7,920 research outputs found
A Note on Flips in Diagonal Rectangulations
Rectangulations are partitions of a square into axis-aligned rectangles. A
number of results provide bijections between combinatorial equivalence classes
of rectangulations and families of pattern-avoiding permutations. Other results
deal with local changes involving a single edge of a rectangulation, referred
to as flips, edge rotations, or edge pivoting. Such operations induce a graph
on equivalence classes of rectangulations, related to so-called flip graphs on
triangulations and other families of geometric partitions. In this note, we
consider a family of flip operations on the equivalence classes of diagonal
rectangulations, and their interpretation as transpositions in the associated
Baxter permutations, avoiding the vincular patterns { 3{14}2, 2{41}3 }. This
complements results from Law and Reading (JCTA, 2012) and provides a complete
characterization of flip operations on diagonal rectangulations, in both
geometric and combinatorial terms
Computing Optimal Shortcuts for Networks
We study augmenting a plane Euclidean network with a segment, called shortcut, to minimize the largest distance between any two points along the edges of the resulting network. Questions of this type have received considerable attention recently, mostly for discrete variants of the problem. We study a fully continuous setting, where all points on the network and the inserted segment must be taken into account. We present the first results on the computation of optimal shortcuts for general networks in this model, together with several results for networks that are paths, restricted to two types of shortcuts: shortcuts with a fixed orientation and simple shortcuts
Oral Health Intervention: A Multifaceted Approach to Improve Oral Health Care during Pregnancy
Introduction:
Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is the most common chronic disease of childhood
Mothers’ oral health status is a strong predictor of the oral health status of their children
2009:
Vermont spends 495 Medicaid cap on reimbursement for a woman’s dental care during pregnancy and up to 60 days after delivery
American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) Guidelines on prenatal dental care are published
2013:
74% of surveyed Vermont providers treating pregnant women are unaware of the Medicaid change
82% of these providers are not using guidelines to assess oral health during pregnancy
Objective: To improve prenatal dental referral rates from obstetric providers by facilitating Vermont-specific implementation of ACOG guidelineshttps://scholarworks.uvm.edu/comphp_gallery/1212/thumbnail.jp
Pesquisas em reprodução fomentam mudanças tecnológicas na suinocultura.
Projeto: 11.11.11.111
Health impact pathways related to air quality changes: testing two health risk methodologies over a local traffic case study
Air pollution causes damage and imposes risks on human health, especially in cities, where the pollutant load is a major
concern, although the extent of these effects is still largely unknown. Thus, taking the busiest road traffic area in Portugal as
a local case study (600 m × 600 m domain, 4 m2
spatial resolution), the objective of this work was to investigate two health
risk methodologies (linear and nonlinear), which were applied for estimating short-term health impacts related to daily
variations of high-resolution ambient nitrogen dioxide (
NO2) concentrations modelled for winter and summer periods. Both
approaches are based on the same general equation and health input metrics, differing only in the relative risk calculation.
Health outcomes, translated into the total number of cases and subsequent damage costs, were compared, and their associated
uncertainties and challenges for health impact modelling were addressed. Overall, for the winter and summer periods,
health outcomes considering the whole simulation domain were lower using the nonlinear methodology (less 27% and 28%,
respectively). Spatially, these differences are more noticeable in locations with higher NO2
and population values, where the
highest health estimates were obtained. When the daily NO2
exposure was less than 6 μg.m−3, a fact that occurred in 95% of
the domain cells and in both periods, relatively small differences between approaches were found. Analysing the seasonality
effect, total health impacts derived from the linear and nonlinear applications were greater in summer (around 18% in both
approaches). This happens due to the magnitude and spatial variability of NO2,
as the other health input metrics remained
constant. This exploratory research in local scale health impact assessment (HIA) demonstrated that the use of refined input
data could contribute to more accurate health estimates and that the nonlinear approach is probably the most suitable for
characterising air pollution episodes, thus providing important support in HIA.The authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and
Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support through national
funds FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020 and
UIDP/00690/2020), SusTEC (LA/P/0007/2020) and CESAM (UID
P/50017/2020 + UIDB/50017/2020 + LA/P/0094/2020), and for the
contract granted to Joana Ferreira (2020.00622.CEECIND). Thanks are also due to the Project “OleaChain: Competências para a sustentabilidade
e inovação da cadeia de valor do olival tradicional no Norte
Interior de Portugal” (NORTE-06–3559-FSE-000188), an operation to
hire highly qualified human resources, funded by NORTE 2020 through
the European Social Fund (ESF).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Shortest Paths in Portalgons
Any surface that is intrinsically polyhedral can be represented by a collection of simple polygons (fragments), glued along pairs of equally long oriented edges, where each fragment is endowed with the geodesic metric arising from its Euclidean metric. We refer to such a representation as a portalgon, and we call two portalgons equivalent if the surfaces they represent are isometric.
We analyze the complexity of shortest paths. We call a fragment happy if any shortest path on the portalgon visits it at most a constant number of times. A portalgon is happy if all of its fragments are happy. We present an efficient algorithm to compute shortest paths on happy portalgons.
The number of times that a shortest path visits a fragment is unbounded in general. We contrast this by showing that the intrinsic Delaunay triangulation of any polyhedral surface corresponds to a happy portalgon. Since computing the intrinsic Delaunay triangulation may be inefficient, we provide an efficient algorithm to compute happy portalgons for a restricted class of portalgons
Continuous mean distance of a weighted graph
We study the concept of the continuous mean distance of a weighted graph. For
connected unweighted graphs, the mean distance can be defined as the arithmetic
mean of the distances between all pairs of vertices. This parameter provides a
natural measure of the compactness of the graph, and has been intensively
studied, together with several variants, including its version for weighted
graphs. The continuous analog of the (discrete) mean distance is the mean of
the distances between all pairs of points on the edges of the graph. Despite
being a very natural generalization, to the best of our knowledge this concept
has been barely studied, since the jump from discrete to continuous implies
having to deal with an infinite number of distances, something that increases
the difficulty of the parameter. In this paper we show that the continuous mean
distance of a weighted graph can be computed in time quadratic in the number of
edges, by two different methods that apply fundamental concepts in discrete
algorithms and computational geometry. We also present structural results that
allow a faster computation of this continuous parameter for several classes of
weighted graphs. Finally, we study the relation between the (discrete) mean
distance and its continuous counterpart, mainly focusing on the relevant
question of the convergence when iteratively subdividing the edges of the
weighted graph
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