Psycho-Physiological Response by 3D Image and Sound

AbstractRecently, advances in stereoscopic imaging technology have opened up opportunities to view three-dimensional (3D) images and it is expected that 3D imaging technology will be further utilized in medical facilities. In our study, we investigated the psycho-physiological effects induced by 3D imagery and sound combinations by using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), electrocardiograms (ECG), and the Roken Arousal Scale (RAS). The following four image and sound conditions were compared under both 2D and 3D conditions: sound only, image only, synchronized image and sound combinations, and asynchronized image and sound combinations. In all tests, brain activity in the frontal cortex was measured by placing NIRS probes near the prefrontal cortex and in the vicinity of dorsolateral area 46. To evaluate any increase or decrease in oxygenated hemoglobin (oxyHb), we used δoxyHb. Briefly, oxyHb waveform data are passed through a differential filter, after which a sum of more than zero is defined as a positive component, and a sum less than zero is defined as a negative component. The δoxyHb value is defined as the positive component minus the negative component. It was found that δoxyHb values for sound and imagery alone under the 2D condition exceeded those under the corresponding 3D condition. Furthermore, δoxyHb values under synchronized and asynchronized 3D conditions were higher than those recorded under the corresponding 2D condition. These results suggest differences in brain activities between 2D and 3D imagery, or with or without sound. The highest δoxyHb value was recorded for 3D imagery with synchronized sound. High frequency component (HF) values for a synchronized image and sound under 3D conditions were the lowest, and low frequency component (LF) / HF values for the synchronized image and sound under 3D conditions were the highest. These results indicate the predominance of the sympathetic nervous system during sound-synchronized 3D imagery

Formation processes of a pocket consisting of bubble-free ice in Hamna ice cliff, Soya Coast, East Antarctica

To clarify the basal hydrology of Soya drainage, East Antarctica, we studied the formation processes of a pocket consisting of bubble-free ice in Hamna ice cliff, Soya Coast by using stable isotope ratios (δ^O andδD). The stable isotopes of this bubble-free ice are almost the same values withoutδ-value fluctuations as those from Rayleigh-type fractionation; isotopically, the bubble-free ice was heavier by 3.8 and 27‰ for δ^O and δD, respectively, than the neighboring bubbly ice. These results suggest that the pocket was formed by meltwater refreezing during the discharge of water to the lower reach under the Soya drainage. Meltwater under the Soya drainage is considered to have flowed through R-channels

Areal distribution of water-insoluble particles in snow covers of the central mountainous area, Japan

The vertical snow samples collected from 6 locations (Iou-zen: 800m A.M.S.L; the nearest site from the Sea of Japan, Kongoudou-zan: 1300m, Nishi-Hodaka-Dake: 2200m; the Northern Japan Alps, Hachimori-yama: 2100m, Kiriga-mine: 2000m, Yatsuga-take: 2200m; the most inlying site) in the central mountainous area, Japan, during early spring season 2004, were analyzed for size-separated concentrations of water-insoluble particles in snow layers to investigation of long-range transportation of chemical substances from the Asian continent to high mountainous areas in Japan. Most of particles are less than 30 μm in diameter, the greater part of particles observed at the 6 locations were considered to be transported from the Asian continent sources as Asian dust (KOSA). The variation patterns of the vertical profiles of particle concentrations in snow layers were corresponding among each location. The concentrations of particles with less than 30 μm was gradually increased with increasing distance from the Sea of Japan to the Japan Alps, although, sharply-decreased at 3 sites located the monsoon-leeward of the Japan Alps, suggesting that the particles transported with monsoon were gradually removed from air and deposited in snow cover when the air parcel pass through the Japan Alps

Analisis Pelaksanaan Program Rekrutmen, Seleksi, Penempatan Kerja, Dan Pelatihan Karyawan (Studi Pada Karyawan Biro Perjalanan Umum Rosalia Indah)

Public transport is one of the requirements for the community in the travel activities to do, both activities at close range or long range. In order to realize the ground transportation service provider of safe, comfortable, and backed with excellent service, Biro Perjalanan Umum Rosalia Indah focusing on the fulfillment of the qualified employee in order to provide the best service to its loyal customers. The aim of this research is to analyze and describe what about the company. In addition to describe and analyzes about the recruitment, selection, job placement, and training for employee in an effort to get employee are high competent in implementing the job. Policies are implemented and the implementation of these policies in the recruitment, selection, placement, and training of employee can run well based on the company\u27s needs for labour, BPU Rosalia Indah will get employee who are competent and fit the needs of the company

Exciton localization and decomposition dynamics in cuprous halide nanocrystals

We report temporal changes of luminescence and absorption (differential transmission) of excitons in nanometer-size semiconductor crystals (nanocrystals) of CuCl embedded in NaCl or in glass, and CuBr nano- crystals embedded in glass. In CuCl nanocrystals in NaCl, an exciton relaxes nonradiatively to some localized state. In CuCl and CuBr nanocrystals in glass, the temporal changes of the differential transmission have a longer decay component in addition to the fast decay component which agrees with the luminescence decay. This result suggests exciton decomposition and the existence of an electron or a hole remainder in the nano- crystals. The decay time of the longer decay component increases by the accumulation of photoexcitation. This phenomenon indicates persistent trapping of carriers in the glass matrix, which is concerned with persistent spectral hole burning in nanocrystals

Study of assessment of knowledge and understanding for coping with sick days among patients with diabetes in community pharmacy: a cluster randomized controlled trial (SAKURA trial)

[Background] Awareness regarding coping with sick days among patients with diabetes is limited. Thus, we evaluated the effectiveness of sick-day education by community pharmacists among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) using sick-day educational materials (sick-day cards). [Methods] A cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted. Pharmacists in the intervention group educated patients with T2D on coping with sick days (adjusting medication dosage and seeking medical advice) using sick-day cards compared with the usual counseling. Differences in questionnaire scores (“Anxiety”, “Intention”, “Attitude”, and “Knowledge” about sick days) before and after the intervention were compared between the groups. [Results] Overall, 318 patients with T2D (intervention, 119; control, 199) participated in this study, and 270 (intervention, 92; control, 178) patients were examined. There were no significant differences in “Anxiety”, “Intention”, or “Attitude” scores between the two groups, but “Knowledge” scores improved in the intervention group. For all intervention groups (92/92), a physician reviewed and approved medication and adjustment doses for sick days on the cards. [Conclusions] According to patients’ responses, sick-day education using teaching materials improved patient knowledge. This may help patients and their caregivers cope with sick days appropriately through medication dose adjustment and fluid intake. Research registration number: UMIN000043161 (February 1, 2021), https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr.cgifunction=brows&action=brows&recptno=R000048124&type=summary&language=