58 research outputs found
Détermination du débit de filtration glomérulaire (DFG) au cours du diabÚte : Cockroft et Gault, MDRD ou CKD-EPI ?
Plusieurs paramĂštres peuvent ĂȘtre Ă©tudiĂ©s pour Ă©valuer le rein. Parmi ceux-ci, le dĂ©bit de filtration glomĂ©rulaire (DFG) a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©terminĂ© avec les formules de Cockroft et Gault (CG), du Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) et du Chronic Kidney Disease EPIdemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) et la formule la mieux adaptĂ©e pour le diabĂ©tique a Ă©tĂ© recherchĂ©e. Chez 59 diabĂ©tiques de type 1 (DT1) et 70 diabĂ©tiques de type 2 (DT2), le DFG a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©terminĂ© avec les formules de CG, du MDRD et du CKD-EPI. Avec lâanalyse statistique, les seuils de significativitĂ© ont Ă©tĂ© fixĂ©s pour p<0,05 ; T0α>1,96 et Z0α>1,96. Le MDRD est superposable au CKD-EPI chez les DT1 et DT2. Chez les DT1, le DFG moyen et la corrĂ©lation entre 1/crĂ©atininĂ©mie et DFG ne varient pas si CG ou CKD-EPI ; cependant, les sujets Ă DFG rĂ©duit (< 90 ml/min/1,73 mÂČ) sont plus nombreux avec CG plutĂŽt quâavec CKD-EPI (66,10% vs 47,46% ; T0α=2,05). Chez les DT2, le DFG moyen et la proportion de sujets Ă DFG rĂ©duit sont indĂ©pendants de la formule utilisĂ©e, mais la corrĂ©lation entre 1/crĂ©atininĂ©mie et DFG est plus forte si CKD-EPI que CG (0,961 vs 0,632 ; Z0α=7,02). Ainsi, la formule la mieux adaptĂ©e pour la dĂ©termination du DFG serait CG chez les DT1 et CKD-EPI chez les DT2, sachant que CKD-EPI est Ă©quivalent Ă MDRD quel que soit le type de diabĂšte.Mots clĂ©s : Cockroft et Gault - MDRD - CKD-EPI â dĂ©bit de filtration glomĂ©rulaire (DFG) â diabĂšte
Magnitude and associated factors of latent tuberculosis infection due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex among high-risk groups in urban Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
Objectives: To determine the prevalence and risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among three high-risk groups - household contacts of TB index cases, healthcare workers and slaughterhouse workers - in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Methods: Participants were recruited to this cross-sectional study from March to July 2020 after giving informed consent. Sociodemographic, clinical and biological data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus test (QFT-Plus) and the tuberculin skin test (TST) were used for detection of LTBI. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for LTBI. Results: The prevalence of LTBI among 101 participants (age range 15-68 years) was 67.33% [95% confidence interval (CI) 57.27-76.33] and 84.16% (95% CI 75.55-90.66) based on QFT-Plus and TST results, respectively. Compared with healthcare workers and household contacts of TB index cases, the prevalence of LTBI among slaughterhouse workers was significantly higher for both QTF-Plus (96.8%; P /=15 years of exposure (AOR 5.617, 95% CI 1.202-32.198), having an animal at home (AOR 2.735, 95% CI 1.102-6.789) and protozoal infection (AOR 2.591, 95% CI 1.034-6.491) were significantly associated with LTBI on the QFT-Plus assay. Conclusion: The prevalence of LTBI was high in all three groups, particularly slaughterhouse workers. The risk factors identified could form the basis of targeted intervention
Global respiratory syncytial virusârelated infant community deaths
Background
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of pediatric death, with >99% of mortality occurring in low- and lower middle-income countries. At least half of RSV-related deaths are estimated to occur in the community, but clinical characteristics of this group of children remain poorly characterized.
Methods
The RSV Global Online Mortality Database (RSV GOLD), a global registry of under-5 children who have died with RSV-related illness, describes clinical characteristics of children dying of RSV through global data sharing. RSV GOLD acts as a collaborative platform for global deaths, including community mortality studies described in this supplement. We aimed to compare the age distribution of infant deaths <6 months occurring in the community with in-hospital.
Results
We studied 829 RSV-related deaths <1 year of age from 38 developing countries, including 166 community deaths from 12 countries. There were 629 deaths that occurred <6 months, of which 156 (25%) occurred in the community. Among infants who died before 6 months of age, median age at death in the community (1.5 months; IQR: 0.8â3.3) was lower than in-hospital (2.4 months; IQR: 1.5â4.0; Pâ
<â
.0001). The proportion of neonatal deaths was higher in the community (29%, 46/156) than in-hospital (12%, 57/473, Pâ
<â
0.0001).
Conclusions
We observed that children in the community die at a younger age. We expect that maternal vaccination or immunoprophylaxis against RSV will have a larger impact on RSV-related mortality in the community than in-hospital. This case series of RSV-related community deaths, made possible through global data sharing, allowed us to assess the potential impact of future RSV vaccines
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