407 research outputs found
Atomization of viscoelastic fluids Final report, 1 Jan. 1968 - 30 Jun. 1969
Atomization of viscoelastic fluid
Towards a Formally Verified Security Monitor for VM-based Confidential Computing
Confidential computing is a key technology for isolating high-assurance
applications from the large amounts of untrusted code typical in modern
systems. Existing confidential computing systems cannot be certified for use in
critical applications, like systems controlling critical infrastructure,
hardware security modules, or aircraft, as they lack formal verification.
This paper presents an approach to formally modeling and proving a security
monitor. It introduces a canonical architecture for virtual machine (VM)-based
confidential computing systems. It abstracts processor-specific components and
identifies a minimal set of hardware primitives required by a trusted security
monitor to enforce security guarantees. We demonstrate our methodology and
proposed approach with an example from our Rust implementation of the security
monitor for RISC-V
Association of blood pressure variability and neurocognition in children with chronic kidney disease
Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypertension have increased blood pressure variability (BPV). Increased BPV has been associated with lower neurocognitive test scores in adults. Children with CKD are at risk for decreased neurocognitive function. Our objective was to determine if children with CKD and increased BPV had worse performance on neurocognitive testing compared with children with CKD and lower BPV
Kinetics of fragmentation-annihilation processes
We investigate the kinetics of systems in which particles of one species
undergo binary fragmentation and pair annihilation. In the latter, nonlinear
process, fragments react at collision to produce an inert species, causing loss
of mass. We analyse these systems in the reaction-limited regime by solving a
continuous model within the mean-field approximation. The rate of
fragmentation, for a particle of mass to break into fragments of masses
and , has the form (), and the annihilation
rate is constant and independent of the masses of the reactants. We find that
the asymptotic regime is characterized by the annihilation of small-mass
clusters. The results are compared with those for a model with linear mass-loss
(i.e.\ with a sink). We also study more complex models, in which the processes
of fragmentation and annihilation are controlled by mutually-reacting
catalysts. Both pair- and linear-annihilation are considered. Depending on the
specific model and initial densities of the catalysts, the time-decay of the
cluster-density can now be very unconventional and even non-universal. The
interplay between the intervening processes and the existence of a scaling
regime are determined by the asymptotic behaviour of the average-mass and of
the mass-density, which may either decay indefinitely or tend to a constant
value. We discuss further developments of this class of models and their
potential applications.Comment: 16 pages(LaTeX), submitted to Phys. Rev.
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Regression, developmental trajectory and associated problems in disorders in the autism spectrum: the SNAP study
We report rates of regression and associated findings in a population derived group of 255 children aged 9-14 years, participating in a prevalence study of autism spectrum disorders (ASD); 53 with narrowly defined autism, 105 with broader ASD and 97 with non-ASD neurodevelopmental problems, drawn from those with special educational needs within a population of 56,946 children. Language regression was reported in 30% with narrowly defined autism, 8% with broader ASD and less than 3% with developmental problems without ASD. A smaller group of children were identified who underwent a less clear setback. Regression was associated with higher rates of autistic symptoms and a deviation in developmental trajectory. Regression was not associated with epilepsy or gastrointestinal problems
Neurocognitive, Social-Behavioral, and Adaptive Functioning in Preschool Children with Mild to Moderate Kidney Disease
The negative impact of End Stage Kidney Disease on cognitive function in children is well established, but no studies have examined the neurocognitive, social-behavioral, and adaptive behavior skills of preschool children with mild to moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD)
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Treatment of infantile spasms: emerging insights from clinical and basic science perspectives.
Infantile spasms is an epileptic encephalopathy of early infancy with specific clinical and electroencephalographic (EEG) features, limited treatment options, and a poor prognosis. Efforts to develop improved treatment options have been hindered by the lack of experimental models in which to test prospective therapies. The neuropeptide adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is effective in many cases of infantile spasms, although its mechanism(s) of action is unknown. This review describes the emerging candidate mechanisms that can underlie the therapeutic effects of ACTH in infantile spasms. These mechanisms can ultimately help to improve understanding and treatment of the disease. An overview of current treatments of infantile spasms, novel conceptual and experimental approaches to infantile spasms treatment, and a perspective on remaining clinical challenges and current research questions are presented here. This summary derives from a meeting of specialists in infantile spasms clinical care and research held in New York City on June 14, 2010
Stable Distributions in Stochastic Fragmentation
We investigate a class of stochastic fragmentation processes involving stable
and unstable fragments. We solve analytically for the fragment length density
and find that a generic algebraic divergence characterizes its small-size tail.
Furthermore, the entire range of acceptable values of decay exponent consistent
with the length conservation can be realized. We show that the stochastic
fragmentation process is non-self-averaging as moments exhibit significant
sample-to-sample fluctuations. Additionally, we find that the distributions of
the moments and of extremal characteristics possess an infinite set of
progressively weaker singularities.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure
Prevalence of seizures and associated factors in children under five living in a deprived municipality of southern Brazil
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