8,891 research outputs found
The gap amplification at a "shape resonance" in a superlattice of quantum stripes: a mechanism for high Tc
The amplification of the superconducting critical temperature Tc from the low
temperature range in homogeneous 2D planes (Tc<23 K) to the high temperature
range (23 K<Tc<150 K) in an artificial heterostructure of quantum stripes is
calculated. The high Tc is obtained by tuning the chemical potential near the
bottom of the nth subband at a "shape resonance", in a range, whithin the
energy cutoff for the pairing interaction. The resonance for the gap at the nth
"shape resonance" is studied for a free electron gas in the BCS approximation
as a function of the stripe width L, and of the number of electrons {\rho} per
unit surface. An amplification factor for coupling 0.1<{\lambda}<0.3 is
obtained at the third shape resonance raising the critical temperature in the
high Tc range.Comment: 9 pages 6 figure
Hot Spots on the Fermi Surface of Bi2212: Stripes versus Superstructure
In a recent paper Saini et al. have reported evidence for a pseudogap around
(pi,0) at room temperature in the optimally doped superconductor Bi2212. This
result is in contradiction with previous ARPES measurements. Furthermore they
observed at certain points on the Fermi surface hot spots of high spectral
intensity which they relate to the existence of stripes in the CuO planes. They
also claim to have identified a new electronic band along Gamma-M1 whose one
dimensional character provides further evidence for stripes. We demonstrate in
this Comment that all the measured features can be simply understood by
correctly considering the superstructure (umklapp) and shadow bands which occur
in Bi2212.Comment: 1 page, revtex, 1 encapsulated postscript figure (color
Constraints on the Growth and Spin of the Supermassive Black Hole in M32 From High Cadence Visible Light Observations
We present 1-second cadence observations of M32 (NGC221) with the CHIMERA
instrument at the Hale 200-inch telescope of the Palomar Observatory. Using
field stars as a baseline for relative photometry, we are able to construct a
light curve of the nucleus in the g-prime and r-prime band with 1sigma=36
milli-mag photometric stability. We derive a temporal power spectrum for the
nucleus and find no evidence for a time-variable signal above the noise as
would be expected if the nuclear black hole were accreting gas. Thus, we are
unable to constrain the spin of the black hole although future work will use
this powerful instrument to target more actively accreting black holes. Given
the black hole mass of (2.5+/-0.5)*10^6 Msun inferred from stellar kinematics,
the absence of a contribution from a nuclear time-variable signal places an
upper limit on the accretion rate which is 4.6*10^{-8} of the Eddington rate, a
factor of two more stringent than past upper limits from HST. The low mass of
the black hole despite the high stellar density suggests that the gas liberated
by stellar interactions was primarily at early cosmic times when the low-mass
black hole had a small Eddington luminosity. This is at least partly driven by
a top-heavy stellar initial mass function at early cosmic times which is an
efficient producer of stellar mass black holes. The implication is that
supermassive black holes likely arise from seeds formed through the coalescence
of 3-100 Msun mass black holes that then accrete gas produced through stellar
interaction processes.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, submitted to the Astrophysical Journal, comments
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Effect of Ru susbstitution on atomic displacements in the layered SmFe_{1-x}Ru_xAsO_{0.85}F_{0.15} superconductor
The effect of Ru substitution on the local structure of layered
SmFeRuAsOF superconductor has been studied by As
- and Sm - edges x-ray-absorption spectroscopy. The extended
x-ray-absorption fine-structure measurements reveal distinct Fe-As and Ru-As
bondlengths in the Ru substituted samples with the latter being 0.03 \AA\
longer. Local disorder induced by the Ru substitution is mainly confined to the
FeAs layer while the SmO spacer layer sustains a relative order, consistent
with the x-ray-absorption near-edge structure spectra. The results suggest
that, in addition to the order/disorder in the active active iron-arsenide
layer, its coupling to the rare-earth\textminus oxygen spacer layer needs to be
considered for describing the electronic properties of these layered
superconductors
Coexistence of localized and itinerant electrons in BaFe2X3 (X = S and Se) revealed by photoemission spectroscopy
We report a photoemission study at room temperature on BaFe2X3 (X = S and Se)
and CsFe2Se3 in which two-leg ladders are formed by the Fe sites. The Fe 2p
core-level peaks of BaFe2X3 are broad and exhibit two components, indicating
that itinerant and localized Fe 3d sites coexist similar to KxFe2-ySe2. The Fe
2p core-level peak of CsFe2Se3 is rather sharp and is accompanied by a
charge-transfer satellite. The insulating ground state of CsFe2Se3 can be
viewed as a Fe2+ Mott insulator in spite of the formal valence of +2.5. The
itinerant versus localized behaviors can be associated with the stability of
chalcogen p holes in the two-leg ladder structure.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, Accepted in publication for Physical Review
Temperature dependence of iron local magnetic moment in phase-separated superconducting chalcogenide
We have studied local magnetic moment and electronic phase separation in
superconducting KFeSe by x-ray emission and absorption
spectroscopy. Detailed temperature dependent measurements at the Fe K-edge have
revealed coexisting electronic phases and their correlation with the transport
properties. By cooling down, the local magnetic moment of Fe shows a sharp drop
across the superconducting transition temperature (T) and the coexisting
phases exchange spectral weights with the low spin state gaining intensity at
the expense of the higher spin state. After annealing the sample across the
iron-vacancy order temperature, the system does not recover the initial state
and the spectral weight anomaly at T as well as superconductivity
disappear. The results clearly underline that the coexistence of the low spin
and high spin phases and the transitions between them provide unusual magnetic
fluctuations and have a fundamental role in the superconducting mechanism of
electronically inhomogeneous KFeSe system.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure
Local structure of REFeAsO (RE=La, Pr, Nd, Sm) oxypnictides studied by Fe K-edge EXAFS
Local structure of REOFeAs (RE=La, Pr, Nd, Sm) system has been studied as a
function of chemical pressure varied due to different rare-earth size. Fe
K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements in the
fluorescence mode has permitted to compare systematically the inter-atomic
distances and their mean square relative displacements (MSRD). We find that the
Fe-As bond length and the corresponding MSRD hardly show any change, suggesting
the strongly covalent nature of this bond, while the Fe-Fe and Fe-RE bond
lengths decrease with decreasing rare earth size. The results provide important
information on the atomic correlations that could have direct implication on
the superconductivity and magnetism of REOFeAs system, with the chemical
pressure being a key ingredient
Soft x-rays absorption and high-resolution powder x-ray diffraction study of superconducting CaxLa(1-x)Ba(1.75-x)La(0.25+x)Cu3Oy system
We have studied the electronic structure of unoccupied states measured by O
K-edge and Cu L-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), combined with crystal
structure studied by high resolution powder x-ray diffraction (HRPXRD), of
charge-compensated layered superconducting CaxLa(1-x)Ba(1.75-x)La(0.25+x)Cu3Oy
(0<x<0.4, 6.4<y<7.3) cuprate. A detailed analysis shows that, apart from hole
doping, chemical pressure on the electronically active CuO2 plane due to the
lattice mismatch with the spacer layers greatly influences the superconducting
properties of this system. The results suggest chemical pressure to be the most
plausible parameter to control the maximum critical temperatures (Tcmax) in
different cuprate families at optimum hole density.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in Journal of Physics
and Chemistry of Solid
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