Generalized barker sequences

Correlation functions for binary digital systems - binary code and vector analysi

The changing rules of jus ad bellum : conflicts in Kosovo, Iraq and Afghanistan

This article focuses on three instances of the use of armed force in international relations. The three instances that are explored are the intervention by NATO in Kosovo, the armed attack by mainly the USA and the UK against Afghanistan and the war against Iraq in 2003. The purpose of this investigation is to examine the legality of the coercive measures in order to ascertain the effects that these actions had in relation to article 2(4) of the UN Charter. The proposed justifications for the attacks differ and these are carefully scrutinized against the jus ad bellum as to determine the legality of the attacks. The notion of humanitarian intervention was used as a ground for justification by variousinternational scholars to explain the use of force in Kosovo, but this concept is not recognized in terms of international law. The attack on Afghanistan was based on article 51 of the UN Charter. The attacks were directed at Afghanistan as this state harboured the terrorists responsible for the attacks on the USA. The mere harbouring of terrorists does not give rise to the use of armed force on the basis of article 51 and as such the use of coercive measures against Afghanistan was illegal. The use of force in Iraq was mainly based on the doctrine of preemptive force which is alien to international law. The USA and its coalition partners also acted in contravention with the jus ad bellum in this regard. The author poses certain proposals in relation to the jus ad bellum and stresses theimportance of article 2(4) which must ensure that international relations are not once more regulated by the use of armed force

Observation of Exceptional Points in Electronic Circuits

Two damped coupled oscillators have been used to demonstrate the occurrence of exceptional points in a purely classical system. The implementation was achieved with electronic circuits in the kHz-range. The experimental results perfectly match the mathematical predictions at the exceptional point. A discussion about the universal occurrence of exceptional points -- connecting dissipation with spatial orientation -- concludes the paper.Comment: 4 pages, latex, 3 postscript figures, submitted for publicatio

Scattering in three-dimensional fuzzy space

We develop scattering theory in a non-commutative space defined by a $su(2)$ coordinate algebra. By introducing a positive operator valued measure as a replacement for strong position measurements, we are able to derive explicit expressions for the probability current, differential and total cross-sections. We show that at low incident energies the kinematics of these expressions is identical to that of commutative scattering theory. The consequences of spacial non-commutativity are found to be more pronounced at the dynamical level where, even at low incident energies, the phase shifts of the partial waves can deviate strongly from commutative results. This is demonstrated for scattering from a spherical well. The impact of non-commutativity on the well's spectrum and on the properties of its bound and scattering states are considered in detail. It is found that for sufficiently large well-depths the potential effectively becomes repulsive and that the cross-section tends towards that of hard sphere scattering. This can occur even at low incident energies when the particle's wave-length inside the well becomes comparable to the non-commutative length-scale.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure

Combating the Traumatic Effects of Industrial Noise

Today\u27s increased interest in factory noise is partly created by the fact that exposure to sound under certain conditions may cause hearing impairment. This interest has been reflected in both management and labor circles. The seriousness of the problem is evidenced by a sudden increase in the number of claims filed for industrial hearing loss, presumably caused by exposure to high intensity sound. Unfortunately, major uncertainties exist, making the establishment of standardized tests and measurements difficult. Allison Chalmers Manufacturing Company and competent medical authorities have done a great deal of valuable preliminary study, making it possible to set tentative standards and chart a course for programs which ultimately will control the noise problem