Lycopene Prevents Development of Steatohepatitis in Experimental Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Model Induced by High-Fat Diet

We investigated the preventive effect of lycopene on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-induced by high-fat diet in rats. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups. They were fed standard diet, high-fat diet (HFD), high-fat diet plus lycopene at a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight and the high-fat diet lycopene at a dose of 4 mg/kg BW for a period of 6 weeks. Inflammation, steatosis, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP 2E1) expression increased significantly in the rats fed HFD and decreased in the rats administered by lycopene. Significantly elevated levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), tumor necrosis factor (TNF α), and serum and liver malondialdehyde (MDA) were observed in rats fed the high-fat diet as compared to the control rats (P < .01). Supplementation with lycopene lowered serum MDA and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) levels and elevated liver GSH level (P < .001). Insulin resistance was higher in the rats fed HFD than in rats supplemented with lycopene. The data indicate that supplementation with lycopene can reduce high-fat diet-induced oxidative stress to the cells

Protective Role of Genistein in Acute Liver Damage Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride

Aim. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of genistein in experimental acute liver damage induced by CCl4. Method. Forty rats were equally allocated to 5 groups. The first group was designated as the control group (group 1). The second group was injected with intraperitoneal CCl4 for 3 days (group 2). The third group was injected with subcutaneous 1 mg/kg genistein for 4 days starting one day before CCl4 injection. The fourth group was injected with intraperitoneal CCl4 for 7 days. The fifth group was injected with subcutaneous 1 mg/kg genistein for 8 days starting one day before CCl4 injection. Plasma and liver tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and liver glutathione levels, as well as AST and ALT levels were studied. A histopathological examination was conducted. Results. Liver tissue MDA levels were found significantly lower in group 3, in comparison to group 2 (P < .05). Liver tissue MDA level in group 5 was significantly lower than that in group 4 (P < .001). Liver tissue glutathione levels were higher in group 5 and 3, relative to groups 4 and 2, respectively (P > .05 for each). Inflammation and focal necrosis decreased in group 3, in comparison to group 2 (P < .001 for each). Inflammation and focal necrosis in group 5 was lower than that in group 4 (P < .001). Actin expression decreased significantly in group 5, relative to group 4 (P < .05). Conclusion. Genistein has anti-inflammatory and antinecrotic effects on experimental liver damage caused by CCl4. Genistein reduces liver damage by preventing lipid peroxidation and strengthening antioxidant systems

The Protective Effects of a Combination of an Arginine Silicate Complex and Magnesium Biotinate Against UV-Induced Skin Damage in Rats

The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of a novel combination of inositol-stabilized arginine silicate complex (ASI) and magnesium biotinate (MgB) on the prevention of skin damage after UVB exposure in rats. Forty-nine Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into one of the following groups: (1) NC, normal control, (2) SC, shaved control, (3) UVB (exposed to UVB radiation), (4) ASI+MgB-L (Low Dose), (5) ASI+MgB-H (High Dose), (6) ASI+MgB-L+MgB cream, (7) ASI+MgB-H+MgB cream. The results showed that ASI+MgB treatment alleviated the macroscopic and histopathological damages in the skin of rats caused by UVB exposure. Skin elasticity evaluation showed a similar trend. ASI+MgB increased serum Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Si, biotin, and arginine concentrations and skin hydroxyproline and biotinidase levels while decreasing skin elastase activity (p &lt; 0.05) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration (p &lt; 0.001). Moreover, ASI+MgB treatment increased skin levels of biotin-dependent carboxylases (ACC1, ACC2, PC, PCC, MCC) and decreased mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways and matrix metalloproteinase protein levels by the regulation of the activator protein 1 (AP-1), and mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways. In addition, ASI+MgB caused lower levels of inflammatory factors, including TNF-α, NFκB, IL-6, IL-8, and COX-2 in the skin samples (p &lt; 0.05). The levels of Bax and caspase-3 were increased, while anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was decreased by UVB exposure, which was reversed by ASI+MgB treatment. These results show that treatment with ASI and MgB protects against skin damage by improving skin appearance, elasticity, inflammation, apoptosis, and overall health

