Properties of electrodeposited functional Ni–Fe/AlN nanocomposite coatings

AbstractNi–Fe/AlN nanocomposite coatings were electrodeposited from sulphamate based electrolyte in N,N-dimethylformamide solvent. The conditions of maximum particulate incorporation into the matrix were optimized. The coatings were characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive analysis of X-ray (EDAX), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and Vicker’s microhardness tester. The reinforcement of matrix with nano-AlN rendered superior microhardness (up to 560 HV) to the nanocomposites over monolithic Ni and Ni–Fe alloy deposits. Incorporation of aluminium nitride (AlN) particles in the Ni–Fe alloy matrix under optimum condition was recorded up to 23.2wt%. Magnetic measurements revealed soft ferromagnetic behaviour of the deposit with marked tendency towards superparamagnetism

Building And Sustaining Capacities of Health Officials in use of Data for Decision-Making: Evidence from Rajasthan, India

Purpose: This paper critically explores the initiatives that were implemented in Rajasthan during the period of 2018-19 by UNFPA, in collaboration with the Department of Health and Family Welfare, the Government of Rajasthan, and IIHMR University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.  The main objective of these initiatives was to strengthen the capabilities of health officials and data managers at different levels within the state, enabling them to make evidence-based decisions using data effectively.   Theoretical framework: The capacity-building program was designed to reinforce the system for evidence-based planning, monitoring, and data utilization through a comprehensive training approach and continuous support. This study thoroughly investigates the entire process, assesses its effectiveness, and draws policy recommendations based on the outcomes of the capacity-building interventions. An essential aspect underscored by the study is the importance of providing ongoing support and guidance post-training to ensure sustainable development and successful implementation of the acquired knowledge.   Methodology: The methodology described in this paragraph involves capacity building approaches for government officials in the health sector. Specifically, the methodology includes the following elements: capacity building approaches; Inhouse Training programme technique; Digital technology enabled process; Training of State, District, and Block Level Health Programme Officials and Data Managers; Mentoring and Hand-Holding Support; Web-Based Learning Method using 'Google Classroom.   Findings: The findings of this study emphasize two crucial factors that contributed to the success of the capacity-building initiatives. Firstly, the provision of on-site assistance proved to be highly effective in reinforcing the newly acquired knowledge and skills. Secondly, the utilization of the web-based Google Class platform was found to be instrumental in promoting knowledge retention and enhancing the effective utilization of data.   Value: In conclusion, this research sheds light on the significance of capacity-building initiatives in the realm of health and data management. It highlights the positive impact of on-site support and the role of technology, particularly the Google Class platform, in ensuring the lasting benefits of such programs. The paper concludes by underlining the importance of continued support and sustained efforts in maximizing the potential of data-driven decision-making in the healthcare sector in Rajasthan

