La Farmàcia Sala del mercat de Cardona

De la mateixa manera que a la resta de nuclis urbans del Principat, el segle XIII, significa per a la vila del castell de Cardona un temps de canvi, experimentant un important creixement demografic, urbanístic i econbmic que alhora es va traduir en el desenvolupament social dels seus habitants i de les institucions de govern comunals. A partir de la nova realitat urbana, hom distingira dins el terme del castell de Cardona als habitants de la vila (ville castri Cardone o ville Cardone) dels habitants del seu terme o ve'inat prbpiament dit (termini castri Cardone o vicinatus Cardone). Mentre que els primers eren cavallers al servei dels vescomtes o homes d'ofici; els del velnat eren els habitants dels masos que es trobaven repartits al llarg i ample del territori que conformava el terme

Characterization of intra- and inter-host norovirus P2 genetic variability in linked individuals by amplicon sequencing

Noroviruses are the main cause of epidemics of acute gastroenteritis at a global scale.Although chronically infected immunocompromised individuals are regarded as potential reservoirs for the emergence of new viral variants, viral quasispecies distribution and evolution patterns in acute symptomatic and asymptomatic infections has not been extensively studied. Amplicons of 450 nts from the P2 coding capsid domain were studied using nextgeneration sequencing (454/GS-Junior) platform. Inter-host diversity between symptomatic and asymptomatic acutely infected individuals linked to the same outbreak as well as their viral intra-host diversity over time were characterized. With an average of 2848 reads per sample and a cutoff frequency of 0.1%, minor variant haplotypes were detected in 5 out of 8 specimens. Transmitted variants could not be confirmed in all infected individuals in one outbreak. The observed initial intra-host viral diversity in asymptomatically infected subjects was higher than in symptomatic ones. Viral quasispecies evolution over time within individuals was host-specific, with an average of 2.8 nt changes per day (0.0062 changes per nucleotide per day) in a given symptomatic case. Nucleotide polymorphisms were detected in 28 out of 450 analyzed nucleotide positions, 32.14% of which were synonymous and 67.86% were non-synonymous. Most observed amino acid changes emerged at or near blockade epitopes A, B, D and E. Our results suggest that acutely infected individuals, even in the absence of symptoms, which go underreported and may enhance transmission, may contribute to norovirus genetic variability and evolution

La Farmàcia Sala del mercat de Cardona

De la mateixa manera que a la resta de nuclis urbans del Principat, el segle XIII, significa per a la vila del castell de Cardona un temps de canvi, experimentant un important creixement demografic, urbanístic i econbmic que alhora es va traduir en el desenvolupament social dels seus habitants i de les institucions de govern comunals. A partir de la nova realitat urbana, hom distingira dins el terme del castell de Cardona als habitants de la vila (ville castri Cardone o ville Cardone) dels habitants del seu terme o ve'inat prbpiament dit (termini castri Cardone o vicinatus Cardone). Mentre que els primers eren cavallers al servei dels vescomtes o homes d'ofici; els del velnat eren els habitants dels masos que es trobaven repartits al llarg i ample del territori que conformava el terme

Characterization of intra- and inter-host norovirus P2 genetic variability in linked individuals by amplicon sequencing

Noroviruses are the main cause of epidemics of acute gastroenteritis at a global scale.Although chronically infected immunocompromised individuals are regarded as potential reservoirs for the emergence of new viral variants, viral quasispecies distribution and evolution patterns in acute symptomatic and asymptomatic infections has not been extensively studied. Amplicons of 450 nts from the P2 coding capsid domain were studied using nextgeneration sequencing (454/GS-Junior) platform. Inter-host diversity between symptomatic and asymptomatic acutely infected individuals linked to the same outbreak as well as their viral intra-host diversity over time were characterized. With an average of 2848 reads per sample and a cutoff frequency of 0.1%, minor variant haplotypes were detected in 5 out of 8 specimens. Transmitted variants could not be confirmed in all infected individuals in one outbreak. The observed initial intra-host viral diversity in asymptomatically infected subjects was higher than in symptomatic ones. Viral quasispecies evolution over time within individuals was host-specific, with an average of 2.8 nt changes per day (0.0062 changes per nucleotide per day) in a given symptomatic case. Nucleotide polymorphisms were detected in 28 out of 450 analyzed nucleotide positions, 32.14% of which were synonymous and 67.86% were non-synonymous. Most observed amino acid changes emerged at or near blockade epitopes A, B, D and E. Our results suggest that acutely infected individuals, even in the absence of symptoms, which go underreported and may enhance transmission, may contribute to norovirus genetic variability and evolution

