Ant colony algorithm for web page classification

As the information contained in the web is increasing, organizing this information is a necessary requirement. Classification is a way to organize the web's information. While there is different ways to classify the web information, swarm intelligence is a new one in this field. This paper investigates usage of a swarm intelligence algorithm in the field of the web page classification; Focusing on Persian web pages. Ant Miner II is the used algorithm. It also propose a simple text preprocessing technique to reduce the large numbers of attributes associated with web content mining, without dealing linguistic complications. The result shows Ant Miner II and proposed preprocessing technique are efficiency in the field of the web page classification

Propagation and scattering of electromagnetic waves in low THz band in automotive radar applications

This thesis, firstly, due to the lack of knowledge in influence of harsh outdoor environment on the performance of the low-THz automotive sensors, the investigation has been done to demonstrate the performance of low-THz sensors in the presence of different radome contaminants (mud, oil, grit, etc.) and various weather conditions (rain, snow, fog, etc.) to prove the feasibility of using low-THz frequencies (100 GHz -1 THz) in automotive radar in uncontrolled environmental conditions. Secondarily, this thesis reports and discuss the important and yet unsolved task on automotive surface recognition and shows the possibility of using Low THz radar for road surface classification by exploring the radar signal backscattering from surfaces with different roughness, and finally this thesis demonstrate the novel approach to surface classification based on the analysis of radar images obtained using the low THz imaging radar and demonstrate the advantage of low THz radar for surface discrimination for automotive sensing. The proposed experimental technique in combination with a convolutional neural network provides high surface classification accuracy

Evaluation of different extractors of features at the level of sentiment analysis

Sentiment analysis is the process of recognizing and categorizing the emotions being expressed in a textual source. Tweets are commonly used to generate a large amount of sentiment data after they are analyzed. These feelings data help to learn about people's thoughts on a various range of topics. People are typically attracted for researching positive and negative reviews, which contain dislikes and likes, shared by the consumers concerning the features of a certain service or product. Therefore, the aspects or features of the product/ service play an important role in opinion mining. Furthermore to enough work being carried out in text mining, feature extraction in opinion mining is presently becoming a hot research field. In this paper, we focus on the study of feature extractors because of their importance in classification performance. The feature extraction is the most critical aspect of opinion classification since classification efficiency can be degraded if features are not properly chosen. A few scientific researchers have addressed the issue of feature extraction. And we found in the literature that almost every article deals with one or two feature extractors. For that, we decided in this paper to cover all the most popular feature extractors which are BOW, N-grams, TF-IDF, Word2vec, GloVe and FastText. In general, this paper will discuss the existing feature extractors in the opinion mining domain. Also, it will present the advantages and the inconveniences of each extractor. Moreover, a comparative study is performed for determining the most efficient combination CNN/extractor in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 measure

Primiparous women's experiences of normal vaginal delivery in Iran: A qualitative study

Background: Childbirth is considered as the most challenging psychological event in a woman's life. It has a major effect on women's lives with long-term positive or negative impacts. Cultural, religious, and socioeconomic differences can affect women's perception about normal vaginal delivery (NVD) experience. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the primiparous women's perception about it. Methods: This qualitative study, with a descriptive content analysis approach, was conducted in Kashan, a city in the center of Iran. Purposive sampling was used to recruit the participants of the current study. Data was gathered by semi-structured interviews during 24 h after normal vaginal birth among primiparous women. The sampling started from June to October in 2016. Interviews continued until data saturation which was achieved in the 14th interview but for assurance, it continued until the 17th one. Results: The following three main themes were extracted "immersion in stress", "pain, the essence of NVD" and "strategies for situation management". Furthermore, seven subthemes were obtained including 'loss threat', 'stressful context', temporary impairment in physiologic harmony, paradoxical emotions, self-management, emotional support, and spiritual support. Conclusions: This study showed that stress and pain were two highlighted issues in NVD process. Increasing women's awareness about NVD process, familiarizing the primiparous women with the simulated delivery room, accompanying these women for emotional support, and providing spiritual support can be effective in situation management to make the child delivery a pleasant and satisfying experience. © 2020 The Author(s)

