ОКСИД АЗОТА, ЕГО МЕТАБОЛИТЫ И СИСТЕМА ГЛУТАТИОНА У ДЕТЕЙ С ХРОНИЧЕСКИМ ВИРУСНЫМ ГЕПАТИТОМ В И С

Aim. To detect changes in the concentration of nitric oxide and its metabolites – nitrites and nitrates in conjunction with the  indices of the glutathione system in  the children with chronic hepatitis В and С.    Patients and methods. In the research took a part 76 patients (boys or girls) with chronic hepatitis В and С aged  from 7 up to 16 years. Nitric oxide and its metabolites  determined by method of V.A. Metel’skaya and N.G. Gumanova; level of  reduced glutathione – the titrimetric analysis; activity of glutathione transferase – the method of spectrophotometry.  Results. The content of nitric oxide and its metabolites– nitrites and nitrates – in serum and urine of children with chronic viral hepatitis В and С have increased. Correlations were revealed between nitric oxide and its metabolites  in serum and urine, as well as between these indices and glutathione system parameters – reduced glutathione concentration and activity of enzymes of glutathione transferase of erythrocytes and plasma. Conclusions. In the children with chronic viral hepatitis В and С the increase of the concentration of  nitric oxide and its metabolites in serum and urine is accompanied by decrease of reduced glutathione concentration and increase of glutathione transferase activity in erythrocytes and plasma. These findings suggest the presence of oxidative stress due to which the therapy should be strengthened by antioxidant effect.Цель исследования. Выявить  изменения концентрации окиси азота и его метаболитов – нитритов и нитратов во взаимосвязи с показателями системы глутатиона у детей с хроническим гепатитом В и С. Пациенты и методы. В исследовании приняли участие 76 детей с хроническим гепатитом В и С в возрасте от 7 до 16 лет обоего пола. Оксид азота и его метаболиты определяли по методу В.А. Метельской и Н.Г. Гумановой; уровень восстановленного глутатиона - титрометрическим методом; активность глутатионтрансферазы - методом спектрофотометрии. Результаты. Содержание оксида азота и его метаболитов — нитритов и нитратов ― в сыворотке крови и моче детей с хроническим вирусным гепатитом В и С повышено. Выявлены взаимосвязи между оксидом азота и его метаболитами в сыворотке крови и моче, а также между этими показателями и параметрами системы глутатиона ― концентрацией восстановленного глутатиона и активностью ферментов глутатионтрансферазы эритроцитов и плазмы. Выводы. У детей с хроническим вирусным гепатитом В и С повышение концентрации оксида азота и его метаболитов в сыворотке крови и моче сопровождается снижением концентрации восстановленного глутатиона и повышением активности глутатионтрансферазы эритроцитов и плазмы. Полученные результаты говорят о наличии окислительного стресса, в связи с чем необходимо оптимизировать терапию с усилением антиоксидантного воздействия.

Magnetic fields and accretion flows on the classical T Tauri star V2129 Oph

From observations collected with the ESPaDOnS spectropolarimeter, we report the discovery of magnetic fields at the surface of the mildly accreting classical T Tauri star V2129 Oph. Zeeman signatures are detected, both in photospheric lines and in the emission lines formed at the base of the accretion funnels linking the disc to the protostar, and monitored over the whole rotation cycle of V2129 Oph. We observe that rotational modulation dominates the temporal variations of both unpolarized and circularly polarized line profiles. We reconstruct the large-scale magnetic topology at the surface of V2129 Oph from both sets of Zeeman signatures simultaneously. We find it to be rather complex, with a dominant octupolar component and a weak dipole of strengths 1.2 and 0.35 kG, respectively, both slightly tilted with respect to the rotation axis. The large-scale field is anchored in a pair of 2-kG unipolar radial field spots located at high latitudes and coinciding with cool dark polar spots at photospheric level. This large-scale field geometry is unusually complex compared to those of non-accreting cool active subgiants with moderate rotation rates. As an illustration, we provide a first attempt at modelling the magnetospheric topology and accretion funnels of V2129 Oph using field extrapolation. We find that the magnetosphere of V2129 Oph must extend to about 7R* to ensure that the footpoints of accretion funnels coincide with the high-latitude accretion spots on the stellar surface. It suggests that the stellar magnetic field succeeds in coupling to the accretion disc as far out as the corotation radius, and could possibly explain the slow rotation of V2129 Oph. The magnetospheric geometry we derive produces X-ray coronal fluxes typical of those observed in cTTSs.Comment: MNRAS, in press (18 pages, 17 figures

Insertion of short hepatitis virus A amino acid sequences into poliovirus antigenic determinants results in viable progeny

AbstractIn an infectious poliovirus cDNA construct, the determinant encoding antigenic epitope N-Agl (in a loop located between two β-strands in polypeptide VP1) was altered by site-directed mutagenesis, to be partially similar with the determinants for presumptive epitopes in polypeptides VP1 or VP3 of hepatitis A virus (HAV). The modified constructs proved to be infectious. However, another construct, in which the same locus encoded a ‘nonsense’ and a relatively hydrophobic amino acid sequence, exhibited no infectivity. These data showed the feasibility of the insertion of foreign sequences in a specific antigenically active locus of the poliovirus icosahedron, and suggest some limitations with respect to the sequences to be ‘transplanted’

Pulsar-wind nebulae and magnetar outflows: observations at radio, X-ray, and gamma-ray wavelengths

