99 research outputs found

    Full Length Research Paper Seed germination and in vitro plant regeneration of Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) Benth

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    Parkia biglobosa is an important leguminous forest species which is being threatened of going into extinction in Senegal. To preserve this genetic resource of great economic value, studies on germination were carried out and in vitro conservation option through tissue culture technique wasadopted. 100% of germination rate was recorded 2 days after 5 - 6 h of concentrated H2SO4 treatments and incubation in a growth chamber at 27±1°C. To improve and raise in vitro vegetative multiplication capacities, different concentrations of growth regulators were added alone or in combination in a MS basal medium. Multiplication rate of 3.08 and 3.29 were obtained, respectively, for apex and cotyledonary nodes in a MS medium supplemented with BAP 0.5 mg.L-1 + TIBA 0.1 mg.L-1. For axillary explants, a rate of 3.58 was recorded for the hormonal combination which consisted of BAP 0.5 mg.L-1 + TIBA 0.5 mg.L-1 + AgNO3 0.5 mg.L-1. 41.66% of apex and 58.33% of cotyledonary explants were rooted after 24 h of induction treatment with IBA 2.5mg.L-1 whereas 41.66% of axillary bud explants developed roots after 48 h of induction with NAA 1mg.L-1. During acclimatization achievement, survival rates wererespectively 80% for apex and cotyledonary explants and 86.66% for axillary explants

    In vitro micrografting of Sterculia setigera Del.

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    An in vitro procedure micrografting of adult scions of Sterculia setigera was developed to overcome low rooting in adult shoot. Axenic micro shoots of 0.5 cm length taken from adult trees as scions were grafted on seedlings rootstocks cultured on MS medium. 100% success was obtained with micrografts using adult apex as scions. Upon three cycles of in vitro micrografting, rejuvenation capacities of S. setigera was recovered as shown by vigour, length and rooting of shoots grown from grafts cultured on MS medium compared to seedlings. Successful micrografts were transferred to plastic pots containing soil under mist house conditions before they were finally exposed to an external environment. 80% of the plantlets survived in the nursery.Keywords: Sterculia setigera, micrografting, rejuvenation, rootin

    Brucella abortus d'origine bovine au Sénégal : identification et typage

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    Cent quatre-vingt une souches de Brucella d'origine bovine, isolées au Sénégal, de 1976 à 1978, ont été identifiées par l'ensemble des épreuves recommandées par le sous-Comité de la Taxonomie de ce genre bactérien. Leurs caractÚres sont, pour l'essentiel, conformes à la définition de l'espÚce Brucella abortus au sein de laquelle 180 souches appartiennent au biotype 3 et une au biotype 1. Deux caractÚres inhabituels pour cette espÚce distinguent toutefois les souches sénégalaises: leur réponse négative - à une exception prÚs - à l'épreuve de l'oxydase et leur profil moyen d'oxydation métabolique modifié au niveau de 4 des substrats conventionnels (L-asparagine, L-arabinose, D-galactose et D-xylose). Ces deux caractÚres originaux sont discutés d'un double point de vue, épidémiologique et taxonomiqu

    Identification des usages de Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich) hoscht dans la zone du Ferlo (Senegal) et evaluation du potentiel biochimique et nutritionnel de son fruit

