The Effect of Bleomycin and its Combined Effect with Radiation on Murine Squamous Carcinoma Treated in vivo

Many previous reports testify to the effectiveness of bleomycin as a drug for the clinical treatment of squamous carcinomata, and some radiotherapists have considered the possibility that an improved therapeutic ratio might be obtained by combined treatment with bleomycin and radiation. This consideration has been stimulated by recent reports of the effects of combined treatment with bleomycin using mammalian cells in vitro. Experiments are described here in which a murine squamous carcinoma has been used to obtain a survival curve for cells of tumours treated in vivo with single doses of bleomycin alone or in combination with radiation given before or after the drug. The survival curve for drug alone was a multicomponent curve with D0 values of 0·1, 0·75 and 2·7 mg/kg. However, the results of the experiments with combined treatment showed no evidence of potentiation

ON TAYLOR DIFFERENTIAL TRANSFORM METHOD FOR THE FIRST PAINLEVE EQUATION

We apply the Taylor Differential Transform Method (TDTM) to the initial value problem of the fi rst Painleve equation. We use the deviation to calculate the accuracy of the solutions and the results are compared with the known results. Four sets of initial values, two of them were not considered before, are considered to illustrate the effectiveness of the method.We apply the Taylor Differential Transform Method (TDTM) to the initial value problem of the fi rst Painleve equation. We use the deviation to calculate the accuracy of the solutions and the results are compared with the known results. Four sets of initial values, two of them were not considered before, are considered to illustrate the effectiveness of the method

Study of Shoreline Changes at Jeneberang River Delta, Makassar

The study of shoreline changes during 1990 - 2008 in the delta of the River Jeneberang, Makassar was conducted by evaluating sediment transport into and out of a cell. Longshore sediment transport was computed by considering the influence of heights and angles of the breaking waves. Results of calculation of sediment transport showed that the dominant of sediment transport was to the north during the arrival of the southwest and west waves, and to the south when the wave coming from the northwest. Comparison between shore profiles resulting from model and coastline satellite imagery showed similarity. The difference between the two tend to be occurred at the head land part of the shoreline. This was due to complexity of coastal dynamic at the area. The results of the 19 years shoreline simulation showed that there was a tendency of abrasion at the upsteam head land part as the wave energy tend to converge and accretion at the bay part as the wave energy tend to diverge. Abrasion mainly occurred at Tanjung Bunga (head land) where the coast retreat 181.1 m. Accretion occur in the bay area (Tanjung Merdeka) where the coast advance to the sea for about 59.8 m. The shoreline tend to be stable when the profile was straight such as Barombong Coast

Behaviour of 4-(4-acetoaminophenyl)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid towards carbon and nitrogen nucleophiles and use of these products in the synthesis of some interesting heterocycles

The present work is devoted to study the interaction of-aroylacrylic acid derivative (1) with some containing active methylene compounds under Michael reaction conditions and afforded the Michael adducts (2a-e). When compound 1 was allowed to react with cyclohexanone in the presence of ammonium acetate as catalyst, it afforded hydroquinoline derivative (3). Interaction of the acid 1 with highly and moderately reactive hydrocarbons e.g. p-xylene and acetanilide in the presence of anhydrous aluminumchloride under Friedel-Crafts reaction conditions afforded (4a-b). On the other hand, when the acid 1 was allowed to react with benzyl amine in dry benzene yielded 2-benzylamino-4-(4-acetaminophenyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid (5). This later compound was used to synthesize some heterocyclic compounds (7-11). Also, aza Michael adduct (6) used asthe key starting material for the synthesis of some interesting heterocyclic compounds e.g. pyridazinone, oxazinoneand furanone derivatives (13-16)

Model Prediksi Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue (Dbd) Berdasarkan Unsur Iklim di Kota Kendari Tahun 2000-2015

Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, salah satunya adalah faktoriklim. Upaya-upaya pengendalian laju kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue telah dilakukan secara intensifnamun tindakan tersebut belum dapat menekan jumlah penderita DBD secara nasional khususnya diKota Kendari. Model prediksi berdasarkan unsur iklim diharapkan dapat menjadi peringatan dini dalammengantisipasi kejadian DBD. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui model prediksi kejadian DBDberdasarkan korelasi antara unsur iklim (suhu udara rata-rata, kelembaban nisbi, indeks curah hujan,kecepatan angin) dengan kejadian DBD di Kota Kendari tahun 2000-2015. Jenis penelitian inimerupakan studi ekologi atau studi korelasi populasi. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan uji korelasi Pearsonmenunjukkan terdapat korelasi positif lemah dan tidak bermakna antara suhu udara rata-rata dengankejadian DBD di Kota Kendari Tahun 2000-2015 (r=0,230; p>0,05), korelasi positif sedang dan bermaknaantara kelembaban nisbi dengan kejadian DBD di Kota Kendari tahun 2000-2015 (r=0,439; p0,05). Model prediksi yangdiperoleh dari analisis regresi linear yaitu Ln(Kejadian DBD+0,5)= -42,831+0,756*suhu udara ratarata+0,303*kelembabannisbi (R2=24,1%) dengan semua asumsi regresi linear terpenuhi.Direkomendasikan kepada Dinas Kesehatan Kota Kendari agar bekerja sama dengan BMKG dan instansilainnya dalam perencanaan dan pelaksanaan program pencegahan dan pengendalian penyakit DBD diKota Kendari

Pengelolaan Dana Kapitasi Bpjs Kesehatan di Puskesmas Watubangga Kecamatan Watubangga Kabupaten Kolaka Tahun 2015

Dana Kapitasi adalah besaran pembayaran per-bulan yang dibayar dimuka kepada Puskesmas berdasarkanjumlah peserta yang terdaftar tanpa memperhitungkan jenis dan jumlah pelayanan kesehatan yang diberikan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengelolaan dana kapitasi BPJS Kesehatan di Puskesmas WatubanggaKabupaten Kolaka tahun 2015. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologismenggunakan metode pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, pemeriksaan dokumen, dandokumentasi dengan peneliti berperan sebagai instrumen utama penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwapenganggaran dana kapitasi di Puskesmas Watubangga dengan membuat dokumen rencana pendapatan danbelanja dana kapitasi dalam bentuk RKA setiap bulan keempat pada tahun berjalan yang selanjutnya disampaikankepada SKPD Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Kolaka. Dari aspek pelaksanaan penatausahaan dana kapitasi diPuskesmas Watubangga dana kapitasi digunakan sepenuhnya untuk membayar jasa pelayanan yang dilakukan diPuskesmas berdasarkan akumulasi poin berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan, hari kerja, hari efektif dan masa kerja. Dariaspek pertanggungjawabanKepala Puskesmas Watubangga bertanggungjawab secara formal dan materil ataspendapatan dan belanja dana kapitasi JKN, sedangkan pemanfaatan dana kapitasi di Puskesmas Watubangga 80%dana kapitasi digunakan untuk membayar jasa pelayanan dan 20% digunakan untuk pendukung operasional.Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah dilakukan penganggaran dengan cara membuat RKA pada bulan ke 4 padatahun berjalan, dana kapitasi digunakan untuk membayar jasa pelayanan dan mendukung operasional, KepalaPuskesmas Watubangga bertanggungjawab secara formal dan materil yang disampaikan secara internal dalampertemuan Mini Lokakarya, dan 80% untuk membayar upah jasa pelayanan, 14% untuk pemenuhan BHP dan obat-obatandan 6% untuk kegiatan luar gedung atau pemeliharaan ambulan

Utility of 4-(4-acetoaminophenyl)-4-oxo-but-2-enoic acid to prepare Pyranand Pyridine derivatives as building blocks in Heterocyclic Synthesis

The present work is devoted to study the interaction of β -aroylacrylic acid derivative (1) with malononitrile in the presence of piperidine and/or ammonium acetate, then using the formed compounds as a starting material for synthesizing fused and isolated heterocyclic system. Ithas been established that the β-aroylacrylic acid (1) reactwith malononitrile in (DMF) in the presence of piperidineas catalyst with formation of 4H-pyran derivative (2). Bychanging the catalyst into ammonium acetate, pyridine derivative (3) has been obtained. When compound (2) wasallowed to react with triethylorthoformate afforded ethoxymethyleneamino-4H-pyran (4). Compound (4) was used askey starting material for synthesizing some interesting annulated and heterocyclic systems (5-8). Also, the maleamic acid derivatives (9) and (15) have been synthesized via the interaction of (2) and (3) with maleic anhydride to study the behavior of the formed maleamic acid derivatives asanalogies of β-aroylacrylic towards different active methylene compounds under Michael addition reaction (10-14); (16-18)