Two distinct polypeptides may be translated from a single spliced mRNA of the X genes of human T-cell leukemia and bovine leukemia viruses

AbstractHuman T-cell leukemia and bovine leukemia viruses have a potential transforming gene, termed X. In addition to the major open reading frame known to encode a functional protein, the X gene harbors another short open reading frame which overlaps this major one. Both of these open reading frames are found on a single spliced X mRNA in a potentially functional form. Circumstantial evidence strongly suggests that they are both translated from the single X mRNA molecule, showing striking similarity to the translation mechanism of an adenovirus Elb gene mRNA. We note that the short open reading frame has the capability to encode a putative nuclear protein with structural features similar to those of an AIDS virus trans-acting protein

Description of two new species of the Exocelina broschii-group from Papua New Guinea, with revision and key to all representatives of this species group (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Copelatinae)

Two new species of Exocelina Broun, 1886 from Papua New Guinea are described herein: E. mondmillensis sp. n. and E. pseudomarinae sp. n. They are placed into the E. broschii-group based on the shovel/fork-like ventral sclerites of their median lobe. While the former has rather distinct combination of the morphological characters (inconspicuous dorsal punctation, thin apex of the median lobe and ventral sclerite of the median lobe with two tips of different length), the latter is very similar to already described species E. marinae (Shaverdo, Sagata & Balke, 2005). All described species of the group are revised and a key to their identification is provided. Important diagnostic characters (habitus, color, protarsomeres 4-5, median lobes, and parameres) are illustrated. Data on the distribution of all species of the group are given showing that its representatives occur only in Papua New Guinea and most of them are widely distributed in it central part

Taxonomic revision of New Guinea diving beetles of the Exocelina danae group, with the description of ten new species (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Copelatinae)

Ten new species of Exocelina Broun, 1886 from New Guinea are described: E. andakombensis sp. n., E. garaina sp. n., E. injiensis sp. n., E. kabwumensis sp. n., E. marawaga sp. n., E. posmani sp. n., E. tekadu sp. n., E. varirata sp. n., E. wareaga sp. n., and E. woitapensis sp. n. All of them together with five already described species are united into the newly defined E. danae-group (with E. miriae-subgroup), a polyphyletic complex of related species with lateral setation on the median lobe. In the light of newly available material, all previously described species of the E. rivulus-group are considered to belong to a single species, E. damantiensis (Balke, 1998), which is now placed into the E. danae-group, and three new synonyms are therefore proposed: E. madangensis (Balke, 2001) syn. n., E. patepensis (Balke, 1998) syn. n., and E. rivulus (Balke, 1998) syn. n. Exocelina tarmluensis (Balke, 1998) syn. n. is a junior synonym of E. danae (Balke, 1998). Redescription of E. atratus (Balfour-Browne, 1939) is provided based on its type material. An identification key to all known species of the group is provided, and important diagnostic characters are illustrated. Data on the species distribution are given, showing that whilst most species are local endemics, E. damantiensis is extremely widely distributed

Politika NDH prema Međimurju

Područje Međimurja u Drugom svjetskom ratu, nakon kratkotrajne ustaške vlasti, pripalo je Mađarskoj. Ustaška vlast u Zagrebu nikad nije priznala mađarsku okupaciju Međimurja. O problemu mađarske okupacije Međimurja i odnosu NDH prema Međimurju u dosadašnjoj se historiografiji pisalo malo i većina je tih radova nepovezana u jednu cjelinu. U vrijeme socijalističke Jugoslavije povjesničari su najčešće pisali o partizanskom pokretu u Međimurju. Nakon 1990. počinje se pisati i o problemu Međimurja kroz dokumente NDH. Cilj ovog rada je da obuhvati u jednu cjelinu mađarsku okupaciju Međimurja i odnos NDH prema okupaciji. U ovom radu baviti ću se i pitanjem svećenstva u Međimurju koje je unatoč mađarskoj okupaciji ostalo pod nadležnošću Zagrebačke nadbiskupije. Glavni izvori za diplomski rad su arhivsko gradivo ustaške vlasti; Ministarstvo vanjskih poslova NDH, Velika župa Zagorje, Kotarska oblast Čakovec-Prelog u Varaždinu. Važnu građu iz njemačkih arhiva, a koja se tiče pitanja Međimurja, donosi Bogdan Krizman u svojim knjigama Ante Pavelić i Ustaše i NDH između Hitlera i Mussolinija. Arhivsko gradivo o svećenstvu u Međimurju nalazi se u Nadbiskupskom arhivu u Zagrebu

