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Myocardial Work Brings New Insights into Left Ventricular Remodelling in Cardio-Oncology Patients

Serial transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE) assessment of 2D left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and global longitudinal strain (GLS) are the gold standard screening methods for cancer therapeutics-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD). Non-invasive left ventricular (LV) pressure-strain loop (PSL) provides a novel method of quantifying myocardial work (MW) with potential advantages to evaluate the impact of cardiotoxic treatments on heart function. We prospectively assessed breast cancer female patients undergoing cancer therapy through serial monitoring by 2D and 3D TTE. Patients were evaluated at T0, T1 and T2 (before, 4-6 and 12-14 months after starting therapy, respectively). Through PSL analysis, MW indices were calculated. A total of 122 patients, with a mean age of 54.7 years, who received treatment with anthracyclines (77.0%) and anti-HER2 (75.4%) were included. During a mean follow-up of 14.9 ± 9.3 months, LVEF and GLS were significantly diminished, and 29.5% developed CTRCD. All MW indices were significantly reduced at T1 compared with baseline and tended to return to baseline values at T2. Global work index and global work efficiency showed a more pronounced variation in patients with CTRCD. The presence of more than one cardiovascular risk factor, obesity and baseline left atrium volume were predictors of changes in MW parameters. In conclusion, breast cancer treatment was associated with LV systolic dysfunction as assessed by MW, with its peak at 4-6 months and a partial recovery afterwards. Assessment of myocardial deformation parameters allows a more detailed characterization of cardiac remodelling and could enhance patient screening and selection for cardioprotective therapeutics.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Perfis de Vulnerabilidade Feminina ao HIV/aids em Belo Horizonte e Recife: comparando brancas e negras

OBJETIVO: Delinear e comparar os perfis das mulheres brancas e negras entre 18 e 59 anos, residentes em Belo Horizonte e Recife, enfocando características sociodemográficas e de conhecimento, além de atitudes em relação ao HIV/aids. MÉTODOS: Os dados são oriundos da pesquisa amostral SRSR - Saúde Reprodutiva, Sexualidade e Raça/Cor, conduzida pelo Cedeplar/UFMG em 2002 e única desta natureza com representatividade municipal. O método utilizado foi o Grade of Membership (GoM), a partir do qual foram gerados quatro perfis extremos para cada município. RESULTADOS: Tanto em Belo Horizonte quanto em Recife, as mulheres com maior probabilidade de serem brancas são também aquelas com maior probabilidade de ter escolaridade mais elevada, possuir plano de saúde, ter tido parceiro estável no ano anterior à pesquisa e ter poder na relação sexual. Quanto às negras, apenas em Belo Horizonte elas têm maior probabilidade de serem de baixa escolaridade, não possuírem plano de saúde, além de se sentirem desempoderadas diante do parceiro sexual. CONCLUSÕES: A comparação dos perfis de brancas e negras em Belo Horizonte e Recife revela diferenças na vulnerabilidade dessas mulheres ao HIV/aids. As diferenças entre os dois grupos são mais evidentes em Belo Horizonte.OBJECTIVE: To delineate and compare profiles of white and "Black" (either Black or mixed) women, 18 to 59 years-old, residents of Belo Horizonte and Recife (Brazil), focusing on their knowledge and attitudes about HIV/AIDS, as well as their socio-demographic characteristics. METHODS: Data come from the survey SRSR (Reproductive Health, Sexuality, and Race/Skin Color), conducted by Cedeplar in 2002 and the only one of its kind with representativeness at the municipality (county) level. Grade of Membership (GoM) was used to generate four profiles of women for each county. RESULTS: In Belo Horizonte and Recife, women who are more likely to be White are also more likely to have better education, health insurance, a stable partner in the year before the survey, and more power in their sexual partnership. Regarding the "Black" women in Belo Horizonte, they are more likely to have low education, no health insurance, and less power with their sexual partners. CONCLUSIONS: The comparison among the profiles of White and "Black" women in Belo Horizonte and Recife points to differences regarding their vulnerability to HIV/AIDS. The differences between the two racial groups are more evident in Belo Horizonte

Desenvolvimento do self e processos de hiperindividualização: interrogações à Psicologia Dialógica