Investigation of Cognitive Functions with Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale's Comprehension Subtest and Mini-Mental State Examination in Patient with End-Stage Renal Diseases

WOS: 000360810100111

Investigation of cognitive functions with Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale's comprehension subtest and Mini-Mental State Examination in patients with end-stage renal diseases

WOS: 000364786400232

Correlation between vitamin D status and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale's comprehension subtest in patient with end-stage renal diseases

WOS: 000379514000214

Predictors of the Clinical Outcome After Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy for Acute Trauma-Related Symptomatic Medial Meniscal Tear in Patients More Than 60 Years of Age

WOS: 000377563900027PubMed: 26882967Purpose: To determine predictors of the clinical outcome after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy performed for acute trauma-related medial meniscal tear leading to mechanical symptoms in patients more than 60 years of age. Methods: In this retrospective study with 4.1 years' follow-up, the clinical data of 154 arthroscopic partial medial meniscectomies were evaluated. The body mass index (BMI), duration of symptoms, the hip-knee-ankle angle, type of the meniscal tear, presence of any chondral lesions, degenerative changes in the patellofemoral joint, the status of the cruciate ligaments and lateral meniscus, and the presence of any plica or synovitis were the independent variables. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale were the instruments used as outcome measures. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the major predictors. Results: The mean VAS score for 154 knees evaluated in this study improved from 5.6 points preoperatively to 2.3 points at the latest follow-up. The mean Lysholm score improved from 43 points to 72.7 points. VAS and Lysholm scores at the latest follow-up were significantly worse in patients with a preoperative BMI >= 26 kg/m(2), hip-knee-ankle angle > 5 degrees, grade III or IV chondral lesion of the medial compartment according to Outerbridge classification, degenerative changes in patellofemoral joint surfaces, and an anterior cruciate ligament that was either partially ruptured or degenerative with increased laxity. Conclusions: A preoperative BMI >= 26 kg/m2, Outerbridge grade III or IV chondral lesion of the medial compartment of the operated knee joint diagnosed during arthroscopic intervention, degenerative changes in patellofemoral joint surfaces, and the presence of an anterior cruciate ligament either partially ruptured or degenerative with increased laxity should be considered as the major predictors of the clinical outcome after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy performed for acute trauma-related symptomatic medial meniscal tear in patients more than 60 years of age. Level of Evidence: Level IV, prognostic case series

“Three-Step Approach” Versus “See-and-Treat Procedure” in women with “High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion” (HSIL) or “Atypical Squamous Cells cannot exclude HSIL” (ASC-H) Cytology

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between histological findings in women with HSIL or ASC-H who have undergone loop electrosurgical excisional procedure with “Three-Step Approach” and “See-and-Treat Procedure". Study Design: A retrospective review was performed in 171 women with cytologically detected HSIL or ASC-H. Sixty five women with HSIL cytology and 35 women with ASC-H cytology were managed by “Three-Step Approach”, 35 women with ASC-H and 36 women with HSIL cytology were managed by "See-and-Treat Procedure”. Rates of histopathological findings were compared in two strategies with respect to previous cytology. Results: Fifteen women with ASC-H (42.9%), and 24 women with HSIL (68.5%) had CIN 2-3 at loop electrosurgical excisional procedure specimens in the “See-and-Treat” group whereas 14 women with ASC-H (38.8%), and 43 women with HSIL (66.2%) had CIN 2-3 at loop electrosurgical excisional procedure specimens in the “Three-Step Approach” group. There was no significant difference in the rate of CIN 2+ lesions when two strategies were compared in women with HSIL and ASC-H (p=0.71 and p=0.72, respectively). The overtreatment rates were 22.9% and 48.6% for HSIL and ASC-H cytology, respectively in the “See and Treat” group. Conclusion: In the ASC-H group, the rate of CIN 2+ lesions is significantly high (51.4%). It seems rational to perform “See-and-Treat procedure” in the setting of ASC-H smears although the overtreatment rate seems to be high. Because of the rate of overtreatment, the “Three-Step Approach” seems to be more reasonable in women with ASC-H cytology who also have fertility concerns. After a cytological diagnosis of HSIL, “see and treat” approach seems to be a safe and time saving strategy