The time dimension in the management of leisure experiences in the pandemic period of Covid-19 in Brazil

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a dimensão tempo na gestão das experiências de lazer durante o distanciamento social por conta da pandemia COVID-19. A pesquisa, de natureza quali-quantitativa, do tipo descritiva, utilizou estudo de campo mediante a aplicação de um questionário on-line. A amostra foi composta de 2.278 brasileiros, acima de 18 anos. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de estatística descritiva e análise de conteúdo. Os resultados indicaram que a maioria dos respondentes teve tempo para as experiências de lazer, embora a maioria também tenha relatado que esse tempo diminuiu neste período. Entre os conteúdos culturais do lazer, os mais vivenciados de acordo com o tempo foram: os virtuais, os intelectuais e os manuais. Sugerem-se novos estudos que abordem esta temática, associando-os a outras dimensões do lazer.This study aims to analyze the time dimension in the management of leisure experiences during social distancing due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The research, of a quali-quantitative nature, descriptive type, used a field study approach through the application of an online questionnaire. The sample consisted of 2,278 Brazilians, over 18 years of age. Data analysis was performed through descriptive statistics and content analysis. Results indicated that the majority of respondents had time for leisure experiences, although most of them also reported that this time decreased during this period. Among the cultural contents of leisure, the most prevalent were: virtual, intellectuals and manuals experiences. Further studies are recommended to address this theme, by associating them with other dimensions of leisure

Dwellings, jabuticabas, and affections — trajectories with Sylvia Caiuby Novaes

Sylvia Caiuby Novaes é professora do Departamento de Antropologia da Universidade de São Paulo (USP) e dedica-se há cerca de 50 anos à pesquisa e ao ensino em antropologia. Entre outras realizações, ela é uma das pioneiras da antropologia visual no Brasil, é fundadora do Laboratório de Imagem e Som da Antropologia (LISA) e editora responsável pela revista Gesto, Imagem e Som. Revista de Antropologia (GIS). Nesta entrevista, realizada por mais de 30 orientandos de diferentes gerações, Sylvia fala sobre sua trajetória, projetos, visão de mundo, suas diversas viagens, o fascínio pelas pesquisas de campo e a universidade. Ao contar sobre sua trajetória acadêmica e pessoal, Sylvia traz reflexões sobre sua relação com a fotografia e a produção de imagens.  Sylvia Caiuby Novaes is a Professor in the Department of Anthropology at the University of São Paulo (USP) and has been dedicated to research and teaching in anthropology for nearly 50 years. Among other accomplishments, she is one of the pioneers of visual anthropology in Brazil, is the founder of the Laboratory of Image and Sound of Anthropology (LISA) and the editor in charge of the Gesture, Image and Sound.  Journal of Anthropology (GIS). In this interview, conducted by more than 30 advisees from different generations, Sylvia talks about her trajectory, projects, worldview, her various travels, her fascination with field research and the university. When telling about her academic and personal trajectory, Sylvia reflects on her relationship with photography and the production of images

Mitochondrial physiology

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery

Mitochondrial physiology

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery

Acute exercise decreases PTP-1B protein level and improves insulin signaling in the liver of old rats

It is now commonly accepted that chronic inflammation associated with obesity during aging induces insulin resistance in the liver. In the present study, we investigated whether the improvement in insulin sensitivity and insulin signaling, mediated by acute exercise, could be associated with modulation of protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP-1B) in the liver of old rats. Aging rats were subjected to swimming for two 1.5-h long bouts, separated by a 45 min rest period. Sixteen hours after the exercise, the rats were sacrificed and proteins from the insulin signaling pathway were analyzed by immunoblotting. Our results show that the fat mass was increased in old rats. The reduction in glucose disappearance rate (Kitt) observed in aged rats was restored 16 h after exercise. Aging increased the content of PTP-1B and attenuated insulin signaling in the liver of rats, a phenomenon that was reversed by exercise. Aging rats also increased the IRβ/PTP-1B and IRS-1/PTP-1B association in the liver when compared with young rats. Conversely, in the liver of exercised old rats, IRβ/PTP-1B and IRS-1/PTP-1B association was markedly decreased. Moreover, in the hepatic tissue of old rats, the insulin signalling was decreased and PEPCK and G6Pase levels were increased when compared with young rats. Interestingly, 16 h after acute exercise, the PEPCK and G6Pase protein level were decreased in the old exercised group. These results provide new insights into the mechanisms by which exercise restores insulin signalling in liver during aging. © 2013 Moura et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd

Development of a novel nano-biomaterial for biomedical applications.

The technological development of biodegradable nanoparticles for drug delivery in medical diagnostics and therapies is addressing increasing efforts to make safer, affordable and more bio-efficient polymeric materials. The preparation via the solvent displacement method of a novel polymeric nanomaterial with new spherical and narrow sizes dispersion is described. It was achieved by choosing the best amount of PLDLA-co-TMC, PEO-PPO-PEO and an adequate acetone:methanol volume ratio, using the factorial design 23 and Box-Behnken experiment design. This new material was loaded with finasteride, the chosen drug model, and its delivery dynamic was determined by the HPLC method. Results revealed that an optimal formulation of PLDLA-co-TMC nanoparticles was found to be composed of 20 mg PLDLA-co-TMC; 37.5 mg PEO-PPO-PEO and a volume acetone:methanol ratio 2.2:0.3. The formulation of this novel biomaterial showed a high encapsulation efficiency of finasteride, controlled release profile along 24 h, without burst effect in the first 4 h, nanometric sizes, spherical shapes, close polydispersity, negative surface charge, unimodal particle size distribution and relatively high thermal stability of the polymer matrix PEO-PPO-PEO/PLDLA-co-TMC. These results support the fabrication of technologically advanced nanoparticles based on high molecular weight PLDLA-co-TMC and their use in the nano-controlled drug release in biomedical applications

Resumos concluídos - Ciências Biológicas

Resumos concluídos - Ciências Biológica