Resumo: Em psicologia, à perspectiva dialógica estão associadas teorias do self, em especial a Teoria do Self Dialógico (TSD). Embora avanços consistentes venham sendo alcançados no que se refere à compreensão da organização dinâmica da estrutura do self no tempo microgenético, a teoria carece de estudos que se aprofundem na compreensão do desenvolvimento do self, tomando-se por base os distintos níveis temporais e suas relações. Este estudo propõe explorar essa lacuna, tomando por ponto de partida a tríade epistemológica da abordagem dialógica, a saber, suas bases semiótico-culturais, fenomenológicas e construcionistas. Em seguida, apresentará um estudo de caso em que serão analisadas as transições de desenvolvimento de um adolescente, considerando-se os complexos semióticos de gênero, raça e religião e seu papel nas transformações vividas em termos da organização temporal do self

Iron Overload in a Murine Model of Hereditary Hemochromatosis Is Associated with Accelerated Progression of Osteoarthritis Under Mechanical Stress

OBJECTIVE: Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a disease caused by mutations in the Hfe gene characterised by systemic iron overload and associated with an increased prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) but the role of iron overload in the development of OA is still undefined. To further understand the molecular mechanisms involved we have used a murine model of HH and studied the progression of experimental OA under mechanical stress. DESIGN: OA was surgically induced in the knee joints of 10-week-old C57BL6 (wild-type) mice and Hfe-KO mice. OA progression was assessed using histology, micro CT, gene expression and immunohistochemistry at 8 weeks after surgery. RESULTS: Hfe-KO mice showed a systemic iron overload and an increased iron accumulation in the knee synovial membrane following surgery. The histological OA score was significantly higher in the Hfe-KO mice at 8 weeks after surgery. Micro CT study of the proximal tibia revealed increased subchondral bone volume and increased trabecular thickness. Gene expression and immunohistochemical analysis showed a significant increase in the expression of matrix metallopeptidase 3 (MMP-3) in the joints of Hfe-KO mice compared with control mice at 8 weeks after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: HH was associated with an accelerated development of OA in mice. Our findings suggest that synovial iron overload has a definite role in the progression of HH-related O

Characterization of the behavior of pumps operating as turbines: numerical and experimental analysis

[PT] A crescente crise energética e o consumo excessivo de recursos levantam a preocupação de encontrar novas fontes alternativas de energia, viabilizando novos métodos de produção e/ou tornando mais eficientes os que já existem. Pretende-se investigar a viabilidade do aproveitamento de energia em excesso em sistemas de abastecimento de água, de drenagem ou de irrigação através da utilização de microturbinas, como sejam bombas a funcionar como turbinas (BCT). Avaliou-se a caracterização do comportamento das BCT recorrendo a um conjunto exaustivo de ensaios experimentais que incluem bombas a funcionar isoladamente e em paralelo, e a simulações numéricas avançadas utilizando modelos de dinâmica de fluidos computacional (CFD). Obtiveram-se um conjunto de curvas características caudal vs queda e eficiência vs caudal para diferentes velocidades de rotação e modos de funcionamento.[EN] The increasing energy crisis and the excessive consumption of resources raise the concern to find new alternative sources of energy, enabling new production methods and / or making more efficient those that already exist. Taking into account the advantages that the microproduction of energy provides, it is intended to investigate the feasibility of excess energy consumption in water supply, drainage and irrigation systems through the use of microturbines such as pump as turbines (PAT). The characterization of PAT¿s behaviour was evaluated using an exhaustive set of experimental tests that includes a PAT operating in isolated mode and in parallel mode, and advanced numerical simulations using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models. A set of characteristic curves flow vs. head and efficiency vs. head were obtained for different rotational speeds and operating modes.Os autores agradecem ao projeto REDAWN (Redução da Dependência Energética nas Redes de Águas da Área Atlântica) EAPA_198 / 2016 do PROGRAMA INTERREG ATLÂNTICO 2014-2020, ao CERIS e aos Laboratórios de Hidráulica do DECivil, pelo apoio no desenvolvimento dos ensaios experimentais.Ramos, HM.; Simão, M.; Pérez-Sánchez, M.; Fernandes, JF.; Costa Branco, PJ.; López Jiménez, PA. (2020). Caracterização do comportamento de bombas a funcionar como turbinas: análise numérica e experimental. Águas & Resíduos. 4(7):44-54. https://doi.org/10.22181/aer.2020.0705S44544