Genetic Distance Based On Ssr And Grain Yield Of Inter And Intrapopulational Maize Single Cross Hybrids

The objective of this work was to correlate the genetic distances between the progenitors obtained by microsatellite markers with the grain yield of inter and intrapopulational maize single cross hybrids. Three S 0 populations derived from commercial single cross hybrids were used to obtain 163 hybrids (110 interpopulational and 53 intrapopulational). The two best hybrids and two worst hybrids of each the inter- and intrapopulational crosses were selected and their progenitors maintained through self-pollination of the second ear of each S 0 plant, genotyped with 47 SSRs. The Modified Roger's Distance (MRD) between each pair of S 1 inbred lines, the number of alleles and the polymorphic information content (PIC) of each primer were estimated. The genetic distances between progenitors were correlated with the grain yield of the inter- and intrapopulational hybrids. The number of obtained alleles was 186, with a mean of 3.96 alleles. The PIC varied from 0.49 to 0.80, with a mean of 0.65. The mean genetic distance between all S 1 inbred lines was 0.75, varying from 0.40 to 0.89, indicating the existence of variability between the S 1 inbred lines. The correlation between MRD and grain yield was high and significant for the interpopulational crosses (r = 0.84, P ≤ 0.01) and low and not significant (r = 0.18, P ≥ 0.05) for intrapopulational crosses.5103/04/15507513Ajmone Marsan, P., Castiglioni, P., Fu Sari, F., Kuiper, M., Motto, M., Genetic diversity and its relationship to hybrid performance in maize as revealed by RFLP and AFLP markers (1998) Theor. Appl. Genet., 96, pp. 219-227Árcade, A., Faivre-Rampant, P., Le Guerroué, B., Paques, L.E., Prat, D., Heterozigosity and hybrid performance in larch (1996) Theor. Appl. Genet., 93, pp. 1274-1281Barbosa, A.M.M., Geraldi, I.O., Benchimol, L.L., Garcia, A.A.F., Souza Jr., C.L., Souza, A.P., Relationship of intra and interpopulation tropical maize single cross hybrid performance and genetic distances computed from AFLP and SSR markers (2003) Euphytica, 87, pp. 87-99Benchimol, L.L., Souza Jr., C.L., Garcia, A.A.F., Kono, P.M.S., Mangolin, C.A., Barbosa, A.M.M., Coelho, A.S.G., Souza, A.P., Genetic diversity in tropical maize inbred lines: Heterotic group assignment and hybrid performance determined by RFLP markers (2000) Plant Breed., 119, pp. 491-496Boppenmaier, J., Melchinger, A.E., Brunklaus-Junt, E., Geiger, H.H., Genetic diversity for RFLP in European maize inbreds: Relation to performance of flint x dent crosses for forage traits (1992) Crop Sci., 32, pp. 895-902Butstein, D., White, M., Sholnick, M., David, R.W., Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms (1980) Am. J. Hum. Genet., 32, pp. 314-331Cheres, M.T., Miller, J.F., Crane, J.M., Knapp, S.J., Genetic distance as a predictor of heterosis and hybrid performance within and between heterotic groups in sunflower (2000) Theor. Appl. Genet., 100, pp. 889-894Cruz, C.D., Shuster, I., (2004) GQMOL: Aplicativo Computacional para Análise de Dados Moleculares e de Suas Associações Com Caracteres Quantitativos. Versão 2004.2.1, , Viçosa. MGDhillon, B.S., Boppenmaier, J., Pollmer, R.G., Hermann, R.G., Melchinger, A.E., Relationship of restriction length polymorphisms among european maize inbreds with ear dry matter yield of their hybrids (1993) Maydica, 38, pp. 245-248Drinic, S.M., Trifunovic, S., Drinic, G., Konstantinov, K., Genetic divergence and its correlation to heterosis in maize as revealed by SSR base markers (2002) Maydica, 47, pp. 1-8Goodman, M.M., Stuber, C.W., Races of maize: VI. Isozyme variation among races of maize in Bolivia (1983) Maydica, 28, pp. 169-187Hallauer, A.R., Miranda Filho, J.B., (1988) Quantitative Genetics in Maize Breeding, 468p. , Iowa State University Press, AmesKruskal, J.B., Multidimensional scaling by optimizing goodness of fit to a no metric hypothesis (1964) Psychometrika, 29, pp. 1-27Lanza, L.L.B., Souza Jr., C.L., Ottoboni, I.M.M., Vieira, M.L.C., Souza, A.P., Genetic distance of inbred lines and prediction of maize single-cross performance using RAPD markers (1997) Theor. Appl. Genet., 94, pp. 1023-1030Le Clerc, V., Bazante, F., Baril, C., Guiard, J., Zhang, D., Assessing temporal changes in genetic diversity of maize varieties using microsatellite markers (2005) Theor. Appl. Genet., 110, pp. 294-302Lee, M., Godshalk, E.B., Lamkey, K.R., Woodman, W.W., Association of restriction fragment length polymorphisms among maize inbreds with agronomic performance of their crosses (1989) Crop Sci., 29, pp. 1067-1071Lu, H., Bernardo, R., Molecular marker diversity among current and historical maize inbreds (2001) Theor. Appl. Genet., 103, pp. 613-617Malécot, G., (1948) Les Mathématiques de l'Hérédite, , Masson et Cie, ParisMantel, N., The detection of disease clustering and a