The Gene Ontology: enhancements for 2011

The Gene Ontology (GO) (http://www.geneontology.org) is a community bioinformatics resource that represents gene product function through the use of structured, controlled vocabularies. The number of GO annotations of gene products has increased due to curation efforts among GO Consortium (GOC) groups, including focused literature-based annotation and ortholog-based functional inference. The GO ontologies continue to expand and improve as a result of targeted ontology development, including the introduction of computable logical definitions and development of new tools for the streamlined addition of terms to the ontology. The GOC continues to support its user community through the use of e-mail lists, social media and web-based resources

Textpresso for Neuroscience: Searching the Full Text of Thousands of Neuroscience Research Papers

Textpresso is a text-mining system for scientific literature. Its two major features are access to the full text of research papers and the development and use of categories of biological concepts as well as categories that describe or relate objects. A search engine enables the user to search for one or a combination of these categories and/or keywords within an entire literature. Here we describe Textpresso for Neuroscience, part of the core Neuroscience Information Framework (NIF). The Textpresso site currently consists of 67,500 full text papers and 131,300 abstracts. We show that using categories in literature can make a pure keyword query more refined and meaningful. We also show how semantic queries can be formulated with categories only. We explain the build and content of the database and describe the main features of the web pages and the advanced search options. We also give detailed illustrations of the web service developed to provide programmatic access to Textpresso. This web service is used by the NIF interface to access Textpresso. The standalone website of Textpresso for Neuroscience can be accessed at http://www.textpresso.org/neuroscience

Continuous monitoring of the lunar or Martian subsurface using on-board pattern recognition and neural processing of Rover geophysical data

The ultimate goal is to create an extraterrestrial unmanned system for subsurface mapping and exploration. Neural networks are to be used to recognize anomalies in the profiles that correspond to potentially exploitable subsurface features. The ground penetrating radar (GPR) techniques are likewise identical. Hence, the preliminary research focus on GPR systems will be directly applicable to seismic systems once such systems can be designed for continuous operation. The original GPR profile may be very complex due to electrical behavior of the background, targets, and antennas, much as the seismic record is made complex by multiple reflections, ghosting, and ringing. Because the format of the GPR data is similar to the format of seismic data, seismic processing software may be applied to GPR data to help enhance the data. A neural network may then be trained to more accurately identify anomalies from the processed record than from the original record

Three-Dimensional Stress Concentration Around a Cylindrical Hole in a Semi-Infinite Elastic Body

This paper contains a three-dimensional solution, exact within classical elastostatics, for the stresses and deformations arising in a half space with a semi-infinite transverse cylindrical hole, if the body -- at infinite distances from its cylindrical boundary -- is subjected to an arbitrary uniform plane field of stress that is parallel to the bounding plane. The solution presented is in integral form and is deduced with the aid of the Papkovich stress functions by means of an especially adapted, unconventional, integral-transform technique. Numerical results for the non-vanishing stresses along the boundary of the hole and for the normal displacement at the plane boundary, corresponding to several values of Poisson's ratio, are also included. These results exhibit in detail the three-dimensional stress boundary layer that emerges near the edges of the hole in the analogous problem for a plate of finite thickness, as the ratio of the plate-thickness to the diameter of the hole grows beyond bounds. The results obtained thus illustrate the limitations inherent 1n the two-dimensional plane-strain treatment of the spatial plane problem; in addition, they are relevant to failure considerations and are of interest 1n connection with experimental stress analysis

State estimation from pair of conjugate qudits

We show that, for $N$ parallel input states, an anti-linear map with respect to a specific basis is essentially a classical operator. We also consider the information contained in phase-conjugate pairs $|\phi > |\phi^*>$, and prove that there is more information about a quantum state encoded in phase-conjugate pairs than in parallel pairs.Comment: 4 pages, 1 tabl

Space Charge Effects in Cyclotron Gas Stopper

The cyclotron gas stopper is a newly proposed device to stop energetic rare isotope ions from projectile fragmentation reactions in a helium-filled chamber. The radioactive ions are slowed down by collisions with a buffer gas inside a cyclotron-type magnet and are extracted via interactions with a Radio Frequency (RF) field applied to a sequence of concentric electrodes (RF carpet). The present study focuses on a detailed understanding of space charge effects in the ion extraction region. The space charge is generated by the ionized helium gas created by the stopping of the ions and eventually limits the beam rate. Particle-in-cell simulations of a two-component (electron-helium) plasma interacting via Coulomb forces were performed in the space charge field created by the stopping beam.Comment: 9 pages, 2 tables, 8 figure

In Pursuit Of Frcp 1: Creative Approaches To Cutting And Shifting The Costs Of Discovery

The most important rule of all is the last sentence of [FRCP] 1, which provides that the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure ‘shall be construed to secure the just, speedy, and inexpensive determination of every action.’ It is this command that gives all the other rules life and meaning and timbre in the realist world of the trial court

Central Nervous System Parasitosis and Neuroinflammation Ameliorated by Systemic IL-10 Administration in Trypanosoma brucei-Infected Mice

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