Structural differences in languages

The relevance of the investigated problem is caused by the fact that lexical antonymy of different structure languages, such as English and Tatar, was not the subject of a separate study. This research paper deals with the problem of antonymy and different classifications existing in non-related languages nowadays. The article considers antonyms-reversives as a subclass of directional opposition. The main aim of this paper is to depict the typological peculiarities of antonym-reversives formation based on genetically non-related English and Tatar languages. We set the task to identify antonyms-reversives of the given languages, define their semantics, determine the thematic groups of this type of antonyms, and compare the structural peculiarities of their formation.peer-reviewe

PENGARUH PENYEMPROTAN AIR PADA PEMBUATAN CHURROS PANGGANG TERHADAP DAYA TERIMA KONSUMEN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penyemprotan air pada pembuatan churros panggang terhadap daya terima konsumen, yang meliputi aspek penilaian warna, aroma, rasa, pori dan tekstur. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Pastry dan Bakery, Pendidikan Vokasional Seni Kuliner, Universitas Negeri Jakarta pada bulan Januari 2020 sampai Maret 2020. Pada penelitian ini churros pangang diberikan tambahan perlakuan berupa penyemprotan air sebelum proses pemanggangan. Penyemprotan air yang digunakan sebanyak P1 (5%), P2 (10%) dan P3 (15%). Penelitian ini menggunakan uji organoleptik yang diujikan kepada 3 panelis ahli (Dosen Pendidikan Tata Boga) dan 30 panelis tidak terlatih. Hasil uji hedonik menunjukan bahwa rata-rata tertinggi daya terima konsumen pada churros panggang dengan penyemprotan air P2 (10%) dilihat dari aspek warna, aroma, rasa, pori dan tekstur dalam berada pada rentan suka. Hasil analisis menggunakan uji Friedman dengan taraf signifikan α = 0,05. Hasil uji Friedman menunjukan perlakuan tidak berpengaruh terhadap aspek warna, aroma, rasa, tekstur dalam dan tekstur luar, namun terdapat pengaruh penyemprotan air pada pembuatan churros panggang terhadap daya terima konsumen aspek pori. Hasil uji Tuckey’s menunjukan bahwa penyemprotan air P2 (10%) pada pembuatan churros panggang paling disukai konsumen. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, maka pembuatan churros panggang dengan penyemprotan air P2 (10%) dapat direkomendasikan sebagai hasil olahan churros panggang penyemprotan air terbaik. This study aims to analysis the influence of water spraying in the cooking process of baked churros on customer’s acceptance , which includes aspects of color, flavour, taste, pores and texture. The study was conducted from January 2020 to March 2020 at the Pastry & Bakery Laboratory, Vocational Culinary Art Education Program, State University of Jakarta. In this analysis, extra treatment was provided to baked churros in the form of spraying water prior to the baking process. The water used for spraying is P1 (5%), P2 (10%) and P3 (15%). This study used an organoleptic test which was tested on 3 expert panelists and 30 untrained panelists. The hedonic test results showed that by spraying water with P2 (10%), the highest average customer’s acceptance of baked churros seen from the aspects of color, aroma, taste, pores and inner texture was vulnerable to like. The Friedman test with a significant level of α = 0.05 was used in the results of the study. The Friedman test results showed that the treatment did not affect the aspects of color, aroma, taste, inner texture and outer texture, but that it had an effect on the pore aspects. Tuckey's test results showed that in the cooking of baked churros, spraying P2 (10%) water was most favored by consumers. Based on these findings, the production of baked churros by spraying water with P2 (10%) can be recommended as a result of the best water spraying baked churros

Influence Of Water Spraying In The Cooking Process Of Baked Churros On Customer’s Acceptance

This study aims to examine the influence of water spraying in the cooking process of baked churros on customer’s acceptance , which includes aspects of color, aroma, taste, pores and texture. The study was conducted from January 2020 to March 2020 at the Culinary Analysis and Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Jakarta State University. In this analysis, extra treatment was provided to baked churros in the form of spraying water prior to the baking process. This study used an organoleptic test which was tested on 3 expert panelists (Culinary Education Lecturers) and 30 untrained panelists. The hedonic test results showed that by spraying water with P2, the highest average customer’s acceptance of baked churros seen from the aspects of color, aroma, taste, pores and inner texture was vulnerable to like. The Friedman test with a significant level of α = 0.05 was used in the results of the study. The Friedman test results showed that the treatment did not affect the aspects of color, aroma, taste, inner texture and outer texture, but that it had an effect on the pore aspects. Tuckey's test results showed that in the cooking of baked churros, spraying P2 water was most favored by consumers. Based on these findings, the production of baked churros by spraying water with P2 can be recommended as a result of the best water spraying baked churros. Keyword: Baked Churros, Consumer Acceptance, Water Spraying

