami dan menghayati sistem nilai yang berlaku. Begitu juga di lingkungan kampus, setiap civitas akademika diharapkan turut serta membangun sistem nilai di lingkungan kampus, baik dosen, karyawan maupun mahasiswa. Sebagai mahasiswa, etika tidak hanya menghormati guru, tetapi juga dalam etika akademik. Ada prinsip-prinsip dasar yang memandu kehidupan di kampus. Setiap perguruan tinggi memiliki kode etik yang tidak boleh dilanggar. Seseorang akan tercela sebagai civitas akademika jika dia melakukan hal ini. Permasalahan inilah yang melatarbelakangi penulis untuk membahasnya dalam pengabdian, Pertama, masih kurangnya pemahaman tentang kesadaran mahasiswa akan etika berbicara, membuat janji bertemu, berkirim pesan dan berperilaku dalam kehidupan kampus. Kedua, kurangnya sosialisasi kepada siswa dalam berperilaku sesuai dengan etika dan kesopanan

Optimal fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative control for a class of fourth-order nonlinear systems using imperialist competitive algorithms

The proportional integral derivative (PID) controller has gained wide acceptance and use as the most useful control approach in the industry. However, the PID controller lacks robustness to uncertainties and stability under disturbances. To address this problem, this paper proposes an optimal fuzzy-PID technique for a two-degree-of-freedom cart-pole system. Fuzzy rules can be combined with controllers such as PID to tune their coefficients and allow the controller to deliver substantially improved performance. To achieve this, the fuzzy logic method is applied in conjunction with the PID approach to provide essential control inputs and improve the control algorithm efficiency. The achieved control gains are then optimized via the imperialist competitive algorithm. Consequently, the objective function for the cart-pole system is regarded as the summation of the displacement error of the cart, the angular error of the pole, and the control force. This control concept has been tested via simulation and experimental validations. Obtained results are presented to confirm the accuracy and efficiency of the suggested method. © 2022 S. Hadipour Lakmesari et al

Formal Analysis of A Novel Mutual Authentication and Key Agreement Protocol

This research work analyzes the universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS) authentication and key agreement (AKA) protocol, which suffers from the traffic bottleneck at home location register and authentication center (HLR/AuC). In addition, serving network has no capability to authenticate mobile station. To overcome these problems a new security scheme has been proposed which provides a more efficient and a secure authentication between mobile station and home networks, the proposed protocol called Efficient AKA (E-AKA). The E-AKA uses a temporary key to enable visitor location register and serving network (VLR/SN) to authenticate mobile station (MS) without intervention of HLR/AuC. To analyze and validate the security of the proposed protocol, the BAN (Burrows, Abadi and Needham) logic is used. The results show that the E-AKA protocol is more robust than the current AKA protocol.Facultad de Informátic