Determination of Radioactivity Concentrations on Sediment the Euphrates River on Babylon Governorate

تم في هذه الدراسة تقيم مستوى النشاط الاشعاعي الطبيعي والصناعي  في نماذج رواسب نهر الفرات في محافظة بابل بأستعمال  تقنية مطيافية اشعة كاما مع كاشف ايوديد الصوديوم NaI(Tl). حيث جمع 50 نموذجاً من الرواسب من نهر الفرات. اظهرت النتائج أن معدل النشاط الاشعاعي النوعي بوحدة Bq/kg)) لكل من اليورانيوم ((    والثوريوم  والبوتاسيوم  والسيزيوم  لنماذج الرواسب كان 21.815 و5.326 و 273.377  و0.879 على التوالي، وتم حساب مؤشرات الخطورة الاشعاعية ، حيث أن معدل فعالية الراديوم المكافئ Raeq كان 56.084، اما معدل  دليل  الخطورة لأشعة كاما  كان 0.420، اما معدل نسبة الجرعة الممتصة في الهواء AD كان 27.347، وقد بينت نتائج الدراسة الحالية ان معدلات الفعالية النوعية ومعدلات مؤشرات الخطورة الاشعاعية في نموذج الرواسب في نهر الفرت محافظة بابل كانت جميعها اقل من الحد المقبول به عالميا.In the current study determination of the natural and artificial activity level on samples sediment the Euphrates River on Babylon  governorate using  -ray spectrometry technique with NaI(Tl) detector. Where 50 samples of sediment Euphrates river. The  results revealed that the average values in( Bq/kg) for Uranium , Thorium  Potassium  And , and samples sediment were ( 21.815, 5.326, 273.377, 0.879) respectively. The hazard indexes were also calculated, where the radium average equivalent activity Raeq was 56.084 , And Hazard index for -ray ( ) was 0.420 , The average absorbed does in Air (AD) was 27.347, The results of the present study have shown that the rates of Specific activity and radiological hazard effects Rate for Gamma ray in samples sediment the Euphrates River on Babylon governorate were all lower  than the value of the global limit

Build A Secure Healthcare System Based On the Metadata of Patient Information

Building a secure healthcare system based on metadata involves several key steps to ensure that patient information remains confidential and secure. Metadata refers to information about data, such as the time and date of creation, author, and location, rather than the content of the data itself. In this paper, there are many steps that considered when building a secure healthcare system based on metadata: we begin with defining metadata standards: Establishing metadata standards for healthcare data can help ensure consistency and interoperability across different systems. This can include standards for data elements, data formats, and data models. Implement access controls: Access controls should be implemented to restrict access to sensitive patient data. Role-based access control can be used to limit access to specific data based on job responsibilities. Use encryption: Encryption can be used to protect patient data from unauthorized access. Data encryption should be implemented at rest and in transit to protect data at all times. Secure storage: Patient data should be stored securely, including backups and archives. Secure storage can help prevent data loss and unauthorized access. We obtain a perfect time for processing compare with other resources and perfect time for check the metadata  and hyperlink of patient's information

Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm with Extensive Cutaneous and Central Nervous System Involvement

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic neoplasm is an exceedingly rare tumor that has undergone several changes in nomenclature over the last two decades, largely because of confusion regarding its cell of origin. It does, however, have distinctive clinical features with a particularly aggressive clinical course and no standard treatment. Overall, prognosis is poor and relapse is routine after initial response to chemotherapy. In this report, we describe a typical patient with this disease and reconcile the available literature and its evolution. We emphasize the leukemic nature of this tumor\u27s behavior, with extensive central nervous system and skin involvement, and describe for the first time a potential role for maintenance chemotherapy in its treatment

Multimodality Therapy Improves Survival in Intramedullary Spinal Cord Metastasis of Lung Primary