generalized regression approach (1967) Cancer Res., 37, pp. 209-220Melchinger, A.E., Genetic diversity and heterosis (1999) The Genetics and Exploitation of Heterosis in Crops, pp. 99-118. , J.G. Coors, S. Pandey (Eds.), Am. Soc. Agron. Madison WIMenkir, A., Melake-Berhan, A., Ingelbrecht, A.T., Adepoju, A., Grouping of tropical mid-altitude maize inbred lines on the basis of yield data and molecular markers (2004) Theor. Appl. Genet., 108, pp. 1582-1590Mille, M., (1997) TFPGA: Toll for Population Genetic Analysis, Version 1.3, , Northern Arizona UniversityPejic, I., Ajmone Marsan, P., Morgante, M., Kozumplick, V., Castiglioni, P., Taramino, G., Motto, M., Comparative analysis of genetic similarity among maize inbred lines detected by RFLPs, RAPDs, SSRs, and AFLPs (1998) Theor. Appl. Genet., 97, pp. 1428-11255Reif, J.C., Melchinger, A.E., Frisch, M., Genetical and mathematical properties of similarity and dissimilarity coefficients applied in plant breeding and seed bank management (2005) Crop Sci., 45, pp. 1-7Reif, J.C., Melchinger, A.E., Xia, X.C., Warburton, M.L., Hoisington, D.A., Vasal, S.K., Srinivasan, G., Frisch, M., Genetic distance based on simple sequence repeats and heterosis in tropical maize populations (2003) Crop Sci., 43, pp. 1275-1282Reif, J.C., Melchinger, A.E., Xia, X.C., Warburton, M.L., Hoisington, D.A., Vasal, S.K., Beck, D., Frisch, M., Use of SSRs for establishing heterotic groups in subtropical maize (2003) Theor. Appl. Genet., 107, pp. 947-957Rohlf, F.J., (2000) NTSYS-pc: Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System. Version 2.1, , Exeter Software. Setauket. NYSaghai-Maroof, M.A., Soliman, K.M., Jorgensen, R.A., Allard, R.W., Ribosomal DNA spacer length polymorphism in barley: Mendelian inheritance, chromosomal location, and population dynamics (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 83, pp. 1757-1761(1998) SAS Language Guide for Personal Computers. Release 6.03 Ed., , SAS INSTITUTE, SAS Inst. Cary. NCSibov, S.T., Souza Jr., C.L., Garcia, A.A.F., Silva, A.R., Garcia, A.F., Mangolin, C.A., Benchimol, L.L., Souza, A.P., Molecular mapping in tropical maize (Zea mays L.) using microsattelite markers. 2. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for grain yield, plant height, ear height and grain moisture (2003) Hereditas, 139, pp. 107-115Smith, O.S., Smith, J.S.C., Bowen, S.L., Tenborg, R.A., Wall, S.J., Similarities among a group of elite inbreds as measured by pedigree, F 1 heterosis, and RFLPs (1990) Theor. Appl. Genet., 80, pp. 833-840Steel, R.G.D., Torrie, J.H., (1980) Principles and Procedures of Statistics. 2. Ed., 633p. , New York: McGraw HillVaz Patto, M.C., Satovic, Z., Pêgo, S., Fevereiro, P., Assessing the genetic diversity of Portuguese maize germoplasm using microsatellite markers (2004) Euphytica, 137, pp. 63-72Xia, X.C., Reif, J.C., Hoisington, D.A., Melchinger, A.E., Frisch, M., Warburton, M.L., Genetic diversity among CIMMYT maize inbred lines investigated with SSR markers (2004) Crop Sci., 44, pp. 2230-2237Xu, S., Liu, J., Liu, G., The use of SSRs for predicting the hybrid yield and yield heterosis in 15 key inbred lines of Chinese maize (2004) Hereditas, 141, pp. 207-21

Spectral method for the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation with a harmonic trap

We study the numerical resolution of the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation, a non-linear Schroedinger equation used to simulate the dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates. Considering condensates trapped in harmonic potentials, we present an efficient algorithm by making use of a spectral Galerkin method, using a basis set of harmonic oscillator functions, and the Gauss-Hermite quadrature. We apply this algorithm to the simulation of condensate breathing and scissors modes.Comment: 23 pages, 5 figure

Mean-field description of collapsing and exploding Bose-Einstein condensates

We perform numerical simulation based on the time-dependent mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii equation to understand some aspects of a recent experiment by Donley et al. on the dynamics of collapsing and exploding Bose-Einstein condensates of $^{85}$Rb atoms. They manipulated the atomic interaction by an external magnetic field via a Feshbach resonance, thus changing the repulsive condensate into an attractive one and vice versa. In the actual experiment they changed suddenly the scattering length of atomic interaction from positive to a large negative value on a pre-formed condensate in an axially symmetric trap. Consequently, the condensate collapses and ejects atoms via explosion. We find that the present mean-field analysis can explain some aspects of the dynamics of the collapsing and exploding Bose-Einstein condensates.Comment: 9 Latex pages, 10 ps and eps files, version accepted in Physical Review A, minor changes mad