Characterization of intra- and inter-host norovirus P2 genetic variability in linked individuals by amplicon sequencing

Noroviruses are the main cause of epidemics of acute gastroenteritis at a global scale.Although chronically infected immunocompromised individuals are regarded as potential reservoirs for the emergence of new viral variants, viral quasispecies distribution and evolution patterns in acute symptomatic and asymptomatic infections has not been extensively studied. Amplicons of 450 nts from the P2 coding capsid domain were studied using nextgeneration sequencing (454/GS-Junior) platform. Inter-host diversity between symptomatic and asymptomatic acutely infected individuals linked to the same outbreak as well as their viral intra-host diversity over time were characterized. With an average of 2848 reads per sample and a cutoff frequency of 0.1%, minor variant haplotypes were detected in 5 out of 8 specimens. Transmitted variants could not be confirmed in all infected individuals in one outbreak. The observed initial intra-host viral diversity in asymptomatically infected subjects was higher than in symptomatic ones. Viral quasispecies evolution over time within individuals was host-specific, with an average of 2.8 nt changes per day (0.0062 changes per nucleotide per day) in a given symptomatic case. Nucleotide polymorphisms were detected in 28 out of 450 analyzed nucleotide positions, 32.14% of which were synonymous and 67.86% were non-synonymous. Most observed amino acid changes emerged at or near blockade epitopes A, B, D and E. Our results suggest that acutely infected individuals, even in the absence of symptoms, which go underreported and may enhance transmission, may contribute to norovirus genetic variability and evolution

Enabling dynamic and intelligent workflows for HPC, data analytics, and AI convergence

The evolution of High-Performance Computing (HPC) platforms enables the design and execution of progressively larger and more complex workflow applications in these systems. The complexity comes not only from the number of elements that compose the workflows but also from the type of computations they perform. While traditional HPC workflows target simulations and modelling of physical phenomena, current needs require in addition data analytics (DA) and artificial intelligence (AI) tasks. However, the development of these workflows is hampered by the lack of proper programming models and environments that support the integration of HPC, DA, and AI, as well as the lack of tools to easily deploy and execute the workflows in HPC systems. To progress in this direction, this paper presents use cases where complex workflows are required and investigates the main issues to be addressed for the HPC/DA/AI convergence. Based on this study, the paper identifies the challenges of a new workflow platform to manage complex workflows. Finally, it proposes a development approach for such a workflow platform addressing these challenges in two directions: first, by defining a software stack that provides the functionalities to manage these complex workflows; and second, by proposing the HPC Workflow as a Service (HPCWaaS) paradigm, which leverages the software stack to facilitate the reusability of complex workflows in federated HPC infrastructures. Proposals presented in this work are subject to study and development as part of the EuroHPC eFlows4HPC project.This work has received funding from the European HighPerformance Computing Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement No 955558. The JU receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and Spain, Germany, France, Italy, Poland, Switzerland and Norway. In Spain, it has received complementary funding from MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, Spain and the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR (contracts PCI2021-121957, PCI2021-121931, PCI2021-121944, and PCI2021-121927). In Germany, it has received complementary funding from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (contracts 16HPC016K, 6GPC016K, 16HPC017 and 16HPC018). In France, it has received financial support from Caisse des dépôts et consignations (CDC) under the action PIA ADEIP (project Calculateurs). In Italy, it has been preliminary approved for complimentary funding by Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico (MiSE) (ref. project prop. 2659). In Norway, it has received complementary funding from the Norwegian Research Council, Norway under project number 323825. In Switzerland, it has been preliminary approved for complimentary funding by the State Secretariat for Education, Research, and Innovation (SERI), Norway. In Poland, it is partially supported by the National Centre for Research and Development under decision DWM/EuroHPCJU/4/2021. The authors also acknowledge financial support by MCIN/AEI /10.13039/501100011033, Spain through the ‘‘Severo Ochoa Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D’’ under Grant CEX2018-000797-S, the Spanish Government, Spain (contract PID2019-107255 GB) and by Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain (contract 2017-SGR-01414). Anna Queralt is a Serra Húnter Fellow.Peer ReviewedArticle signat per 37 autors/es: Jorge Ejarque (a), Rosa M. Badia (a), Loïc Albertin (f), Giovanni Aloisio (h), Enrico Baglione (k), Yolanda Becerra (a,c), Stefan Boschert (o) , Julian R. Berlin (a), Alessandro D’Anca (h), Donatello Elia (h), François Exertier (f), Sandro Fiore (i), José Flich (e), Arnau Folch (m,a), Steven J. Gibbons (p), Nikolay Koldunov (l), Francesc Lordan (a), Stefano Lorito (k), Finn Løvholt (p), Jorge Macías (j), Fabrizio Marozzo (g), Alberto Michelini (k), Marisol Monterrubio-Velasco (a), Marta Pienkowska (n), Josep de la Puente (a), Anna Queralt (c,a), Enrique S. Quintana-Ortí (e), Juan E. Rodríguez (a), Fabrizio Romano (k), Riccardo Rossi (b,c), Jedrzej Rybicki (d), Miroslaw Kupczyk (q), Jacopo Selva (k), Domenico Talia (g), Roberto Tonini (k), Paolo Trunfio (g), Manuela Volpe (k) // (a) Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), (b) Centre Internacional de Mètodes Numèrics a l’Enginyeria (CIMNE), (c) Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), (d) Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC), (e) Universitat Politécnica de València (UPV), (f) Atos BDS R&D HPC & AI Software, (g) DtoK Lab Srl, (h) Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici (CMCC), (i) Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science, University of Trento, (j) Universidad de Málaga (UMA), (k) Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), (l) Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, (m) Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), (n) Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, (o) Siemens AG, (p) Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), (q) Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center (PSNC)Postprint (author's final draft