Effect of fertigation on available soil micro-nutrient under Kinnow Mandarin

A field experiment was conducted at Division of Fruit and Horticultural Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), on 5-year-old plants at Todapur Orchard, IARI, New Delhi, during 2010-2011, to study the effect of fertigation on nutrient distribution pattern under Kinnow mandarin. Standard dose of fertilizers were 600g of N, 300g of P, and 400g of K per tree per year, scheduled in three splits during the period of February (300g N, 75g P and 100g K), April (150g N, 112.5g P and 150g K) and August (150g N, 112.5g P and 150g K) respectively. The soil nutrient was measured at the start and end of the experiment in February 2010 and January 2011 at three depths, viz. 0-15, 15- 30 and 30- 60 cm corresponding to two radial distances (50 and 100 cm) for different experimental treatments. The highest amount of soil iron at the end of experiment was observed in T6 having 3.98 ppm, followed by 3.78 ppm and 3.72 ppm at three different depths viz: 0-15, 15-30 and 30- 60 cm respectively at 50 cm distance whereas 3.56 ppm followed by 3.49 ppm and 3.32 were found at 100 cm distance away from the tree. T6recorded the highest amount of available copper in soil having 2.76 ppm followed by 2.73 ppm and 2.67 ppm from 0-15, 15-30 and 30- 60 cm depths respectively at the distance of 50 cm while, 2.68 ppm, 2.65 ppm and 2.61 ppm from 0-15, 15-30 and 30- 60 cm depths respectively at 100 cm away from the tree. T8 recorded the highest amount of soil zinc at the end of experiment, 2.59 ppm, 2.50 ppm and 2.20 ppm from 0-15, 15-30 and 30- 60 cm depths respectively from the distance of 50 cm and 2.31 ppm, 2.20 ppm and 1.74 ppm from 0-15, 15-30 and 30- 60 cm depths respectively away from the tree. The highest amount of soil manganese was recorded in T8 at the end of experiment. From 0-15, 15-30 and 30- 60 cm depths respectively 28.38 ppm followed by 24.84 ppm and 21.09 ppm at a distance of 50 cm while 29.88 ppm, 22.40 ppm and 17.43 ppm were observed at 0-15, 15-30 and 30- 60 cm depths respectively away from the tree. Fertigation resulted in increase in concentrationsof micro- nutrients near the zone of active roots (0-15 and 15-30 cm depths), exhibiting a radial decrease with increasing horizontal distance from the point of application, i.e. higher at 50 cmand lower at 100 cm distance from the trunk. It was recommended that fertigation with 75 per cent N and 100 per cent P & K (450 g N, 300g P and 400 g K) can be recommended for application in three splits during February (225N:75P:100K), Apri1(112.5N: 112.5P: 150 K) and August (112.5N: 112.5P: 150 K) for young Kinnow orchards.Keywords: Kinnow, fertigation, micronutrient, depth, distanc

Computational Investigation of the Pressure and Skin Friction Coefficient Distribution on a Mixed Hypersonic Inline Intake with Blunt Nose

A study has been carried out to find out the flowfield inside a three dimensional hypersonic intake with different nose bluntness using commercial computational fluid dynamics software. This study has been carried out for a free stream Mach number of 6.5, a unit Reynolds number 1.6 x 10 6 per meter with an intake contraction ratio of 2.88. The purpose of this analysis was to investigate the effect of nose bluntness on the external and internal compression in a mixed compression inline intake. An intake models with different nose bluntness has been analyzed using 3 - D numerical simulations based on a commercially available CFD code. The CFD code and the turbulence model used is validated by comparing the experimental results available in literature with computational results. Computational results show that the nose bluntness has significant influence on pressure distribution on hypersonic intake. Nose bluntness affects the shock wave/boundary layer interactions on intake upper surface significantly. Numer ical results of three dimensional simulations are also compared with two dimensional numerical simulations to study the effect of third dimensions on internal and external compression

Relationship of postpartum interval to estrus, body condition score, milk yield and blood biochemical parameters in Surti buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

The aim of the present investigation was to find out the relationship among postpartum interval to estrus, body condition score, milk yield and blood biochemical parameters of Surti buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). The study was conducted on sixteen clinically healthy Surti buffaloes (parity 1-7) with normal parturition. These animals were divided into two groups on the basis of their postpartum interval to estrus (PPIE). Group 1 animals had PPIE ? 50 days whereas group 2 had PPIE > 50 days. Body condition score (BCS), milk yield and Blood samples were collected by jugular venipuncture on days starting from 6th day after calving thereafter at fortnight interval till 90th day postpartum. Blood serum parameters such as glucose, total protein, blood urea, creatinine, cholesterol, triglyceride, progesterone and estrogen were measured. Perusal of data revealed that animals having higher BCS on the day of estrus had significantly (P?0.05) shorter PPIE. There was non-significant effect of daily and cumulative 100 days milk yield on PPIE. Serum concentration of glucose and creatinine was significantly (P?0.05) higher for group 1 animals at most of the stages. There was non-significant difference between serum concentration of total protein, blood urea nitrogen and cholesterol between both the groups. Progesterone and Estradiol-17 ? concentrations were significantly (P?0.05) higher in group 1 animals than group 2 animals at different stages of this study