GENERAL CULTURAL COMPETENCE ASSESSMENT OF THE NON-LINGUISTIC FACULTY STUDENTS

Все возрастающие требования современного рынка труда ставят перед ВУЗами новые задачи по повышению уровня качества конечного образовательного продук-та – выпускника. Федеральный государственный образовательный стандарт, действующий как средство согласования этих запросов с квалификациями в сфере образования,предполагает овладение студентами не только сугубо профессиональными, но и универсальными компетенциями. Знание выпускником иностранного языка значительно повышает егоконкурентоспособность. Статья анализирует общекультурную компетенцию 13, осваиваемую в результате изучения дисциплины «Иностранный язык» и предлагает методикуоценивания ее сформированности у студентов неязыковых специальностей.Разработан фонд оценочных средств с определением наиболее эффективного, а также структурированыуровни владения рассматриваемой компетенцией.Цель: разработать методику оценивания сформированности общекультурной компетенции 13 у студентов неязыковых специальностей.Метод и методология проведения работы. При работе над статьей были использованы общенаучные методы сравнения и классификации. Анализ научной литературыиматериаловпериодической печати по теме исследования позволил проследить становление научных подходов к определению и пониманию категории компетенции применительно к образовательномупроцессу.Результаты. Был разработан набор заданий для оценивания уровня сформированности рассматриваемой компетенции по шкале от 1 до 5 с подробным описанием степени освоениякомпетенции на каждом уровне. Наиболее продуктивным средством оценивания был определен электронный образовательный ресурс.The growing demands of the present-day labormarket request the higher education quality. Federal Educational Standard suggests that students should acquire both professional and universalcompetencies in order to meet these requirements. Knowledge of foreign language gives the great advantage in the market. The study reviews general cultural competence 13 that is being developed inthe process of foreign language learning as well as proposes the technique of its assessment of non – linguistic faculty students. A set of evaluating tools with the most effective one was designated.General cultural competence levels of assessment were characterized.Purpose: to develop general cultural competence 13 evaluation techniques of non – linguistic faculty students.Methods. The use of general scientific methods such as classification and comparison as well as method of theoretical analysis of scientific literature and periodicals on the issue enabled the authorsto trace the development of approaches towards competence-based education.Results. In order to achieve a goal a set of assignments was worked out with a measurement scale from 1 to 5 for each level of competence acquirement. The authors came to conclusion that e-learning environmentis the highest-performance instrument in assessing students’ general competence level

Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Kejahatan Money Laundering: Studi Kasus Binary Option Ds

Abstract: This paper examines the Criminal Act of Money Laundering (TPPU). The author analyzes the legal process carried out by law enforcement officials against the Money Laundering Act of Brother DS in the Realm of Criminal Law in Indonesia. DS's brother was officially named as a suspect in the case of alleged fraud and non-money laundering (TPPU) by the Police Civic Office. The writing methodology in this study generally uses qualitative research with a juridical-normative approach with several literature references obtained in this study that fraud and money laundering are violations of article 3 of the Law. No. 8 of 2010 which can endanger the stability of the life of society, nation and state based on the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. However, at the end of the trial process, the judge actually ruled that DS's brother was not proven to have committed a criminal act of money laundering based on the results of the judge's analysis related to applicable regulations in Indonesia, so that the charges expected by the public prosecutor were not in accordance with the judge's decision at the final hearing. Abstrak: Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang (TPPU). Penulis menganalisis proses hukum yang dilakukan oleh aparat penegak hukum terhadap Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang Saudara DS dalam Ranah Hukum Pidana di Indonesia. Saudara DS resmi ditetapkan sebagai tersangka dalam perkara dugaan penipuan dan tidak pencucian uang (TPPU) oleh Bareskrim Polri. Metodologi penulisan dalam penelitian ini secara umum menggunakan  penelitian kualitatif  dengan pendekatan yuridis-normatif dengan beberapa referensi kepustakaan yang di peroleh dalam penelitian ini bahwa tindakan penipuan dan pencucian uang merupakan pelanggaran terhadap  pasal 3 UU. No. 8 Tahun 2010 yang dapat membahayakan stabilitas kehidupan bersmasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara berdasarkan Undang-Undang Dasar Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Namun pada akhir proses persidangan, hakim justru memutuskan bahwa saudara DS tidak terbukti melakukan tindak pidana pencucian uang berdasarkan hasil analisis hakim terkait dengan peraturan yang berlaku di Indonesia, sehingga tuntutan yang diharapkan oleh jaksa penuntut umum tidak sesuai dengan putusan hakim pada sidang akhir

Derivation, Characterization, and Stable Transfection of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Fischer344 Rats

The rat represents an important animal model that, in many respects, is superior to the mouse for dissecting behavioral, cardiovascular and other physiological pathologies relevant to humans. Derivation of induced pluripotent stem cells from rats (riPS) opens the opportunity for gene targeting in specific rat strains, as well as for the development of new protocols for the treatment of different degenerative diseases. Here, we report an improved lentivirus-based hit-and-run riPS derivation protocol that makes use of small inhibitors of MEK and GSK3. We demonstrate that the excision of proviruses does not affect either the karyotype or the differentiation ability of these cells. We show that the established riPS cells are readily amenable to genetic manipulations such as stable electroporation. Finally, we propose a genetic tool for an improvement of riPS cell quality in culture. These data may prompt iPS cell-based gene targeting in rat as well as the development of iPS cell-based therapies using disease models established in this species