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    Le prunier d’Afrique ou Sclerocarya birrea est un arbre fruitier de la famille des Anacardiaceae, qui fournit aux populations des fruits consommables pendant la pĂ©riode de soudure. Bien que prĂ©sente dans les rĂ©gions Ă  climat soudano-sahĂ©lien du SĂ©nĂ©gal, sa zone de prĂ©dilection demeure le Ferlo. Elle y fait l’objet de rĂ©habilitation dans la mise en place du programme de l’Union Africaine dite de la muraille verte. Malheureusement, peu d’études scientifiques n’ont encore fait mention de la composition nutritive des fruits issus de cette zone. Dans le cadre de la reconstitution du couvert vĂ©gĂ©tal des zones arides, la connaissance des relations entre l’homme et son milieu s’avĂšre importante. Ainsi, la prĂ©sente Ă©tude est entreprise dans le but de connaĂźtre les usages de Sclerocarya birrea et les potentialitĂ©s qu’offre son fruit. Des enquĂȘtes ethnobotaniques ont permis de recueillir les connaissances sur les usages de l’espĂšce dans la zone du Ferlo (SĂ©nĂ©gal). Des Ă©chantillons de fruits mĂ»rs rĂ©coltĂ©s ont Ă©tĂ© analysĂ©s grĂące Ă  des techniques de dosages normalisĂ©s et conventionnelles. Les rĂ©sultats rĂ©vĂšlent que les populations du Ferlo connaissent bien S. birrea, dont l’usage mĂ©dicinal est de loin le plus important (79%). En usage mĂ©dicinal, les organes vĂ©gĂ©taux les plus utilisĂ©s sont les Ă©corces et les feuilles. Les rĂ©sultats obtenus sur la pulpe du fruit montrent qu'elle constitue une bonne source en vitamine C, en sucres, en Calcium, MagnĂ©sium, Potassium, Sodium et en PolyphĂ©nols totaux. L'huile de l'amande prĂ©sente des caractĂ©ristiques qui dans l'ensemble restent dans la norme admise pour les huiles alimentaires. Ces rĂ©sultats sont marquĂ©s par une forte variabilitĂ© de la composition physico-chimique qui semble ĂȘtre liĂ©es aux variations des conditions Ă©daphiques et climatiques. Il ressort de cette analyse que le fruit de S. birrea constitue une excellente source de nutriments et peut valablement combler certaines carences nutritionnelles des populations autochtones. Par ailleurs, le fruit prĂ©sente aussi des potentialitĂ©s de transformation et de conservation qui doivent ĂȘtre explorĂ©es.Mots clĂ©s:  Sclerocarya birrea, fruits, usages, valeurs nutritionnelles, polyphĂ©nols, vitamine C, variabilitĂ©, FerloEnglish AbstractThe present study was undertaken to know the uses and some nutritional potentials of Sclerocarya birrea. The African plum tree called Sclerocarya birrea is a fruit tree of the Anacardiaceae family, which provides populations some consumable fruits during the lean season. Although it is present in Sudano-Sahelian regions of Senegal, its favorite repartition zone is the Ferlo. Sclerocarya birrea is being rehabilitated in the framework of the implementation of the African Union program called the “Green Wall”. Unfortunately, no scientific studies have mentioned the nutritional content of fruits coming from this area. In the context of the reconstitution of the vegetation cover, knowledge of the relations between man and his environment is important. Thus, the present study is undertaken with the aim of knowing the uses of Sclerocarya birrea and its fruits attibutes. According to that, ethnobotanical surveys have gathered knowledge on the species' uses in the Ferlo area (Senegal). Samples of ripe fruits harvested were analyzed using standard and conventional assay techniques. The results revealed that the populations of the Ferlo are well acquainted with Sclerocarya birrea and that its medicinal use is by far the most important (79%). In medicinal use, the most commonly used plant organs are barks and leaves. The results obtained on the pulp of the fruit showed that it is a good source of vitamin C, sugars, Calcium, Magnesium, Potassium, Sodium and total polyphenols. The almond oil has characteristics that remain within the accepted food standards. These results are marked by a high variability in the physicochemical composition, which appears to be linked to variations in edaphic and climatic conditions. The analysis shows that the fruit of Sclerocarya birrea is an excellent source of nutrients and can validly fill certain nutritional deficiencies of indigenous peoples. The fruit also has potential for transformation that needs to be explored.Keywords: Sclerocarya birrea, fruits, uses, nutritional values, polyphenols, vitamin C, variability, Ferl

    Magnitude and associated factors of latent tuberculosis infection due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex among high-risk groups in urban Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

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    Objectives: To determine the prevalence and risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among three high-risk groups - household contacts of TB index cases, healthcare workers and slaughterhouse workers - in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Methods: Participants were recruited to this cross-sectional study from March to July 2020 after giving informed consent. Sociodemographic, clinical and biological data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus test (QFT-Plus) and the tuberculin skin test (TST) were used for detection of LTBI. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for LTBI. Results: The prevalence of LTBI among 101 participants (age range 15-68 years) was 67.33% [95% confidence interval (CI) 57.27-76.33] and 84.16% (95% CI 75.55-90.66) based on QFT-Plus and TST results, respectively. Compared with healthcare workers and household contacts of TB index cases, the prevalence of LTBI among slaughterhouse workers was significantly higher for both QTF-Plus (96.8%; P /=15 years of exposure (AOR 5.617, 95% CI 1.202-32.198), having an animal at home (AOR 2.735, 95% CI 1.102-6.789) and protozoal infection (AOR 2.591, 95% CI 1.034-6.491) were significantly associated with LTBI on the QFT-Plus assay. Conclusion: The prevalence of LTBI was high in all three groups, particularly slaughterhouse workers. The risk factors identified could form the basis of targeted intervention

    Inventaire des technologies et pratiques de l’Agriculture Intelligente face au climat (AIC) au SĂ©nĂ©gal

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    Cet inventaire des pratiques AIC est le rĂ©sultat de travaux de revue systĂ©matique rĂ©alisĂ©e par le Centre d'Ă©tude rĂ©gional pour l'amĂ©lioration de l'adaptation Ă  la sĂ©cheresse (CERAAS), SĂ©nĂ©gal. Les documents consultĂ©s comprennent des articles de revues traitant des aspects de l'agriculture intelligente face au climat en Afrique de l'Ouest, des livres, des chapitres de livres, des rapports de projets, etc. La recherche a Ă©tĂ© menĂ©e sur des plateformes de documentation en ligne telles que Science Direct, Google Schoolar et les sites Web de diverses institutions de recherche travaillant dans le domaine du changement climatique. Des mots clĂ©s liĂ©s Ă  l'AIC ont Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©s tels que : « Changement climatique », « AIC », « Adaptation », « Impact », « VulnĂ©rabilitĂ© », « Agriculture », « AttĂ©nuation » etc. Dans ces diffĂ©rents documents, les pratiques dĂ©veloppĂ©es ont Ă©tĂ© listĂ©es. Afin de recueillir un maximum d'informations sur les pratiques et leur mise en Ɠuvre, un modĂšle de fiche descriptive a Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©
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