We review observations of several classes of neutron-star-powered outflows: pulsar-wind nebulae (PWNe) inside shell supernova remnants (SNRs), PWNe interacting directly with interstellar medium (ISM), and magnetar-powered outflows. We describe radio, X-ray, and gamma-ray observations of PWNe, focusing first on integrated spectral-energy distributions (SEDs) and global spectral properties. High-resolution X-ray imaging of PWNe shows a bewildering array of morphologies, with jets, trails, and other structures. Several of the 23 so far identified magnetars show evidence for continuous or sporadic emission of material, sometimes associated with giant flares, and a few possible "magnetar-wind nebulae" have been recently identified.Comment: 61 pages, 44 figures (reduced in quality for size reasons). Published in Space Science Reviews, "Jets and Winds in Pulsar Wind Nebulae, Gamma-ray Bursts and Blazars: Physics of Extreme Energy Release

THE PECULIARITIES OF ORAL CAVITY ENZYME FUNCTIONING IN WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME

The aim of the study was to evaluate the functioning of the enzyme systems of oral cavity in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome. There was found that every fourth patient with Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) has manifestations of chronic catarrhal gingivitis. The level of the oral hygiene in both groups was comparable studies: 1,120,2 and 0,940,1 points accounting respectively. PMA index in women with PCOS was 35,3 ± 2,3%, while in the second group it was 11,1 ± 1,2%. Accordingly, the index CPITN in the patients of group was 2,90,2 points, while the second group of patients had 2,10,2 points (p <0,05). The patients with PCOS were marked and increased in the concentration of MDA to 0,130,02 mmol / L, the reduction in alkaline phosphatase activity was to 0,060,01 mkkat / L, the increasing activity of urease was to 0,080,01 and the decreasing production of lysozyme was to 113,013,6 U / l. It is established that the content of MDA correlates with the activity of lysozyme (r = 0,67), alkaline phosphatase (r = 0,67) and catalase (r = 0,73). The problems of the pathogenesis of periodontal lesions in women with polycystic ovary syndrome were discussed

Prospects for the use of a drug based on a complex of fatty acid esters in models of laboratory animals in vivo

In this work we carried out studies of the first obtained micellar composition of fatty acid esters with allantoin on a water basis to determine its local irritant effect and therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of burns. It was found that there was a sequential change in the phases of the burn wound process in all groups. During the observation period, wound suppuration was not observed; there were 4 cases of a complicated course of the wound process and a fatal outcome in the control group. When conducting studies of local irritant effects, the assessment was carried out in points, in the experimental group it was on average 2 points as for the animals of the control group. The conducted studies allow us to conclude that the drug, when applied to the skin according to the interstate standard GOST ISO 10993-10—2011, has a weak degree of response to irritation in guinea pigs. The application of a permissive dose of the drug to sensitized guinea pigs does not cause a response from the skin, which indicates the absence of allergenic properties in this composition

Interactions between viral and prokaryotic pathogens in a mixed infection with cardiovirus and mycoplasma.

Contains fulltext : 80134.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)In the natural environment, animal and plant viruses often share ecological niches with microorganisms, but the interactions between these pathogens, although potentially having important implications, are poorly investigated. The present report demonstrates, in a model system, profound mutual effects of mycoplasma and cardioviruses in animal cell cultures. In contrast to mycoplasma-free cells, cultures contaminated with Mycoplasma hyorhinis responded to infection with encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), a picornavirus, but not with poliovirus (also a picornavirus), with a strong activation of a DNase(s), as evidenced by the TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling) immunofluorescence assay and electrophoretic analysis of host DNA. This degradation was reminiscent of that observed upon apoptosis but was caspase independent, judging by the failure of the specific pan-caspase inhibitor Q-VD-OPh to prevent it. The electrophoretic mobility of the enzyme responsible for DNA degradation and dependence of its activity on ionic conditions strongly suggested that it was represented by a DNase(s) of mycoplasma origin. In cells not infected with EMCV, the relevant DNase was dormant. The possibility is discussed that activation of the mycoplasma DNase might be linked to a relatively early increase in permeability of plasma membrane of the infected cells caused by EMCV. This type of unanticipated virus-mycoplasma "cooperation" may exemplify the complexity of pathogen-host interactions under conditions when viruses and microorganisms are infecting the same host. In the course of the present study, it was also demonstrated that pan-caspase inhibitor zVAD(OMe).fmk strongly suppressed cardiovirus polyprotein processing, illustrating an additional pitfall in investigations of viral effects on the apoptotic system of host cells

Recommendations for making sound absorbing polyurethane materials

© 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved. We performed the comprehensive studies of physical mechanical properties of KAMAZ vehicle mats from three manufacturers. It was found that structure of PU foam cells was the key structural parameter that influenced heat- and sound-absorbing properties of products. The paper provides manufacturers with the recommendations for managing structural parameters of a PU foam layer in a mat

FREQUENCY OF SIDE EFFECTS OF ANTIVIRUS THERAPY FOR CHRONIC VIRUS HEPATITIS IN CHILDHOOD

In pediatrics, the issue of using antivirus therapy for chronic virus hepatitis is not sufficiently studied, there is search for rational combinations, schemes, doses and length of treatment. The article demonstrates results of using a combined antivirus therapy with alpha interferon medications, interferon inducers, systemic enzymotherapy in children with chronic virus hepatitis B and C. Including systemic enzymotherapy medications in the combined treatment made it possible to reduce the number and severity of side effects of parenteral interferons. Key words: chronic hepatitis, antivirus therapy, alpha interferon, interferon inducers, children. (Pediatric Pharmacology. – 2010; 7(2):73-77