Multi-Index Bi-Criterion Transportation Problem: A Fuzzy Approach

This paper represents a non linear bi-criterion generalized multi-index transportation problem (BGMTP) is considered. The generalized transportation problem (GTP) arises in many real-life applications. It has the form of a classical transportation problem, with the additional assumption that the quantities of goods change during the transportation process. Here the fuzzy constraints are used in the demand and in the budget. An efficient new solution procedure is developed keeping the budget as the first priority. All efficient time-cost trade-off pairs are obtained. D1-distance is calculated to each trade-off pair from the ideal solution. Finally optimum solution is reached by using D1-distance

An assessment of genetic fidelity of in vitro grown plantlets of rose (Rosa hybrida) through molecular markers

A simple and routine method for the analysis of somaclonal variation among tissue culture derived rose plants is a prerequisite for precise monitoring of quality control during rapid mass micropropagation. Random  amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) molecular marker techniques were employed to validate the genetic fidelity in three varieties of Rosa hybrida [Culture varieties (cvs) First  Red, Cri Cri and Pusa Gaurav] multiplied in vitro by axillary multiplication for up to 26 subcultures. Twelve  RAPD and seventeen ISSR primers generated a total of 119, 104 and 114 amplicons in cvs First Red, Cri Cri  and Pusa Gaurav, respectively. A homogeneous amplification profile was observed between the explant source and all the micropropagated plantlets. The result indicated the clonal fidelity of the tissue culture raised R.  hybrida plantlets and corroborated the assumption that axillary multiplication is the safest mode for  multiplication of true to type plants without any somaclonal variation.Key words: Rosa hybrida, in vitro, genetic fidelity, molecular markers

An Empirical Analysis of cluster-based routing protocols in wireless sensor network

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are utilized for condition monitoring, developing the board, following animals or goods, social protection, transportation, and house frameworks. WSNs are revolutionizing research. A WSN includes a large number of sensor nodes, or bits, in the application. Bits outfitted with the application\u27s sensors acquire nature data and send it to at least one sink center (in like manner called base stations). This article simulates energy-efficient network initialization strategies using simulation models. First, an overview of network initiation and exploration procedures in wireless ad-hoc networks is provided. The clustering-based routing strategy was selected since it\u27s best for ad-hoc sensor networks. The clustering-based routing techniques used for this study are described below. LEACH, SEP, and Z-SEP are used. MATLAB was used to implement and simulate all routing protocols. All protocols were simulated with various parameters like Number of CHs, Number of Alive Nodes, Number of Dead Nodes, Number of packets to BS, and circumstances to show their functioning and to determine their behavior in different sensor networks