Potential implications of the use of digital sequence information on genetic resources for the three objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity. A submission from CGIAR to the Secretary of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)

This report has been submitted by CGIAR in response to an invitation issued by the Secretary of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) calling on “relevant organizations and stakeholders to submit views and relevant information on any potential implications of the use of digital sequence information on genetic resources for the three objectives of the Convention” as input to the "Meeting of the Ad Hoc Technical Expert Group on Digital Sequence Information on Genetic Resources", 13 - 16 February 2018, Montreal, Canada. CGIAR experience to date confirms that digital genomic sequence data can play important roles in the management and sustainable use of biological diversity and in the sharing of benefits associated with the use of that diversity. Technological capacities to generate genomic sequence data have accelerated faster than capacities to enable practical use of this information. Relatively small investments in the initial generation of genomic sequences, must then be coupled with significantly larger investments to comparatively analyse genomic sequences, to link genetic variability to useful phenotypic traits or performance, to ‘optimize’ those traits, and ultimately, to develop new crop varieties for release and use in farmers’ fields. CGIAR underscores the importance of capacity building for developing country research and development organizations to generate and use genomic sequence information as part of their own conservation and crop improvement programs, and to be able to participate on equal footing in internationally coordinated and funded research and development programs. The most important benefit to be shared from the use of genomic sequence information in agricultural research and development and plant breeding is improved food and livelihood security. Other non-monetary benefits are farmers’ improved access to technologies, enhanced institutional capacities of developing country research organizations, shared research results, and local and regional economic development

Report of a Working Group on Forages: Sixth meeting, 6-8 March 1997, Beitostølen, Norway

This report on forage genetic resources work in Europe begins with a review of current activities, including the core collection of Lolium, and an outline of recent international developments in issues related to plant genetic resources. Presented papers are then arranged under the following headings: European Central Forages Databases (13 papers); status of national collections (7); duplications in forages collections (2); standards for regeneration (1); collecting activities (13) and research activities (6). Appendices provide information on: forage passport descriptors; a protocol for designating primary holders of accessions; guidelines for the regeneration of accessions in seed collections of the main perennial forage grasses and legumes of temperate grasslands; germplasm holdings; and safety-duplication capacities. (Abstract © CAB ABSTRACTS, CAB International

Structural characteristics and forage mass of Tifton 85 pastures managed under three post-grazing residual leaf areas

The experiment was carried out on Cynodon spp cv. Tifton 85 pastures grazed by sheep under rotational stocking, with the objective of evaluating the structural characteristics as well as the forage mass of the pastures subjected to three grazing intensities in successive cycles. Treatments were composed of three residual leaf area indices (rLAI; 2.4; 1.6 and 0.8), allocated in completely randomized blocks with seven replications, totaling 21 experimental units. Tiller population density, pasture height, leaf area index, forage morphological composition and pasture forage mass were evaluated. The rLAI modified the tiller population density, which increased linearly with decrease in the rLAI of the pastures. Dry masses of leaf blade, stem and dead material were inferior when the rLAI imposed were lower, which resulted in differentiated forage production among the treatments. Tifton 85 pastures grazed by sheep in rotational stocking under tropical conditions with different rLAI show a modified sward structure over successive grazing cycles, mainly by alteration in the height and LAI of the plants at pre-grazing and by light interception post-grazing, which change the tiller population density. The residual leaf area index of 1.6 is the most suitable for pasture management for being equivalent to the heights of entrance and exit of animals on and from paddocks of 33 and 19 cm, respectively, which avoid great accumulation of dead material and excessive stem elongation, in addition to ensuring tillering in the sward.Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Programa de Pós-graduação em ZootecniaUniversidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Departamento de ZootecniaUniversidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Programa de Pós-graduação em ZootecniaUniversidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Departamento de Zootecni

Regeneration of accessions in seed collections: A decision guide

This decision guide is intended to facilitate the development of optimum procedures for regeneration of seed germplasm. It deals with the timely identification of accessions with inadequate quality or quantity of seed, and considers the regeneration of those accessions to produce new seed of maximum quality and optimum quantity, with minimum loss of genetic integrity and as cost-effectively as possible