56 research outputs found
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Dairy consumption and cardiometabolic diseases: systematic review and updated meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies
Purpose of Review Dairy products contain both beneficial and harmful nutrients in relation to cardiometabolic diseases. Here, we
provide the latest scientific evidence regarding the relationship between dairy products and cardiometabolic diseases by
reviewing the literature and updating meta-analyses of observational studies.
Recent Findings We updated our previous meta-analyses of cohort studies on type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease (CHD), and
stroke with nine studies and confirmed previous results. Total dairy and low-fat dairy (per 200 g/d) were inversely associated with
a 3–4% lower risk of diabetes. Yogurt was non-linearly inversely associatedwith diabetes (RR = 0.86, 95%CI: 0.83–0.90 at 80 g/
d). Total dairy and milk were not associated with CHD (RR~1.0). An increment of 200 g of daily milk intake was associated with
an 8% lower risk of stroke.
Summary The latest scientific evidence confirmed neutral or beneficial associations between dairy products and risk of cardiometabolic
diseases
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Use of antibiotic and prevalence of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in-patients with spinal cord injuries: a UK national spinal injury centre experience
BACKGROUND: This was a retrospective audit, with the aims being to (1) record the use of antibiotics; (2) establish the prevalence of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD) and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea (CDAD); and (3) assess if there was any seasonal variation in antibiotic use and incidence of AAD.
METHODS: The study was performed at a single spinal cord injury (SCI) centre in the UK. Data were collected using a standardised questionnaire during October 2014 to June 2015. We define AAD as two or more watery stools of type 5, 6 or 7 (Bristol stool scale) over 24 h.
RESULTS: Three-hundred-and-nineteen adults (mean age: 55.9 years, 29.2% female) with SCI (58.2% tetraplegia; 43.7% complete SCI) were included. Of 70 (21.9%) patients on antibiotics, the top three indications for antibiotics were urinary-tract infections, infected pressure ulcers and other skin infections. Seventeen of 78 (21.8%) developed AAD and three of 319 (0.94%) developed CDAD. AAD was more common in the summer season than in spring, autumn and winter (47.1%, 10.0%, 10.0%, 23.8%, P=0.025). AAD was associated with older adults greater than 65 years (70.6% vs 23.8%, P=0.007). Polypharmacy and the summer season were identified as independent predictors for AAD.
CONCLUSION: This survey found that AAD is common in SCI patients and may be a risk factor for a poorer outcome and increased hospital costs. A multicentre study is underway to establish the incidence and risk factors for AAD
(+/-)-cis-Dichloro[P-(isopropylamino)-dinaphtho[2,1-d:1',2'-f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepine](triethylphosphine)platinum(II) dichloromethane solvate
In the racemic title compound, [PtCl2(C23H20NO2P)-(C6H15P)].CH2Cl2, the platinum(II) ion, which has approximately square-planar coordination geometry, is coordinated to two different monophosphorus ligands in a cis arrangement along with two chloride ions. A significant shortening of the P-N bond [1.604(7) Angstrom] relative to that in phosphinoamines and their complexes was observed
Monitoring pollution of coastal lagoon using Liza aurata kidney oxidative stress and genetic endpoints: an integrated biomarker approach
Despite the importance of fish kidney in several
functions (immune, metabolism and excretion of xenobiotics) its use in coastal water biomonitoring focusing on
protection and damage is scarce. Five critical sites in Ria
de Aveiro (Portugal; Barra—BAR, Gafanha—GAF, Rio
Novo do Principe—RIO; Laranjo—LAR and Vagos—
VAG) were assessed in comparison to a reference site
(Torreira—TOR), focusing on
Liza aurata
kidney antioxidant defences versus damage responses. Non protein thiols
were higher at RIO (near a former bleached kraft pulp mill
effluent) and total glutathione at RIO, LAR (mercury
contaminated) and VAG (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminated). Catalase and glutathione
S-transferase
activities were higher at RIO and LAR whereas no differences were found in glutathione peroxidase activity.
However, glutathione reductase was higher at BAR (subject to naval traffic), GAF (harbour water area), RIO and
LAR. No peroxidative damage was observed despite the
decreased DNA integrity at RIO and VAG. The integrated
biomarker response index ranked impacted sites as:
LAR>RIO>BAR>GAF>VAG>TOR
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