MEASURING THE ATTITUDE OF RURAL YOUTH TOWARDS FARMING: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF HARYANA

Not AvailableThe present study was carried out to measure the attitude of rural youth towards farming. The study was conducted in Haryana and sample constituted 270 rural youth. They representedrandomlyselected 270 householdsfrom 18 villages and 9 blocks of Hisar district. Data on socio personal and socio psychological characteristics were collected through face to face interviews and observation using a pretested questionnaire. A five point scale developed by Hari (2014) was used to measure the attitude of rural youth towards farming. The study revealed that 75.19% of rural youth had moderately favourable attitude towards farming. Significant and positive relationship was observed with the age, family size, land holding, herd size, level of participation in farm activities with their attitude towards farming. It is suggested that there is a need of special efforts to attract, train and retain the rural youth in farming as a whole by developing more favourable attitude towards farming by transforming the agriculture and making it more agribusiness oriented, scientifically attractive, and economically profitabl

Bulk Viscous LRS Biachi-I Universe with variable GG and decaying Λ\Lambda

The present study deals with spatially homogeneous and totally anisotropic locally rotationally symmetric (LRS) Bianchi type I cosmological model with variable $G$ and $\Lambda$ in presence of imperfect fluid. To get the deterministic model of Universe, we assume that the expansion $(\theta)$ in the model is proportional to shear $(\sigma)$. This condition leads to $A=\ell B^{n}$, where $A$,\;$B$ are metric potential. The cosmological constant $\Lambda$ is found to be decreasing function of time and it approaches a small positive value at late time which is supported by recent Supernovae Ia (SN Ia) observations. Also it is evident that the distance modulus curve of derived model matches with observations perfectly.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures and 1 table, Accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Scienc

An ARPES view on the high-Tc problem: phonons vs spin-fluctuations

We review the search for a mediator of high-Tc superconductivity focusing on ARPES experiment. In case of HTSC cuprates, we summarize and discuss a consistent view of electronic interactions that provides natural explanation of both the origin of the pseudogap state and the mechanism for high temperature superconductivity. Within this scenario, the spin-fluctuations play a decisive role in formation of the fermionic excitation spectrum in the normal state and are sufficient to explain the high transition temperatures to the superconducting state while the pseudogap phenomenon is a consequence of a Peierls-type intrinsic instability of electronic system to formation of an incommensurate density wave. On the other hand, a similar analysis being applied to the iron pnictides reveals especially strong electron-phonon coupling that suggests important role of phonons for high-Tc superconductivity in pnictides.Comment: A summary of the ARPES part of the Research Unit FOR538, http://for538.wmi.badw.d

Electric field gradients in MgB2_2 synthesized at high pressure: 111^111Cd TDPAC study and ab initio calculation

We report the high-pressure synthesis of novel superconductor MgB$_2$ and some related compounds. The superconducting transition temperature of our samples of MgB$_2$ is equal to 36.6 K. The MgB$_2$ lattice parameters determined via X-ray diffraction are in excellent agreement with results of our ab initio calculations. The time-differential perturbed angular correlation (TDPAC) experiments demonstrate a small increase in quadrupole frequency of $^111$Cd probe with decreasing temperature from 293 to 4.2 K. The electric field gradient (EFG) at the B site calculated from first principles is in fair agreement with EFG obtained from $^11$B NMR spectra of MgB$_2$ reported in the literature. It is also very close to EFG found in our $^111$Cd TDPAC measurements, which suggests that the $^111$Cd probe substitutes for boron in the MgB$_2$ lattice.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure

Bianchi Type V Viscous Fluid Cosmological Models in Presence of Decaying Vacuum Energy

Bianchi type V viscous fluid cosmological model for barotropic fluid distribution with varying cosmological term $\Lambda$ is investigated. We have examined a cosmological scenario proposing a variation law for Hubble parameter $H$ in the background of homogeneous, anisotropic Bianchi type V space-time. The model isotropizes asymptotically and the presence of shear viscosity accelerates the isotropization. The model describes a unified expansion history of the universe indicating initial decelerating expansion and late time accelerating phase. Cosmological consequences of the model are also discussed.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure