58 research outputs found

    Détermination du débit de filtration glomérulaire (DFG) au cours du diabÚte : Cockroft et Gault, MDRD ou CKD-EPI ?

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    Plusieurs paramĂštres peuvent ĂȘtre Ă©tudiĂ©s pour Ă©valuer le rein. Parmi ceux-ci, le dĂ©bit de filtration glomĂ©rulaire (DFG) a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©terminĂ© avec les formules de Cockroft et Gault (CG), du Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) et du Chronic Kidney Disease EPIdemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) et la formule la mieux adaptĂ©e pour le diabĂ©tique a Ă©tĂ© recherchĂ©e. Chez 59 diabĂ©tiques de type 1 (DT1) et 70 diabĂ©tiques de type 2 (DT2), le DFG a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©terminĂ© avec les formules de CG, du MDRD et du CKD-EPI. Avec l’analyse statistique, les seuils de significativitĂ© ont Ă©tĂ© fixĂ©s pour p<0,05 ; T0α>1,96 et Z0α>1,96. Le MDRD est superposable au CKD-EPI chez les DT1 et DT2. Chez les DT1, le DFG moyen et la corrĂ©lation entre 1/crĂ©atininĂ©mie et DFG ne varient pas si CG ou CKD-EPI ; cependant, les sujets Ă  DFG rĂ©duit (< 90 ml/min/1,73 mÂČ) sont plus nombreux avec CG plutĂŽt qu’avec CKD-EPI (66,10% vs 47,46% ; T0α=2,05). Chez les DT2, le DFG moyen et la proportion de sujets Ă  DFG rĂ©duit sont indĂ©pendants de la formule utilisĂ©e, mais la corrĂ©lation entre 1/crĂ©atininĂ©mie et DFG est plus forte si CKD-EPI que CG (0,961 vs 0,632 ; Z0α=7,02). Ainsi, la formule la mieux adaptĂ©e pour la dĂ©termination du DFG serait CG chez les DT1 et CKD-EPI chez les DT2, sachant que CKD-EPI est Ă©quivalent Ă  MDRD quel que soit le type de diabĂšte.Mots clĂ©s : Cockroft et Gault - MDRD - CKD-EPI – dĂ©bit de filtration glomĂ©rulaire (DFG) – diabĂšte

    Magnitude and associated factors of latent tuberculosis infection due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex among high-risk groups in urban Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

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    Objectives: To determine the prevalence and risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among three high-risk groups - household contacts of TB index cases, healthcare workers and slaughterhouse workers - in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Methods: Participants were recruited to this cross-sectional study from March to July 2020 after giving informed consent. Sociodemographic, clinical and biological data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus test (QFT-Plus) and the tuberculin skin test (TST) were used for detection of LTBI. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for LTBI. Results: The prevalence of LTBI among 101 participants (age range 15-68 years) was 67.33% [95% confidence interval (CI) 57.27-76.33] and 84.16% (95% CI 75.55-90.66) based on QFT-Plus and TST results, respectively. Compared with healthcare workers and household contacts of TB index cases, the prevalence of LTBI among slaughterhouse workers was significantly higher for both QTF-Plus (96.8%; P /=15 years of exposure (AOR 5.617, 95% CI 1.202-32.198), having an animal at home (AOR 2.735, 95% CI 1.102-6.789) and protozoal infection (AOR 2.591, 95% CI 1.034-6.491) were significantly associated with LTBI on the QFT-Plus assay. Conclusion: The prevalence of LTBI was high in all three groups, particularly slaughterhouse workers. The risk factors identified could form the basis of targeted intervention

    Immunoregulation in human malaria: the challenge of understanding asymptomatic infection

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    Global respiratory syncytial virus–related infant community deaths

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    Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of pediatric death, with >99% of mortality occurring in low- and lower middle-income countries. At least half of RSV-related deaths are estimated to occur in the community, but clinical characteristics of this group of children remain poorly characterized. Methods The RSV Global Online Mortality Database (RSV GOLD), a global registry of under-5 children who have died with RSV-related illness, describes clinical characteristics of children dying of RSV through global data sharing. RSV GOLD acts as a collaborative platform for global deaths, including community mortality studies described in this supplement. We aimed to compare the age distribution of infant deaths <6 months occurring in the community with in-hospital. Results We studied 829 RSV-related deaths <1 year of age from 38 developing countries, including 166 community deaths from 12 countries. There were 629 deaths that occurred <6 months, of which 156 (25%) occurred in the community. Among infants who died before 6 months of age, median age at death in the community (1.5 months; IQR: 0.8−3.3) was lower than in-hospital (2.4 months; IQR: 1.5−4.0; P < .0001). The proportion of neonatal deaths was higher in the community (29%, 46/156) than in-hospital (12%, 57/473, P < 0.0001). Conclusions We observed that children in the community die at a younger age. We expect that maternal vaccination or immunoprophylaxis against RSV will have a larger impact on RSV-related mortality in the community than in-hospital. This case series of RSV-related community deaths, made possible through global data sharing, allowed us to assess the potential impact of future RSV vaccines
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