Compassion Fatigue in Clinical Nurses: An Evolutionary Concept Analysis

Background: Despite the agreement regarding the significance of the concept of CF in nursing, it has been unrecognized, and there is no clear definition of compassion fatigue in the context of nursingObjectives: The aim of this study is to inductively develop or formulate a clear and uniformed definition of compassion fatigue in the context of nursing.Patients and Methods: A Concept analysis using Rodger’s approach using a literature-based method and thematic analysis was conducted. Steps of Rodger’s concept analysis encompass identify the concept and associated definition, attributes, antecedents, consequences, surrogate terms, related concepts, and a model case exemplar.Results: attributes, antecedents and consequences of compassion fatigue from literatures is extracted and then a vivid definition is achieved.Conclusions:this analysis demonstrated that the concept of compassion fatigue is comprised of excessive empathy, the symptomatology of secondary traumatic stress, the problematic work environment of burnout and coping mechanism deficit. Keywords: Compassion fatigue, Secondary traumatic stress, nurse, concept analysi

Concept development of compassion fatigue in clinical nurses: Application of Schwartz-Barcott and Kim\u27s hybrid model

Compassion fatigue is not a new concept in nursing; yet, it is not well known and there is no fixed clear definition of the term. The ambiguity surrounding how to define compassion fatigue has challenged its measurement and evaluation. Thus, any attempt to determine attributes of this underdeveloped concept and studying it in a new socio-cultural context requires concept development. The purpose of this study is to clarify the concept of compassion fatigue through concept development and to produce a vivid and tentative definition of this concept in clinical practice. Concept development was conducted using a three-step hybrid concept analysis including theoretical, fieldwork, and final analysis phases according to Schwartz-Barcott and Kim\u27s method. We reviewed and analyzed 48 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Following, the first author conducted 13 interviews with clinical nurses followed by an inductive content analysis. Finally, a comprehensive definition of compassion fatigue in nurses was attained. Compassion fatigue in nurses can be explained as a cumulative and progressive process of absorption of the patient’s pain and suffering formed from the sympathetic and caring interactions with the patients and their families. The physical, emotional, intellectual, spiritual, social, and organizational consequences of compassion fatigue are so extensive that they threaten the existential integrity of the nurse. Context-based variables (culture, family, and community) such as personality features like devotion behaviors and commitment towards the patient, exposure to multiple stressors, organizational challenges, and lack of self-care are factors associated with an increased risk of compassion fatigue. Concept development of compassion fatigue is the first step in the protection of nurses against the destructive consequences of compassion fatigue and to improve quality of care

Satisfaction with and factors related to medicinal herb consumption in older Iranian adults

Introduction: Several factors may have led to herbal medicines consumption, especially in older adults. However, the frequency of satisfaction with, and factors related to the use of medicinal herbs in older adults are not clear. The present study explored the satisfaction with and factors pertaining to medicinal herb use in a sample of Iranian older adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 770 old citizens of Kashan, Iran in 2016. A random cluster sampling method was used. The data collection instrument was developed by the researchers and contained questions on demographic variables, the history of known chronic disorders, history of medicinal herb use, the reason for choosing medicinal herbs, subjects� knowledge on medicinal herbs, and their satisfaction with the medicinal herbs used. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests and binary logistic regression were used for data analysis. Results: Approximately, 67.8 of the older adults (72.8 females and 62.4 males) used medicinal herbs. Most of the subjects (60) were satisfied with their consumption of medicinal herbs. A statistically significant association was found between the use of medicinal herbs and having disorders such as cancer (p = 0.006) and hyperlipidemia (p = 0.006). Most of the older adults (48.57) were highly likely to believe in the efficacy of herbs. Conclusions: Medicinal herb consumption was prevalent among older adults -especially among those with chronic conditions- over half were satisfied with the use of herbs. It is necessary to develop training programs on the safe use of herbs for the community and especially for older adults. © 2018 Elsevier Gmb

Analysis of 5HT3Ra gene expression by real time PCR in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients

Systemic lupus erythemathosus is an autoimmune disease that affected many various types of tissues in 10% of world population and over 30 genes has associated with it. Nouroimmunoendocrynology concepts have shown that immune system could be affected by neuron system and vice versa, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor a (5HT3Ra) was studied as a main receptor in these relations.In this study, peripheral blood sample were collected from (SLE) patient and normal individuals. The total cellular RNAs were extracted and the cDNAs were synthesized. This process was followed by real-time PCR using specific primers for 5HT3Ra gene and beta-actin gene as internal control. Eventually PCR products have been sequenced.Results of this study suggested that this special receptor expressed in polymorpho-nuclear cells. We found over expression of 5HT3Ra in patients in comparison with healthy individuals group. Interestingly, some nucleotide changes have been found in 5HT3Ra gene in patients but not found sequential nucleotide changes in healthy individuals group.This study supposed that over expression of 5HT3Ra gene in SLE patients lead to over activation of immune cells that derived from over stimulation  of them from serotonin blood serum that finally lead to autoimmune reactions that terminated in SLE

Management of compassion fatigue in clinical nurses: A qualitative content analysis

Background: Compassion fatigue (CF) is a progressive process of absorbing patients’ pain and suffering resulting from caring interactions between caregivers and patients. Since compassion fatigue is strongly influenced by cultural and ethnic differences, the question arose, "How do Iranian deal with CF?”Objectives: This study aimed to obtain a deep understanding of Iranian nurses’ strategies in dealing with CF.Methods: The study was conducted using the conventional content analysis method. Purposive sampling was conducted to select clinical nurses working in hospitals of Tehran and Kashan Universities of Medical Sciences, Iran. Using semi-structured face-to-face interviews, data were collected from 13 nurses who had experienced CF. Data analysis was performed according to the steps proposed by Graneheim and Lundman. To prove the trustworthiness of the data, the four criteria of credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability were used.Results: Participants included 13 nurses whose average age was 31 years. Three categories emerged from the participants' experiences, namely "creating a work-life balance," "trying to ignore," and "use of support circle." All categories were placed under the theme of “struggling to survive in a turbulent workplace”.Conclusion: Nurses make lots of effort to deal with CF in personal and social levels. Healthcare managers can help nurses by providing them with more support, such as spiritual and organizational ones

Acute Kidney Injury in Children with Acute Gastroenteritis

Introduction: This study was done in Children’s Medical Center Hospital affiliated with Tehran University of medical science, Tehran, Iran.Materials and Methods: The patients were 140 children who were admitted for gastroenteritis and we detected acute kidney injury in them. All of the patients were admitted and managed in the Emergency Department, and were evaluated for symptoms of AKI including dehydration, renal function tests, electrolytes, and urine output.Results: The median age of the children with gastroenteritis and AKI was 2.5 years (ranging from 2 months to 12 years) and 78.6% of them were male. Acute kidney injury (AKI) was present in 116 (82.9%) patients at admission with 53 (37.8%) patients in the “failure” category (RIFLE). Twelve children had anuria and 54 patients had oliguria. At presentation, 24 patients (15%) had serum BUN levels between 30-75 and creatinine levels in the range of 0.9-2.1mg/dl. One patient had HUS that was excluded from this study. Seventy-six children had symptoms of severe dehydration and metabolic acidosis. After adequate fluid therapy, 30 children had polyuria of 6.4 (range 4-9) cc/kg/min. Twenty-three patients (16.4%) had hyponatremia and 41 patients (29.2%) had hypernatremia. Nine children (6.4%) suffered from hypokalemia. Some children had received ORS at home. All of them were managed in the emergency ward and discharged with normal GFR without any electrolyte abnormalities. The patients were fallowed for 3-6 months and all of them had normal renal function at the end of the study.Conclusions: Early diagnosis and urgent management of gastroenteritis and dehydration can prevent AKI.Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury; Child; Gastroenteritis