Generation of integration-free neural progenitor cells from cells in human urine

Human neural stem cells hold great promise for research and therapy in neural disease. We describe the generation of integration-free and expandable human neural progenitor cells (NPCs). We combined an episomal system to deliver reprogramming factors with a chemically defined culture medium to reprogram epithelial-like cells from human urine into NPCs (hUiNPCs). These transgene-free hUiNPCs can self-renew and can differentiate into multiple functional neuronal subtypes and glial cells in vitro. Although functional in vivo analysis is still needed, we report that the cells survive and differentiate upon transplant into newborn rat brain.postprin

Tradução, validação e adaptação cultural da escala de atividade de vida diária Translation, validation and cultural adaptation of the 'activities of daily living' scale (ADLS)

OBJETIVO: Realizar a tradução, adaptação cultural e validação do "Knee Outcome Survey- Activities of Daily Living Scale" (ADLS) para a língua portuguesa, bem como verificar suas propriedades de medida, reprodutibilidade e validade, para que o mesmo possa ser usado como um instrumento específico para avaliação de sintomas em pacientes brasileiros portadores de afecções no joelho durante as atividades de vida diária. MÉTODOS: Foram realizadas 2 entrevistas,na primeira o questionário foi aplicado em conjunto ao Lysholm, SF-36 e EAV (examinador 1). Após aproximadamente 30 minutos da primeira entrevista, os mesmos pacientes responderam apenas ao ADLS (examinador 2). Após um intervalo entre 7 a 10 dias, foi realizada a terceira entrevista constituída de nova aplicação do ADLS (examinador 2). RESULTADOS: A amostra consistiu de 53 entrevistados, sendo a média de idade de 33.0566 anos e patologia mais freqüente a lesão ligamentar (56,6%). O índice de Sperman obteve um valor de 0,986 (alfa=0,05, ro<0,01) na reprodutibilidade inter-examinador e de 0,980 (alfa=0,05, ro<0,01). CONCLUSÃO: O questionário ADLS em português é um instrumento útil para avaliação de atividades de vida diária de pacientes brasileiros com afecções no joelho.<br>OBJECTIVES: To perform the translation, cultural adaptation and validation of the "Knee Outcome Survey - Activities of Daily Living Scale" (ADLS) into Portuguese, as well as to check its measurement, reproducibility and validity properties in order to make it useful as a specific instrument for evaluating symptoms in Brazilian patients with knee injuries during their daily living activities. METHODS: Two interviews were performed; in the first interview, the questionnaire was applied along with Lysholm's, SF-36 and VAS (investigator 1). Approximately 30 minutes after the first interview, the same patients answered only the ADLS (investigator 2). After a break of 7 to 10 days, a third additional interview with the ADLS was applied (investigator 2). RESULTS: The sample was constituted of 53 subjects, with mean age of 33.0566 years, with the most frequent pathology being ligamentar injury (56.6%). The Spearman's index used for inter-investigator reproducibility was 0.986 (a=0.05, rho<0.01), and for intra-investigator reproducibility was 0.980 (a=0.05, rho<0.01). Conclusion: The Portuguese language version of ADLS questionnaire is a useful instrument for assessing daily living activities of Brazilian patients with knee injuries