Aprenentatge basat en la investigació en educació superior : un model d'aprenentatge seqüencial en les assignatures de grau de la Facultat de Ciències de l'Educació de la UAB

Altres ajuts: Aquest treball s'ha desenvolupat en el marc del projecte d'innovació i millora de la qualitat docent "Aprenentatge Basat en la Investigació (ABI). Un model d'aprenentatge seqüencial en les assignatures de grau de la Facultat de Ciències de l'Educació", finançat per l'ICE de la UAB (Convocatòria 2022).Aquest document es divideix en dues parts, en la primera es presenta un model seqüenciat d'aprenentatge basat en la investigació des de primer curs fins a quart, per tal que l'alumnat vagi desenvolupant competències de recerca de manera vivencial durant la seva formació. En la segona s'adjunta un catàleg d'activitats que s'han dissenyat i aplicat durant el curs acadèmic 22-23 en diferents matèries dels graus d'Educació de la UAB. Es tracta d'activitats d'integració de la recerca a la docència, dissenyades per l'equip docent del projecte, que poden ser adaptades i aplicades a altres assignatures i/o transferides a altres contextos

Evaluation of two strategies for the interpretation of tumour markers in pleural effusions

Abstract Background Pleural effusions present a diagnostic challenge. Approximately 20% are associated with cancer and some 50% require invasive procedures to perform diagnosis. Determination of tumour markers may help to identify patients with malignant effusions. Two strategies are used to obtain high specificity in the differential diagnosis of malignant pleural effusions: a) high cut-off, and b) fluid/serum (F/S) ratio and low cut-off. The aim of this study is to compare these two strategies and to establish whether the identification of possible false positives using benign biomarkers – ADA, CRP and % of polymorphonuclear cells – improves diagnostic accuracy. Methods We studied 402 pleural effusions, 122 of them malignant. Benign biomarkers were determined in pleural fluid, and CEA, CA72-4, CA19-9 and CA15-3 in pleural fluid and serum. Results Establishing a cut-off value for each TM for a specificity of 100%, a joint sensitivity of 66.5% was obtained. With the F/S strategy and low cut-off points, sensitivity was 77% and specificity 98.2%, Subclassifying cases with negative benign biomarkers, both strategies achieved a specificity of 100%; sensitivity was 69.9% for single determination and 80.6% for F/S ratio. Conclusions The best interpretation of TM in the differential diagnosis of malignant pleural effusions is obtained using the F/S ratio in the group with negative benign biomarkers