Background: Most metastatic spinal cord lesions are located either in the intradural, extramedullary, or in the epidural compartments. Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis (ISCM) is a rare central nervous system spread of cancer. The aim of this report was to evaluate ISCM in the published literature. Methods: A literature review of PubMed from 1960 to 2016 was undertaken for the publications having demographic, clinical, histological, and outcome data. Results: A total of 59 relevant papers were identified, showing 128 cases of intramedullary metastasis from lung cancer. The incidence of lung cancer as the primary malignancy with intramedullary metastasis was 56%. The median time from diagnosis of primary to intramedullary metastasis was 6 months. Survival improved with multimodality therapy compared to monotherapy (4 months vs. 6.3 months) (hazard ratio = 0.501; 95% confidence interval, 0.293–0.857). Conclusion: Lung cancer is the predominant cause of intramedullary involvement of the spinal cord. Overall prognosis is poor, although a multimodality approach was associated with improved survival

Optimization of thermoluminescence response of copper doped zinc lithium borate glass co-doped with Na2O

Establishing the basic procedures that will influence the enhancement of the TL yield of a phosphor is paramount in the issue of dosimetry. Melt quenching method was adopted in synthesizing lithium borate glass modified with ZnO, doped with CuO and codoped with Na2O. The structural and optical properties of zinc lithium borate and some TL properties of copper doped zinc lithium borate were reported in our previous works. The amorphous nature of the prepared glasses was confirmed by x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Physical properties of the glass were obtained via Archimedes principle. The copper doped zinc lithium borate was co-doped with different concentration of Na2O (0.025 mol % to 0.1 mol %). The glasses were irradiated with 4 Gy dose of gamma rays using 60Co gamma cell. The highest TL response was recorded against 0.05 mol% concentration of Na2O. The best settings for TLD reading of the proposed TLD were determined. The optimal annealing temperature and time for this composition was found to be 300 oC and 50 min respectively. The best heating rate at which the new TLD can be readout was 3 oC S-1

Strontium ion concentration effects on structural and spectral properties of Li4Sr(BO3)(3) glass

Optimizing the concentration of host borate glass system to achieve a superior thermal and structural stability is challenging for sundry applications. A series of lithium strontium borate (LSBO) glasses with composition of (85 - x) H3BO3 - 15Li2CO3 - xSrCO3, where x = 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15 mol% are prepared via melt quenching technique. Synthesized glasses are thoroughly characterized using XRD, FTIR, DTA, FESEM, PL, and UV-vis-NIR measurements to determine the influence of strontium (Sr2+) ion concentration on thermal, physical, and structural properties of the glasses. XRD pattern confirms the amorphous nature of all samples. The FESEM images verify their homogeneous and transmitting surface morphology. Physical properties are determined in terms of glass density, molar volume, molar refractivity, polaron radius, inter-nuclear distance, field-strength, and ion concentration. Glass density is found to increase from 2.53 to 2.95 g/cm3 with increasing Sr2+ ion contents. FTIR spectra exhibit the presence of two fundamental peaks in the range of 700-1070 cm-1 corresponding to the trigonal and tetrahedral stretching vibrations of BO3 and BO4 units. These peaks show a shift with the increase of modifier concentration. DTA results display peaks for glass transition, crystallization and melting at 500, 600 and 900°C, respectively. Prepared samples are highly stable with Hurby parameter ~ 0.5. The direct, indirect band gap and Urbach energy calculated from the absorption edge of UV-vis-NIR spectra lie within 3.4-3.8 eV and 3.84-3.93 eV, 3.84-3.25 eV, respectively. The observed increase in refractive index from 2.17-2.19 is ascribed to the conversion of BO4 into BO3 units. Room temperature PL spectra under 430 nm excitations display two peaks centered at 482 and 526 nm accompanied by slight peak shift towards the lower wavelength due to the formation of new complexes in the glass network. Results are analyzed via different mechanism and compared. Excellent features of the results nominate these compositions potential for solid state lasers, photonic devices, and optical fibers applications

Age Adjusted Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Comorbidity Index Predicts Survival in a T-Cell Depleted Cohort

