Effects of sleep on the academic performance of children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder

Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is commonly associated with disordered or disturbed sleep and the association of sleep problems with ADHD is complex and multidirectional. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between sleep and academic performance, comparing children with ADHD and a control group without ADHD. Academic performance in Spanish, mathematics, and a foreign language (English) was evaluated. Different presentations of ADHD were considered as well as the potential difference between weekday and weekend sleep habits. The sample consisted of 75 children aged 6–12 in primary education. Accelerometry was used to study sleep, and school grades were used to gather information about academic performance. The results showed that ADHD influenced the amount of sleep during weekends, the time getting up at the weekends, weekday sleep efficiency, as well as academic performance. Given the effects that were seen in the variables linked to the weekend, it is necessary to consider a longitudinal design with which to determine if there is a cause and effect relationship

Using Simulated Annealing to Solve the Daily Drayage Problem with Hard Time Windows

Drayage is the stage of the intermodal transport that deals with transport of freight on trucks among the intermodal terminal, and customers and suppliers that are located in its hinterland. This work proposes an algorithm based on simulated annealing heuristics to solve the operations of drayage. This algorithm has been used to solve battery problems, demonstrating the validity and suitability of its results, which were compared with exact method

International financial reporting standards and earnings management in Latin America

This study analyzes the level of earnings management in Latin America after the adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and analyzes the role of cross-listing in the United States. The literature on earnings management in less developed countries is still under construction, and few studies focus on this issue, especially with respect to Latin America, despite its relevant role in the global economy. This paper fills this gap in the literature as it analyzes the level of IFRS earnings management regarding the first and main Latin American countries applying IFRS (Brazil and Chile), when compared to the main Anglo-Saxon countries with IFRS tradition (United Kingdom and Australia), and with the main Continental European economies (France and Germany). The results show that Latin American firms present a higher level of earnings management than Continental European and Anglo-Saxon firms, and this opportunistic behavior remains significant when only global players with cross-listing in the United States are analyzed. Thus, even with a unique set of high quality accounting standards (IFRS) and strong reporting incentives, countries' specific characteristics still play an important role in the way IFRS is implemented in each country.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Entanglement and entropy operator for strings in pp-wave time dependent background

In this letter new aspects of string theory propagating in a pp-wave time dependent background with a null singularity are explored. It is shown the appearance of a 2d entanglement entropy dynamically generated by the background. For asymptotically flat observers, the vacuum close to the singularity is unitarily inequivalent to the vacuum at $\tau = -\infty$ and it is shown that the 2d entanglement entropy diverges close to this point. As a consequence, the positive time region is inaccessible for observers in $\tau =-\infty$. For a stationary measure, the vacuum at finite time is seen by those observers as a thermal state and the information loss is encoded as a heat bath of string states.Comment: revtex4, 15 pages, revised version to appear in Physics Letters

Correlação fenotípica em acessos diploides (AA) melhorados de bananeira.

A bananicultura destaca-se como uma atividade de grande importância econômica e social. No Brasil, verifica-se o cultivo da bananeira em todas as regiões geográficas, da faixa litorânea aos planaltos do interior. Os problemas enfrentados pela cultura são vários, abrangendo desde produtividade e qualidade dos frutos inadequadas, a questões mais específicas, como resistência a pragas (SILVA et al., 2005; CORDEIRO et al., 2005)

Arthroscopic Treatment of Shoulder Stiffness with Rotator Cuff Repair Yields Similar Outcomes to Isolated Rotator Cuff Repair

Purpose: To compare patient-reported and surgical outcome measures in patients with and without secondary shoulder stiffness (SSS) undergoing rotator cuff repair (RCR). Methods: Patients undergoing rotator cuff repair from 2014 to 2020 with complete patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) by the short-form 12 survey (SF-12) were retrospectively reviewed to identify if operative intervention for SSS was performed alongside the RCR. Those patients with operative intervention for SSS were propensity matched to a group without prior intervention for stiffness by age, sex, laterality, body mass index, diabetes mellitus status, and the presence of a thyroid disorder. The groups were compared by rotator cuff tear (RCT) size, surgical outcomes, further surgical intervention, rotator cuff retear rate, postoperative range of motion (ROM), and SF-12 results at one year after surgery. Delta values were calculated for component scores of the SF-12 and ROM values by subtracting the preoperative result from the postoperative result. Results: A total of 89 patients with SSS were compared to 156 patients in the control group at final analysis. SSS group experienced a significant improvement by the delta mental health component score (MCS-12) of the SF-12 survey that was not seen in the control group (p=0.005 to p=0.539). Both groups experienced significant improvement by the delta physical health component score (PCS-12) of the SF-12 survey (SSS: 7.68, p\u3c0.001; control: 6.95, p\u3c0.001). The SSS group also experienced greater improvement of their forward flexion (25.80 vs 12.9°, p-0.005) and external rotation (7.13° vs 1.65°, p=0.031) ROM than the control group. Conclusions: Operative intervention of SSS at the time of RCR has equivalent postoperative outcomes by the SF-12 survey when compared to patients undergoing RCR without preoperative stiffness

Interferência da iluminância nos parâmetros monocíclicos do patossistema Mycosphaerella musicola - Musa spp.

A bananicultura está distribuída em praticamente todo o mundo. A sigatoka-amarela é uma das doenças de maior importância de alguns países tropicais, e pode ter sua severidade aumentada em condições ambientais favoráveis (2, 3, 5)