Values and believes parental: theoretical considerations

O contexto cultural permite o acúmulo de informações dentro de um grupo que se reflete em crenças e práticas. Compreender a relação entre a natureza humana e cultura é uma questão complexa e necessária para a compreensão do comportamento. Ampliar pesquisas enfocando a complexa relação entre o biológico e o social promove um melhor entendimento sobre o desenvolvimento, o que significa que estudar crenças e práticas permite entender melhor a relação entre o homem e a cultura e, conseqüentemente, compreender melhor o comportamento humano. A importância do estudo de crenças parentais para a compreensão do desenvolvimento humano mostra que os sistemas de crenças parentais têm emergido como um campo de estudo relevante para a compreensão do desenvolvimento por estar diretamente vinculado ao estilo de cuidado dispensado à criança.The cultural context allows the gathering of information inside a group, and this is reflected on beliefs and practices. To understand the relationship between human nature and culture is a complex and necessary task for the comprehension of behavior. The conduction of more research studies focusing on the complex relationship between the social and the biological promotes a better understanding of development, which means that the study of beliefs and practices allows us to deepen our understanding of the relationship between men and culture and, consequently, to better understand human behavior. Thus, the study of parental beliefs is important to the comprehension of human development because it is directly linked with the style of child care

An Acoustic Survey of Orange Roughy Aggregations to the West and North of the Porcupine Bank

The survey was carried out over a 14 day period from the 5th – 20th February 2005 onboard the 65m RV Celtic Explorer. The main focus of this pilot survey was to acoustically survey orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) spawning aggregations.Funder: Marine Institut

Effects of mixtures made of alperujo (solid by-product of olive oil extraction) and soil, on bioindicators development (Eisenia andrei and Medicago sativa)

Solid wastes resulted from olive oil extraction represent an important environmental problem in Catamarca where they are generated in huge quantities, within short periods of time. These wastes are phytotoxic materials, but they contain valuable resources such as large proportions of organic matter that could improve soil productivity of these regions. The aim of this study was to determine the impact on soils, caused by the addition of alperujo to soils in different proportions, by using Medicago sativa and Eisenia Andrei as bioindicators. Mixtures were typical soil of the Central Valley of Catamarca with the addition of fresh alperujo in different proportions (0-30%). The assays were performed under controlled conditions of temperature and humidity for 10 days. Adult worm survival and the presence and number of other stages were analyzed. Additionally, Medicago sativa germination percentage and plant growth parameters were also recorded. Results revealed the survival of around 100% of the adult worms at 5 and 10% of alperujo/soil mixtures. Cocoons were found in soil without alperujo and alperujo/soil mixture 5%. The germination of M. sativa reached the 40 and 10% in alperujo/soil mixtures of 20 and 30% respectively; whereas the 5 and 10% mixtures showed no inhibition of the germination. The emergence was affected from 10% alperujo/soil mixture. The plant height decreased with the concentration of alperujo, the plants being exposed to 30% the most affected. We conclude that 5% of alperujo in these soils does not produce substantial changes on bioindicators, however, other studies would be needed to assess environmental waste.Fil: Hamman, A.. Universidad Nacional de Catamarca. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Sachetti, L.. Universidad Nacional de Catamarca. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Prado, Fernando Eduardo. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales E Instituto Miguel Lillo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Teisaire, E.. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales E Instituto Miguel Lillo; ArgentinaFil: Hilal, Mirna Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales E Instituto Miguel Lillo. Catedra de Fisiologia Vegetal; Argentin

MHC class I and II expression in juvenile dermatomyositis skeletal muscle

Objective To assess MHC I and II expressions in muscle fibres of juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) and compare with the expression in polymyositis (PM), dermatomyositis (DM) and dystrophy. Patients and methods Forty-eight JDM patients and 17 controls (8 PM, 5 DM and 4 dystrophy) were studied. The mean age at disease onset was 7.1 +/- 3.0 years and the mean duration of weakness before biopsy was 9.4 +/- 12.9 months. Routine histochemistry and immunohistochemistry (StreptABComplex/HRP) for MHC I and II (Dakopatts) were performed on serial frozen muscle sections in all patients. Mann-Whitney, Kruskal Wallis, chi-square and Fisher`s exact statistical methods were used. Results MHC I expression was positive in 47 (97.9%) JDM cases. This expression was observed independent of time of disease corticotherapy previous to muscle biopsy and to the grading of inflammation observed in clinical, laboratorial and histological parameters. The expression of MHC I was similar on JDM, PM and DM, and lower in dystrophy. On the other hand, MHC II expression was positive in just 28.2% of JDM cases was correlated to histological features as inflammatory infiltrate, increased connective tissue and VAS for global degree of abnormality (p < 0.05). MCH II expression was similar in DM/PM and lower in JDM and dystrophy, and it was based on the frequency of positive staining rather than to the degree of the MCH II expression. Conclusions MHC I expression in muscle fibres is a premature and late marker of JDM patient independent to corticotherapy, and MHC II expression was lower in JDM than in PM and DM.Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)[98116290-6