Objectives: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) continues to evolve with the treatment in higher risk patient population. This practice mandates stringent update and validation of risk stratification prior to undergoing such a complex and potentially fatal procedure. We examined the adoption of the new comorbidity index (HCT-CI/Age) proposed by the Seattle group after the addition of age variable and compared it to the pre-transplant assessment of mortality (PAM) that already incorporates age as part of its evaluation criteria. Methods: A retrospective analysis of adult patients who underwent HCT at our institution from January 2010 through August 2014 was performed. Kaplan-Meier’s curve, log-rank tests, Cox model and Pearson correlation was used in the analysis. Results: Of the 114 patients that underwent allogeneic transplant in our institution, 75.4% were ≥ 40 years old. More than 58% had a DLCO ≤ 80%. Although scores were positively correlated (correlation coefficient 0.43, p \u3c 0.001), HCT-CI/Age more accurately predicted 2-year overall survival (OS) and non-relapse mortality (NRM) in patients with lower (0–4) and higher (5–7) scores (52% and 36% versus 24% and 76%, p = 0.004, 0.003 respectively). PAM score did not reach statistical significance for difference in OS nor NRM between the low (\u3c 24) and high-risk (≥ 24) groups (p = 0.19 for both). Conclusions: Despite our small sample population, HCT-CI/Age was more discriminative to identify patients with poor outcome that might benefit from intensified management strategies or other therapeutic approaches rather than allogeneic HCT

Are Roma People Descended from the Punjab Region of Pakistan: A Y-Chromosomal Perspective

Gypsies are a separate ethnic group living in Pakistan and some other countries as well. They are mostly known as ‘Roma’ and ‘untouchables’. They have different types of lifestyles as compared to other common people, as they always keep migrating from one place to another. They do not have proper houses; they live in tent houses and most probably work on daily wages to earn their living. Gypsies cannot be specified according to the place of residence and can only be classified according to their migration route. Previous historical and linguistic research showed the north Indian origin of Roma people. The present study collected 285 unrelated Roma individuals living in Punjab and typed with the Goldeneye Y20 system. Allelic frequencies ranged between 0.0035 and 0.5266, with haplotype diversity (HD) of 0.9999 and discrimination capacity (DC) of 0.8790. Gene diversity (GD) ranged from 0.6489 (DYS391) to 0.9764 (DYS391) (DY385ab). A total of 223 unique alleles were observed. Interestingly, the haplogroup R accounted for 40.56% and J for 22.06%. In MDS analysis, Pakistani Roma formed a close cluster with Roma from Constanta, Romania. The migration pattern of the Roma population from Pakistan, India and Europe was inferred using coalescence theory in the Migrate-n program. Overlapping Y-STR data were used to test different migration models. These migration models showed us the dominant gene flow from Pakistan to India and Europe to Pakistan. The results of our study showed that Y STRs provided substantially stronger discriminatory power in the Pakistani Roma population

Thermoluminescence response of nanoparticles gold doped lithium borate glass subjected to photon irradiation

The absorption coefficient of Borates glass is much closed to human body tissue. This fact makes borates as an ideal material for thermoluminescence material either for medical or environmental application. In this study, a glass system of 15% Li2CO3+ 85% H3BO3 doped with 0.1mol %nano-gold was prepared by using melt-quenching technique. Undoped and Au doped lithium borate glass samples were exposed to Co-60 gamma ray (1.25 MeV) with various doses ranging from 10 to 60 Gy by using Gammacell 220 excel. Various TL properties such as TL glow curve, linearity and sensitivity of the prepared glass were investigated. From the TL glow curve, it was found that the TL intensity increased by addition of Au into the glass system. The TL intensity of Au doped glass increases about 23 times higher than the undoped glass. The study also shows that the doped borate glass has a linear response subjected to Co-60 gamma irradiation at doses ranging from 10 to 60 Gy. The sensitivity of doped glass is about 22 times higher compared to un-doped glass