How Will the Greenhouse Industry Utilize Waste Heat?

Recent regulatory and economic change encourage waste heat use in the northern United States. In this article, the value of that form of energy to growers of greenhouse crops is assessed. It is found that production of rooted floricultural crops is likely to be the dominant activity at facilities supplied with waste heat. Waste heat utilization is unlikely to cause interregional relocation of vegetable production in the U.S

Ohio Guide for Land Application of Sewage Sludge

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Construction of Full-Depth Asphaltic Concrete Pavements

Considerable attention has been devoted to the design and use of full-depth asphaltic concrete pavements. An experimental full-depth pavement was constructed on the Cannonsburg-Ashland Road (US 60), and the mechanical response of each asphaltic concrete layer to static and dynamic loading has been tested during construction. This report is a documentation of section designs and construction procedures and summarily presents construction test results to be used in future analyses

Understanding the self in relation to others: Infants spontaneously map another's face to their own at 16–26 months

The current study probed whether infants understand themselves in relation to others. Infants aged 16-26 months (n = 102) saw their parent wearing a sticker on their forehead or cheek, depending on experimental condition, placed unwitnessed by the child. Infants then received a sticker themselves, and their spontaneous behavior was coded. Regardless of age, from 16 months, all infants who placed the sticker on their cheek or forehead, placed it on the location on their own face matching their parent's placement. This shows that infants as young as 16 months of age have an internal map of their face in relation to others that they can use to guide their behavior. Whether infants placed the sticker on the matching location was related to other measures associated with self-concept development (the use of their own name and mirror self-recognition), indicating that it may reflect a social aspect of children's developing self-concept, namely their understanding of themselves in relation and comparison to others. About half of the infants placed the sticker on themselves, while others put it elsewhere in the surrounding, indicating an additional motivational component to bring about on themselves the state, which they observed on their parent. Together, infants' placement of the sticker in our task suggests an ability to compare, and motivation to align, self and others

Altercentric bias in preverbal infants memory

Human infants would seem to face a daunting challenge in selecting what they should attend, encode and remember. We investigated whether early in life, infants might use others’ attention as an exploitable source of information filtering, by prioritizing the encoding of events that are co-witnessed with someone else over events witnessed alone. In a series of studies (n=255), we show that infants who can otherwise remember an object’s location, misremembered the object where another agent had seen it, even if infants themselves had subsequently seen the object move somewhere else. With further exploratory analyses, we also found that infants’ attention to the agent rather than the object seems to drive their memory for the object’s location. This series points to an initial encoding bias that likely facilitates information selection but which can, under some circumstances, lead to predictable memory errors

Weigh Station Bypassing

A Study was initiated in May of 1990 to investigate the problem of trucks bypassing or avoiding weigh/enforcement stations in Kentucky. A literature review identified two major studies (Wisconsin and Florida) on the subject, both of which are summarized in this report. In addition, a 1989, limited-scope study of truck bypassing of weigh stations in Kentucky was reviewed and summarized. The primary data collection effort for this study took place in the fall of 1990, centered around the Simpson County enforcement station on Interstate-55. Three potential bypass routes were identified. Automatic vehicle classification (AVC) and weight-in-motion (WIM) equipment was installed on 1-65 and on all three bypass routes. Data collection took place over a three-week period, with enforcement on the bypass routes during the second week. Significant conclusions of the study include: 1) While weigh station bypassing does occur in Kentucky, there was no indication of significant numbers of trucks modifying their route choices due to enforcement activity on the bypass routes; 2) Average truck weights and the percentage of trucks overweight are higher on bypass routes than on Interstate routes, but this is not primarily a result of bypassing activity; 3) The majority of trucks on bypass routes have legitimate reasons (in terms of origin or destination) to be on those routes; 4) A high percentage of trucks on bypass routes have violations, regardless of whether the trucks have a local origin/destination along the route; 5) The most common inspection violations on bypass routes are safety-related equipment violations, followed by driver violations; 6) Temporary enforcement efforts on bypass routes can be effective and can be self-supporting through citation revenues; 7) Due to accuracy limitations, high speed WIM data may not be appropriate for certain uses. The following recommendations were developed: 1) A statewide enforcement plan should be developed with increased emphasis on enforcement for non- Interstate routes; 2) Innovative options should be investigated to simplify or expedite weigh station operations; 3) Enforcement efforts on non-Interstate routes should be randomized and unpredictable and should include weighing of trucks; 4) Effectiveness measures should be developed and used to monitor non-Interstate enforcement efforts; 5) The accuracy of statewide WIM data should be assessed; 6) The potential for using statewide WIM data to identify problem areas and direct enforcement efforts should be explored, and a formal process should be established to foster this cooperative effort

Automated Motion Analysis of Adherent Cells in Monolayer Culture

This paper presents a novel method for tracking and characterizing adherent cells in monolayer culture. A system of cell tracking employing computer vision techniques was applied to time-lapse videos of replicate normal human uro-epithelial cell cultures exposed to different concentrations of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), acquired over a 20 h period. Subsequent analysis, comprising feature extraction, demonstrated the ability of the technique to successfully separate the modulated classes of cell