Enhancing the heat transfer of triangular pyramid solar still using phase change material as storage material

This paper presents the method of improvement of enhancing the performance of triangular pyramid solar still with and without latent heat energy storage. For comparing the productivity of solar still with and without LHTESS a solar still is designed, fabricated. Experiments are conducted in hot and humid climate of Chennai, India. Paraffin wax is used as LHTESS due to its feasible general and economic properties. The hourly productivity is slightly higher in case of solar still without LHTESS during sunny days. There is an increase of about 35% in production of fresh water with LHTESS than that of solar still without LHTESS. Also it was found that during the off shine period the fresh water produced from the still is higher. The solar still with and without LHTESS were found to be 4.5 L/m2day and 3.5 L/m2day

H3K9me2/3 Binding of the MBT Domain Protein LIN-61 Is Essential for Caenorhabditis elegans Vulva Development

MBT domain proteins are involved in developmental processes and tumorigenesis. In vitro binding and mutagenesis studies have shown that individual MBT domains within clustered MBT repeat regions bind mono- and dimethylated histone lysine residues with little to no sequence specificity but discriminate against the tri- and unmethylated states. However, the exact function of promiscuous histone methyl-lysine binding in the biology of MBT domain proteins has not been elucidated. Here, we show that the Caenorhabditis elegans four MBT domain protein LIN-61, in contrast to other MBT repeat factors, specifically interacts with histone H3 when methylated on lysine 9, displaying a strong preference for di- and trimethylated states (H3K9me2/3). Although the fourth MBT repeat is implicated in this interaction, H3K9me2/3 binding minimally requires MBT repeats two to four. Further, mutagenesis of residues conserved with other methyl-lysine binding MBT regions in the fourth MBT repeat does not abolish interaction, implicating a distinct binding mode. In vivo, H3K9me2/3 interaction of LIN-61 is required for C. elegans vulva development within the synMuvB pathway. Mutant LIN-61 proteins deficient in H3K9me2/3 binding fail to rescue lin-61 synMuvB function. Also, previously identified point mutant synMuvB alleles are deficient in H3K9me2/3 interaction although these target residues that are outside of the fourth MBT repeat. Interestingly, lin-61 genetically interacts with two other synMuvB genes, hpl-2, an HP1 homologous H3K9me2/3 binding factor, and met-2, a SETDB1 homologous H3K9 methyl transferase (H3K9MT), in determining C. elegans vulva development and fertility. Besides identifying the first sequence specific and di-/trimethylation binding MBT domain protein, our studies imply complex multi-domain regulation of ligand interaction of MBT domains. Our results also introduce a mechanistic link between LIN-61 function and biology, and they establish interplay of the H3K9me2/3 binding proteins, LIN-61 and HPL-2, as well as the H3K9MT MET-2 in distinct developmental pathways

The limits of India’s ethno-linguistic federation: understanding the demise of Sikh nationalism

From 1984 until 1993, the Indian state of Punjab witnessed a sustained insurgency by Sikh militants campaigning for a separate sovereign state. This insurgency was ultimately defeated by the overwhelming use of security force that officially resulted in the deaths of 30,000 people. By the mid-1990s, a ‘normalcy’ had returned to Punjab politics, but the underlying issues which had fuelled the demand for separatism remain unaddressed. This paper examines critically the argument that India’s ethno-linguistic federation is exceptional in accommodating ethno-nationalist movements. By drawing on the Punjab case study, it argues that special considerations apply to the governance of peripheral regions (security, religion). Regional elites in these states struggle to build legitimacy because such legitimacy poses a threat to India’s nation and state-building. In short, India’s ethno-linguistic federation is only partially successful in managing ethno-linguistic demands in the peripheral Indian states

Las relaciones internacionales asiáticas; perspectivas contemporáneas

The Third World is a crucially important part of the world, perhaps more refractory in many respects to study than the ideologically divided but technologically more cohesive regions of the developed world. However, it has been given marginal importance. The problems it presents are indeed challenging. Although Asia is the center of this paper, much of what is said in it can be applied to the Third World. This work is divided into three parts: 1. The situation from the postwar period to the present; 2. Possible changes in the future; and 3. Meaning of political processes in Asia for the international system.El Tercer Mundo es una parte crucialmente importante del mundo, tal vez más refractario, en muchos aspectos al estudio que las regiones, ideológicamente divididas, pero tecnológicamente más cohesionadas, del mundo desarrollado. Sin embargo, se le ha dado una importancia marginal. Los problemas que presenta son efectivamente desafiantes. Si bien Asia es el centro de este trabajo, mucho de lo que se diga en él podrá ser aplicado al Tercer Mundo. Este trabajo se divide en tres partes: 1. La situación desde la postguerra hasta el presente; 2. Posibles cambios en el futuro; y 3. Significado de los procesos políticos en Asia para el sistema internacional