Non-canonical word order : its types and rhetorical purposes with reference to five English translations of the meanings of the Holy Qur'an.

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:DXN007257 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Numerical Modeling Of Electron’s Trajectories In Cold Plasma By PIC Method

This study is a contribution to the modeling of plasma discharges. The numerical model proposed is particle type, applied to argon plasma generated by a continuous discharge. A microscopic particle model is used for solving the Boltzmann equation by considering a finite number of particles to represent the charged species. The study of the electrical behavior of plasma is performed using a PIC (Particle-In-Cell) model whitch is well suited for low-pressure no-collision plasmas. This model provides the plasma characteristics (potential, charge densities). The principle of the PIC method is based on sampling (mesh) in a 1D of the space of the reactor between two flat and parallel electrodes in which particles move under the action of electric field (applied). This method makes it possible to determine the values of electric fields (steady state and time) at every point of contact for any interpolation from the numerical values obtained by the method of finite differences.This study is a contribution to the modeling of plasma discharges. The numerical model proposed is particle type, applied to argon plasma generated by a continuous discharge. A microscopic particle model is used for solving the Boltzmann equation by considering a finite number of particles to represent the charged species. The study of the electrical behavior of plasma is performed using a PIC (Particle-In-Cell) model whitch is well suited for low-pressure no-collision plasmas. This model provides the plasma characteristics (potential, charge densities). The principle of the PIC method is based on sampling (mesh) in a 1D of the space of the reactor between two flat and parallel electrodes in which particles move under the action of electric field (applied). This method makes it possible to determine the values of electric fields (steady state and time) at every point of contact for any interpolation from the numerical values obtained by the method of finite differences

Development Of A One Dimensional Fluid Model, Application To Electropositive And Electronegative Gases In DC Discharge

The objective of the work presented in this paper is to develop a numerical calculation program which simulates the behavior of charged species in deposition reactor by cold plasma in DC glow discharge. After applying some simplifying assumptions, we developed a model of fluid type in MATLAB using the numerical method of finite differences. We applied the model to simulate the plasma in the case of an electropositive (He) and an electronegative (SF6) gases in terms of spatial distribution of charged particles, electric field and electric potential between electrodes space.The objective of the work presented in this paper is to develop a numerical calculation program which simulates the behavior of charged species in deposition reactor by cold plasma in DC glow discharge. After applying some simplifying assumptions, we developed a model of fluid type in MATLAB using the numerical method of finite differences. We applied the model to simulate the plasma in the case of an electropositive (He) and an electronegative (SF6) gases in terms of spatial distribution of charged particles, electric field and electric potential between electrodes space

Preliminary results on the effects of orthopedic implant stiffness fixed to the cut end of the femur on the stress at the stump-prosthetic interface

A lot of trans-femoral amputation patients experience skin breakdown due to the pressures and shear stresses in the stump-prosthesis interface. In this study, a finite element model was employed to investigate the stresses at the stump interface in the case of an orthopedic implant fixed to the cut end of the femur. By changing the stiffness of this implant, we aim to see how the stiffness of this implant affects the stresses in the interface between the amputated limb and the prosthesis. To find out the effects of implant stiffness, five values for the elastic modulus, ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 Mpa, with an interval of 0.1 Mpa were employed in the implant structure of the FE model. Obtained results show that the implant played important role in reducing the stresses at the stump-prosthesis interface where the contact pressure did not exceed 53 Kpa and 17.3 Kpa for shear stress in the stiffer case of an implant, while the contact pressure in the case of femur without implant exceeded 79Kpa and 42 Kpa for shear stress. We also noted that the intensity of the contact pressure and the shear stress is proportional to the stiffness of the implant, as the greater the implant stiffness, the higher the peak of these stresses

Electrical and structural characterisation of plasma-polymerized TEOS thin films as humidity sensors

In this study, we used plasma polymerization of TEOS to deposit thin water molecule sensitive layers on two intredigitated aluminum electrodes evaporated on glass substrate. Electrical and structural analyses of the deposited sensitive layers have been evaluated through current-impedance responses and FTIR spectroscopy. The elaborated humidity resistive sensor exhibited a detectable response to relative humidity (RH) percentages ranging from 20 to 95%. The films showed good sensitivity to water molecule due to the presence of hydroxyl groups OH. These groups provide the adsorption sites for water and play an important role to the humidity sensor properties. The low impedance, good sensitivity as characterized by a linear change in impedance from 106 to 103 Ω over RH interval of 20–80% and low observed hysteresis of about 4%, make the elaborated layer a promising candidate for humidity sensors development.In this study, we used plasma polymerization of TEOS to deposit thin water molecule sensitive layers on two intredigitated aluminum electrodes evaporated on glass substrate. Electrical and structural analyses of the deposited sensitive layers have been evaluated through current-impedance responses and FTIR spectroscopy. The elaborated humidity resistive sensor exhibited a detectable response to relative humidity (RH) percentages ranging from 20 to 95%. The films showed good sensitivity to water molecule due to the presence of hydroxyl groups OH. These groups provide the adsorption sites for water and play an important role to the humidity sensor properties. The low impedance, good sensitivity as characterized by a linear change in impedance from 106 to 103 Ω over RH interval of 20–80% and low observed hysteresis of about 4%, make the elaborated layer a promising candidate for humidity sensors development

Undernutrition is associated with increased financial losses in hospitals.

Undernutrition is associated with increased hospital costs. Whether these increased costs are totally compensated by third payer systems has not been assessed. We aimed to assess the differences between actual and reimbursed hospital costs according to presence/absence of nutritional risk, defined by a Nutritional risk screening-2002 (NRS-2002) score ≥3. Retrospective study. Administrative data for years 2013 and 2014 of the department of internal medicine of the Lausanne university hospital. The data included total and specific costs (i.e. clinical biology, treatments, pathology). Reimbursed costs were based on the Swiss Diagnosis Related Group (DRG) system. 2200 admissions with NRS-2002 data were included (mean age 76 years, 53.9% women), 1398 (63.6%) of which were considered nutritionally 'at-risk'. After multivariate adjustment, patients nutritionally 'at-risk' had higher costs (multivariate-adjusted difference ± standard error: 34,206 ± 1246 vs. 22,214 ± 1666 CHF, p < 0.001) and higher reimbursements (26,376 ± 1105 vs. 17,783 ± 1477 CHF, p < 0.001). Still, the latter failed to cover the costs, leading to a deficit between costs and reimbursements of 7831 ± 660 CHF in patients 'at-risk' vs. 4431 ± 881 in patients 'not at-risk' (p < 0.003). Being nutritionally 'at-risk' also led to a lower likelihood of complete coverage of costs: multivariate-adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval 0.77 (0.62-0.97). Patients 'at-risk' had lower percentage of total costs in medical interventions, food, imaging and "other", but the absolute differences were less than 2%. Hospital costs of patients nutritionally 'at-risk' are less well reimbursed than of patients 'not at-risk'. Better reporting of undernutrition in medical records and better reimbursement of undernourished patients is needed

Carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii in two university hospitals in Algeria

International audienc