Melhoria da Atenção aos Usuários Portadores de Hipertensão Arterial e Diabetes Mellitus da UBS Unidade Sanitária de Arvorezinha/RS

As doenças cardiovasculares representam no Brasil a maior causa de morte (BRASIL, 2006). Nesse contexto, faze-se necessária a utilização de medidas de controle dos agravos e prevenção de riscos dessa população, uma vez que o Diabettes Mellitus (DM) e a Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) também estão entre as primeiras causas de hospitalizações no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e representam, ainda, mais da metade do diagnóstico primário em pessoas com insuficiência renal crônica submetidas à diálise (BRASIL, 2013). Para tanto, considerou-se importante a implementação de ações que visassem o aumento do número de pessoas acompanhadas nas Unidades de Saúde acometidas por essas patologias, bem como a melhoria na qualidade do acompanhamento dessas pessoas, consequentemente a melhoria da atenção a esses usuários. Foram elaboradas ações de Monitoramento e Avaliação, Organização e Gestão do Serviço, Engajamento Público e Qualificação da Prática Clínica e realizou-se uma intervenção durante 12 semanas. Nossos resultados foram positivos, finalizamos o terceiro mês da intervenção com um total de 220 hipertensos (70,5%) e 42 diabéticos (89,4%) cadastrados e melhoramos a qualidade do atendimento, dos registros, e das orientações de promoção da saúde. As ações já foram incorporadas a rotina do serviço, e a equipe esta preparada para dar continuidade a essa ação programática, mesmo com a saída da médica da equipe

LIVER BIOPSY: IMPORTANCE OF SPECIMEN SIZE IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND STAGING OF CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS

Liver biopsy is the gold standard method for the grading and staging of chronic viral hepatitis, but optimal biopsy specimen size remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of liver specimen (number of portal tracts) and to evaluate the impact of the number of portal tracts in the staging of chronic hepatitis. Material and Methods: 468 liver biopsies from consecutive patients with hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus infection from 2009 to 2010 were evaluated. Results: The length of fragment was less than 10 mm in 43 cases (9.3%), between 10 and 14 mm in 114 (24.3%), and ≥ 15 mm in 311 (64.4%); of these, in 39 (8.3%) cases were ≥ 20 mm. The mean representation of portal tracts was 17.6 ± 2.1 (5-40); in specimens ≥ 15 mm the mean portal tract was 13.5 ± 4.7 and in cases ≤ 15 mm was 11.4 ± 5.0 (p = 0.002). Cases with less than 11 portal tracts were associated with F3, and cases with 11 or more portal tracts with F2 (p = 0.001). Conclusion: this study demonstrated the good quality of liver biopsy and a relationship between the macroscopic size of the fragment and the number of portal tracts

Suicide risk and prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) among individuals infected with HIV-1 subtype C versus B in Southern Brazil

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is among the most prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders associated with HIV infection; however, its risks and neurobiologic correlates in diverse cultures are poorly understood. This study aimed to examine the frequency of MDD among HIV+ participants in southern Brazil. We hypothesized that the frequency and severity of MDD would be higher among individuals HIV+ compared with HIV−, and higher in HIV subtype B compared with C. Individuals with HIV (n=39) as well as seronegative controls (n=22) were enrolled in a cross-sectional, prospective, observational study. Current and lifetime history of MDD was diagnosed by MINI-Plus; symptom severity was assessed by BDI-II. Current and past episodes of MDD were significantly more frequent in the HIV+ versus HIV− group: current MDD, 15 (38.5%) vs. 0 (0%), p = 0.0004; past MDD, 24 (61.5%) vs. 3 (13.6%), p = 0.0004. The median BDI-II score in the HIV+ group was significantly higher than in the HIV− (13 [8–27.5] vs. 2.5 [1–5.5]; p < 0.0001). Current suicide risk, defined as during the last month, was found in 18% of participants in the HIV-positive and in none in the HIV-negative group. Neither current MDD frequency (8 (57.1%) vs. 6 (40%), p = 0.47) nor BDI-II score differed across subtypes B and C. CONCLUSIONS: HIV+ group may be more likely to experience current MMD than HIV−. This was the first study to compare the frequency and severity of MDD in HIV subtype B and C; we found no difference between HIV subtypes B or C