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Investigating the functions of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) in neural stem/progenitor cells and developing mouse brain

Neurale Stammzellen (NSZ) sind, mit der Fähigkeit zur Selbsterneuerung und Differenzierung in Neurone und Gliazellen, multipotent. Die Untersuchung von Regulatoren der Eigenschaften von NSZ, könnte zur Steuerung ihrer Bestimmung beitragen. Das Low-density Lipoprotein Receptor-related Protein 1 (LRP1) ist in NSZ des sich entwickelnden zentralen Nervensystems (ZNS) angereichert, seine Funktion aber unklar. Das Ziel meines Projektes war die Untersuchung der Rolle von LRP1 in NSZ des ZNS. Durch konditionelle Deletion von LRP1 konnten LRP1-Knockout (ko) und -Wildtyp (WT)-Zellen verglichen werden. LRP1-ko-Zellen zeigten weniger Proliferation, kürzeres Überleben sowie ein verändertes Differenzierungsprofil. In vivo führt LRP-ko im sich entwickelnden Vorderhirn zu epileptischen Anfällen. Eine Hochregulierung von NMDAR auf der Neuronen-Oberfläche und ein Ungleichgewicht der Glia-Zell-Komposition könnten dabei in den ko-Tieren zum Ausbruch der Epilepsie beitragen.Neural stem cells (NSCs) are multipotent cells with a capacity to self-renew and differentiate into neurons and glia. Investigating the modulators of NCSs' properties may help to control their fate. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) is enriched in the NSCs of the developing central nervous system (CNS), however the functions of LRP1 in the development are still unclear. Therefore studying the role of LRP1 in the NSCs and developing CNS became the aim of my project. Upon conditional deletion of LRP1, I compared stem cell properties of LRP1 knockout (ko) and wild type cells. LRP1 ko had a negative effect on proliferation and survival of the NCSs. Moreover, the ko cells demonstrated a shifted differentiation profile. In vivo ko of LRP in the developing forebrain caused epileptic seizures. An upregulation of the neurotransmitter receptor NMDAR on the surface of the neurons and an imbalance in glial cell composition in the ko animals may contribute to seizure onset

SOX9 Protein in Pancreatic Cancer Regulates Multiple Cellular Networks in a Cell-Specific Manner

SOX9 is upregulated in the majority of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cases. It is hypothesized that the increased expression of SOX9 is necessary for the formation and maintenance of tumor phenotypes in pancreatic cancer cells. In our research, we studied six pancreatic cancer cell lines, which displayed varying levels of differentiation and a range of oncogenic mutations. We chose the method of downregulation of SOX9 expression via siRNA transfection as the main method for investigating the functional role of the SOX9 factor in pancreatic cancer cells. We discovered that the downregulation of SOX9 expression in the cell lines leads to cell-line-specific changes in the expression levels of epithelial and mesenchymal protein markers. Additionally, the downregulation of SOX9 expression had a specific effect on the expression of pancreatic developmental master genes. SOX9 downregulation had the greatest effect on the expression levels of the protein regulators of cell proliferation. In three of the four cell lines studied, the transfection of siSOX9 led to a significant decrease in proliferative activity and to the activation of proapoptotic caspases in transfected cells. The acquired results demonstrate that the SOX9 protein exerts its multiple functions as a pleiotropic regulator of differentiation and a potential promoter of tumor growth in a cell-specific manner in pancreatic cancer cells

Functional efficiency of PCR vectors in vitro and at the organism level.

The functional efficiency of the expression cassettes integrated into a plasmid and a PCR- amplified fragment was comparatively analyzed after transient transfection in vitro or introduction into the developing embryo of Danio rerio. The cassettes contained the reporter genes, luciferase of Photinus pyralis (luc) or enhanced green fluorescent protein, under the control of the promoter of human cytomegalovirus immediate-early genes. In the in vitro system, the efficiency of the circular plasmid was 2.5 times higher than that of the PCR- amplified fragment. The effect of mutations in the expression cassette on the efficiency of the transgene expression in the PCR- amplified fragment was quantitatively evaluated. The mutations generated after 25 amplification cycles with Taq DNA polymerase decreased luciferase activity in transfected cells by 65-85%. Thus, mutations are the key factor of decreased functional efficiency of the PCR- amplified fragment relative to the circular plasmid in this experimental model, while other factors apparently have a lesser impact. At the organism level, no significant difference in the expression efficiency of the plasmid and PCR- amplified fragment has been revealed. Comparison of the vector efficiencies in in vivo and in vitro systems demonstrates that the level of luciferase in the D. rerio cell lysate, normalized to the molar concentration of the vector, is by three orders of magnitude higher than that after the cell transfection in vitro, which indicates that the quantitative data obtained for in vitro systems should not be directly extrapolated to the organism level