Description of 23 new species of the Exocelina ekari-group from New Guinea, with a key to all representatives of the group (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Copelatinae)

Twenty three new species of Exocelina Broun, 1886 from New Guinea are described herein: E. bewaniensis sp. n.,E. bismarckensis sp. n.,E. craterensis sp. n.,E. gorokaensis sp. n.,E. herowana sp. n.,E. jimiensis sp. n.,E. kisli sp. n.,E. ksionseki sp. n.,E. lembena sp. n.,E. mantembu sp. n.,E. michaelensis sp. n.,E. pinocchio sp. n.,E. pseudoastrophallus sp. n.,E. pseudobifida sp. n.,E. pseudoedeltraudae sp. n.,E. pseudoeme sp. n.,E. sandaunensis sp. n.,E. simbaiarea sp. n.,E. skalei sp. n.,E. tabubilensis sp. n.,E. tariensis sp. n.,E. vovai sp. n.,and E. wannangensis sp. n. All of them have been found to belong to the E. ekari-group. An identification key to all known species of the group is provided, and important diagnostic characters (habitus, color, male antennae, protarsomeres 4-5, median lobes, and parameres) are illustrated. Data on the distribution of the new species and some already described species are given

PENGARUH HARGA, REKREASI DAN PEMBELIAN IMPULSIF TERHADAP POSITIVE WORD OF MOUTH MELALUI KESESUAIAN HARAPAN DI MATAHARI DEPARTMENT STORE SURABAYA

The purpose of this study is to examine empirical t he effects of Price, Recreation, and Impulsive Buying to Positive Word o f Mouth through Expectation Congruence in Matahari Department Store Surabaya. T his research used primary data with survey method and used questionnaires. This researc h involved 100 customers in Matahari Department Store Surabaya. In this research used de pendent variable was Positive Word of Mouth, independent variable were used Price, Recreat ion, and Impulsive Buying also intervening variable was Expectation Congruence. Th e result of Warp PLS 4.0 that Price, Recreation, and Impulsive Buying have a significant effect to Expectation Congruence and then Expectation Congruence have a significant eff ect to Positive Word of Mouth. Keywords : Price, Recreation, Impulsive Buying, Expectation Congruence, Positive Word of Mout

Integrative taxonomy on the fast track - towards more sustainability in biodiversity research

Background: A so called ``taxonomic impediment{''} has been recognized as a major obstacle to biodiversity research for the past two decades. Numerous remedies were then proposed. However, neither significant progress in terms of formal species descriptions, nor a minimum standard for descriptions have been achieved so far. Here, we analyze the problems of traditional taxonomy which often produces keys and descriptions of limited practical value. We suggest that phylogenetics and phenetics had a subtle and so far unnoticed effect on taxonomy leading to inflated species descriptions. Discussion: The term ``turbo-taxonomy{''} was recently coined for an approach combining cox1 sequences, concise morphological descriptions by an expert taxonomist, and high-resolution digital imaging to streamline the formal description of larger numbers of new species. We propose a further development of this approach which, together with open access web-publication and automated pushing of content from journal into a wiki, may create the most efficient and sustainable way to conduct taxonomy in the future. On demand, highly concise descriptions can be gradually updated or modified in the fully versioned wiki-framework we use. This means that the visibility of additional data is not compromised, while the original species description -the first version- remains preserved in the wiki, and of course in the journal version. A DNA sequence database with an identification engine replaces an identification key, helps to avoid synonyms and has the potential to detect grossly incorrect generic placements. We demonstrate the functionality of a species-description pipeline by naming 101 new species of hyperdiverse New Guinea Trigonopterus weevils in the open-access journal ZooKeys. Summary: Fast track taxonomy will not only increase speed, but also sustainability of global species inventories. It will be of great practical value to all the other disciplines that depend on a usable taxonomy and will change our perception of global biodiversity. While this approach is certainly not suitable for all taxa alike, it is the tool that will help to tackle many hyperdiverse groups and pave the road for more sustainable comparative studies, e.g. in community ecology, phylogeography and large scale biogeographic studies