Microwave Doppler Radar for Heartbeat Detection Vs Electrocardiogram

International audienceThis paper presents a contact-less system to detect the heartbeat activity from a distance of one meter. The proposed system is based on using a vector network analyzer. Measurements are performed at 16 GHz for different power levels between 0 and -25 dBm. Results for two S-parameters are obtained and compared to an ECG simultaneous signal in terms of heartbeat rate and heart rate variability

Cardiopulmonary Activity Monitoring with Contactless Microwave Sensor

International audienceThe aim of this paper is to provide a contactless microwave sensor allowing continual remote monitoring of the heartbeat and respiratory rates. This work provides a comparative study to signal detection of heartbeat, considering different frequencies and transmission powers. In addition, a model based on cardiorespiratory measure is presented. This determines the most accurate signal processing technique for the lowest possible signal to noise ratio (SNR) values. This practical approach is a necessary step before dealing with the hardware implementation and system integration

Doppler Radar for Heartbeat Rate and Heart Rate Variability Extraction

4 pagesInternational audienceThis paper presents a Doppler radar system used to detect the heartbeat signal from a d√istance of one meter. The proposed system is based on using a vector network analyzer and two antennas. Measurements are performed at 16 GHz for different power levels between 0 and -25 dBm. Both heartbeat rate and heart rate variability are extracted and compared to a simultaneous ECG signal

Touch-less Heartbeat Detection and Measurement-based Cardiopulmonary Modeling

ISBN: 978-1-4244-4124-2 - WOSInternational audienceThis paper presents a system for touch-less heartbeat detection and a cardiopulmonary signal modeling approach. Using a vector network analyzer, a microwave system is tested in detecting the heartbeat signal at a distance of 1-m from a person. The proposed system shows the ability of detecting the heartbeat signals with the possibility of tuning both frequency and power; measurements are performed at 2.4, 5.8, 10, 16, and 60 GHz, as well as at different power levels between 0 and -27 dBm. Based on real measurements performed for both respiration and heart beatings, a model representing the cardiopulmonary activity is presented. The heartbeat rate and the heart rate variability are extracted from the modeling signal using classic and wavelet filters, for SNR between 0 and -20 dB

Position-Free Vital Sign Monitoring: Measurements and Processing

As traditional electrodes are perturbing for patients in critical cases such as for burn victims or newborn infants, and even to detect life sign under rubble, a contactless monitoring system for the life signs is a necessity. The aim of this chapter is to present a complete process used in detecting cardiopulmonary activities. This includes a microwave Doppler radar system that detects the body wall motion and signal processing techniques in order to extract the heartbeat rate. Measurements are performed at different positions simultaneously with a PC-based electrocardiogram (ECG). For a distance of 1 m between the subject and the antennas, measurements are performed for breathing subject at four positions: front, back, left, and right. Discrete wavelet transform is used to extract the heartbeat signal from the cardiopulmonary signal. The proposed system and signal processing techniques show high accuracy in detecting the cardiopulmonary signals and extracting the heartbeat rate

Contact-Less Measurement System for Cardiopulmonary Activity

International audienceThis paper presents a wireless cardiopulmonary activity measurement system. This system generates a continuous wave toward a person's chest set at a distance of 1 m, then reflected to the system. Using a vector network analyzer, the phase of S21 is computed. The phase variation of S21 contains information about cardiopulmonary activity. Several processing techniques are used to separate heartbeat signal from cardiorespiratory signal either in frequency or in temporal domain. The measurements were performed simultaneously with a PC-based electrocardiogram to validate the heartbeat rate detection techniques. In conclusion, processing techniques used in this paper give accurate results

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Dielectric measurements of recinoleic acid oil for microwave cancerous treatment

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Evaluation of two eco friendly botanical oils on cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd) (Lepidoptera/Noctuidae)

The cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis is main pest on several economic crops. The producer used intensity chemical pesticide to decrease their population that lead to appear new generations overcomes it. The present search is targeted to suggest other components from natural sources which more safety to ecosystem and had ability to reduce the insect prohibition. Experiments were implemented to search the effect of two vegetable oils (Moringa Moringa oleifera L. and bitter almond, Prunus amygdalus var amara) which were prepared with special formulation on eggs hatchability and mortality percentage of 1st, 3rd larval instars and their impact on feeding process and fitness of the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) under laboratory conditions. The different concentrations of tested oils were recorded impact on all stages but at variable levels. The highest reduction in eggs hatchability and mortality percentage of 1st and 3rd instar larvae were recorded in case of treatment by 10% bitter almond concentration. Larval growth and fitness indices and pupation by 10% bitter almond. Feeding 3rd instar larvae on leaves treated by 5% bitter almond also caused reduction in rate of food consumption (55.5%) and recorded antifeedant index reach to 38.2% comparable to control. The present results clearly indicate that the tested plant oils exhibit insecticidal and antifeedant activities against eggs and larval stages of cotton leafworm insect. Keywords: Natural oils, Cotton leaf worm, Food consumption, Antifeedant, Fitness inde

Feasibility study for non-contact heartbeat detection at 2.4 GHz and 60 GHz

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